Why MFA is important, but it isn’t enough in 2025
Multi-factor authentication (MFA) changed the game. Now the rules have changed again.
Attackers are using more sophisticated tactics like phishing, SIM swapping, and MFA fatigue to slip past traditional defenses. The result? More risk to end-users and more pressure on defenders.
This guide walks through what to do next: stronger, smarter authentication methods like passwordless and adaptive access that keep users safe and productive in ways that go beyond standard multifactor authentication controls.
Key takeaways
- Move beyond basic MFA to keep up with evolving threats and attack methods
- Use phishing-resistant options like biometrics and FIDO2 keys
- Take an adaptive-access approach that adjusts authentication controls based on user behavior, environment, context, risk factors, and more
- Safeguard sensitive accounts without slowing down your employees' day-to-day work
- Choose tools that fit your current environment and infrastructure, and make access easy for end-users
Why MFA alone can’t stop modern threats
Let’s rewind.
There was a time when adding MFA felt like a major win, and to be fair, it was. It is still better than relying on passwords alone. But attackers have caught up with first-generation MFA. They are familiar with older methods and know how to circumvent them.
We have seen it all:
Repeated push notifications that wear users down until they approve one by mistake. Phone numbers hijacked to steal SMS-based codes. Fake login pages that trick people into handing over both their password and second factor.
These are not fringe cases; they are common tactics. And they are turning once secure logins into weak spots.
That is why traditional MFA cannot be the finish line. It has to be the foundation.
If you are supporting remote workers, protecting sensitive data, or securing high-volume login activity, now is the time to upgrade. Smarter tools like passwordless login, hardware keys, and adaptive-authentication platforms give you stronger protection without adding friction for users.
Go beyond MFA for stronger protection
MFA is a solid first step in identity and access management. But to block modern threats, you need smarter authentication methods that adapt to context without slowing users down.
Passwordless authentication
Ditching the password eliminates one of the most common cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Instead, end-users authenticate using something they are (biometrics like a fingerprint scan or facial recognition) or something they have (a hardware key or passkey tied to a user account and a registered device).
In both cases, there is no password to steal, reset, or reuse. Just a fast and secure login using biometrics, one-time access codes, or push notifications through a known device or trusted mobile app. Solutions like Duo’s passwordless option combine ease of use with strong phishing resistance and simplified enrollment for both employees and admins.
FIDO2-compliant security keys
FIDO2 is an open authentication standard that is built to resist phishing and brute-force attacks. FIDO2-compliant physical or platform-based security keys allow users to log in without entering a password or a one-time code. These keys verify a user’s identity through cryptographic keys stored on the device.
They’re especially useful for roles that have access to sensitive information or digital assets, such as administrators and finance teams.
Hardware keys also provide significant compliance benefits. For organizations working under regulations like HIPAA, PCI DSS, or CMMC, the use of cryptographic keys demonstrates strong protection against identity-based breaches.
Adaptive authentication
Why use the same authentication flow for every login attempt? Adaptive MFA (also called risk-based access) evaluates behavior, device trust, location, and more. It allows you to maintain seamless access for known users and tighten controls only when needed.
The result is fewer interruptions for authorized users and better protection against unauthorized users. Adaptive authentication also improves the overall user experience by reducing authentication fatigue.
If you’re evaluating options, look for systems that support context-aware policies, such as detecting unfamiliar IPs or jailbroken devices. Duo’s adaptive access capabilities include policy-based controls by user role, device health, and location, helping you fine-tune access without slowing everyone down.
First steps to stronger authentication
Transitioning from legacy MFA to phishing-resistant authentication does not have to be a massive overhaul or happen overnight. You can take it one step at a time, starting with the systems, data stores, and end-users that matter most. A phased approach makes it easier to manage change, build team buy-in, and roll out smarter, stronger security without disrupting daily work.
Many businesses start with low-lift improvements, like adding a phishing-resistant login method for high-risk administrative or executive accounts, or using a platform with pre-built policy templates and user self-enrollment to save time.
Here’s a simple guide to strengthening your authentication, step by step:
1. Take stock of your current setup
Audit your systems. Which online accounts are protected by MFA? Which ones still use only a password? Identify the riskiest elements of your attack surface, such as cloud apps, patient data systems, financial transactions, intellectual property, or administrative controls.
Pay close attention to remote access tools and any system storing confidential information.
2. Educate your employees
Show your employees why multi-factor authentication is important, but also where its limitations lie. Explain how phishing-resistant methods work, what additional security they provide, and how multi-factor authentication acts as a foundation, not a ceiling.
Emphasize ease of use. Modern options like push notifications or biometric login are often faster and more secure than entering multiple forms of identification.
Training sessions, how-to videos, and real-time support can ease the transition and build end-user confidence.
3. Prioritize high-impact areas
Avoid trying to change everything at once. Focus on protecting sensitive data, administrative accounts, and online services that manage secure data.
This includes end-users with elevated privileges or those who regularly access multiple systems or mobile devices. A phased rollout provides you with space to test what works, gather feedback, and fine-tune your approach before going wide.
4. Track what’s working and improve it
Set up dashboards to track authentication logs. Look for anomalies such as sudden surges in login failures, requests from unauthorized users, or signs of credential stuffing.
Platforms like Duo include detailed reporting that helps you spot unusual patterns and audit access activity without needing separate analytics software.
Smarter protection starts here
Attackers are getting smarter. But so are you.
You do not need a massive IT budget or a full-time security team to strengthen your defenses. Just the right plan, the right tools, and a clear understanding of what matters most.
Upgrading from traditional MFA is not about adding more complexity. It is about making access safer, easier, and more resilient for your team. Passwordless login, phishing-resistant authentication, and adaptive-access methods are well within reach. They are practical next steps that help reduce risk and keep your business moving.
And you do not have to do it alone.
See how Duo can help you protect what matters with simple, strong authentication.
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