Duo integrates with Amazon WorkSpaces to add two-factor authentication to WorkSpaces client logins.
To protect Amazon WorkSpaces logins with Duo you must be using an AD Connector type directory. The AWS Simple AD directory type does not support multifactor authentication.
View your directory in the WorkSpaces Management Console to obtain the Directory IP addresses. You will need them to configure the Duo Authentication Proxy.
You'll also need to enroll your WorkSpaces users in Duo before they can use multifactor authentication.
This application communicates with Duo's service on SSL TCP port 443.
Firewall configurations that restrict outbound access to Duo's service with rules using destination IP addresses or IP address ranges aren't recommended, since these may change over time to maintain our service's high availability. If your organization requires IP-based rules, please review Duo Knowledge Base article 1337.
Effective June 30, 2023, Duo will no longer accept TLS 1.0 or 1.1 connections or support insecure TLS/SSL cipher suites. See Duo Knowledge Base article 7546 for additional guidance.
To integrate Duo with Amazon WorkSpaces, you will need to install a Duo RADIUS authentication proxy service on one or more EC2 instances in an AWS VPC, or on one or more machines in an on-premises environment. Before proceeding, you should locate (or set up) a system on which you will install the Duo Authentication Proxy. The proxy supports Windows and Linux systems (in particular, we recommend Windows Server 2012 R2 or later, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6, CentOS 6, Debian 6, or Amazon Linux 2015.03 or later).
It is highly recommended that you assign a fixed private IP to your Authentication Proxy machine, as the WorkSpaces MFA configuration contacts the RADIUS server by IP address.
Then you'll need to:
The security of your Duo application is tied to the security of your secret key (skey). Secure it as you would any sensitive credential. Don't share it with unauthorized individuals or email it to anyone under any circumstances!
If you will reuse an existing Duo Authentication Proxy server for this new application, you can skip the install steps and go to Configure the Proxy.
The Duo Authentication Proxy can be installed on a physical or virtual host. We recommend a system with at least 1 CPU, 200 MB disk space, and 4 GB RAM (although 1 GB RAM is usually sufficient). See additional Authentication Proxy performance recommendations in the Duo Authentication Proxy Reference.
We do not recommend installing the Duo Authentication Proxy on the same Windows server that acts as your Active Directory domain controller or one with the Network Policy Server (NPS) role. If you must co-locate the Duo Authentication Proxy with these services, be prepared to resolve potential LDAP or RADIUS port conflicts between the Duo service and your pre-existing services.
When installing, you can choose whether or not you want to install the Proxy Manager. The Proxy Manager is a Windows utility that helps you edit the Duo Authentication Proxy configuration, determine the proxy's status, and start or stop the proxy service. Learn more about using the Proxy Manager. Installing the Proxy Manager adds about 100 MB to the installed size.
If you do not want to install the Proxy Manager, you may deselect it on the "Choose Components" installer screen before clicking Install.
To perform a silent install on Windows, issue the following from an elevated command prompt after downloading the installer (replacing version with the actual version you downloaded):
duoauthproxy-version.exe /SAppend /exclude-auth-proxy-manager to install silently without the Proxy Manager:
duoauthproxy-version.exe /S /exclude-auth-proxy-managerEnsure that Perl and a compiler toolchain are installed. On most recent RPM-based distributions — like Fedora, RedHat Enterprise, and CentOS — you can install these by running (as root):
$ yum install gcc make libffi-devel perl zlib-devel diffutilsOn Debian-derived systems, install these dependencies by running (as root):
$ apt-get install build-essential libffi-dev perl zlib1g-devIf SELinux is present on your system and you want the Authentication Proxy installer to build and install its SELinux module, include selinux-policy-devel and chkconfig in the dependencies:
$ yum install gcc make libffi-devel perl zlib-devel diffutils selinux-policy-devel chkconfig$ apt-get install build-essential libffi-dev perl zlib1g-dev selinux-policy-devel chkconfigDownload the most recent Authentication Proxy for Unix from https://dl.duosecurity.com/duoauthproxy-latest-src.tgz. From the command line you can use curl or wget to download the file, like $ wget --content-disposition https://dl.duosecurity.com/duoauthproxy-latest-src.tgz. Depending on your download method, the actual filename may reflect the version e.g. duoauthproxy-5.8.1-src.tgz. View checksums for Duo downloads here.
Extract the Authentication Proxy files and build it as follows:
$ tar xzf duoauthproxy-5.8.1-src.tgz
$ cd duoauthproxy-version-src
$ makeInstall the authentication proxy (as root):
$ cd duoauthproxy-build
$ ./installFollow the prompts to complete the installation. The installer creates a user to run the proxy service and a group to own the log directory and files. You can accept the default user and group names or enter your own.
If SELinux is present on the target server, the Duo installer will ask you if you want to install the Authentication Proxy SELinux module. Your selection affects whether systemd can start the Authentication Proxy after installation.
| SELinux Mode | Default Response | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Enforcing | Yes | Choose 'yes' to install the Authentication Proxy's SELinux module. This permits start of the Authentication Proxy service by systemd. If you choose 'no' then the SELinux module is not installed, and systemd cannot start the Authentication Proxy service. |
| Permissive | No | Choose 'no' to decline install of the Authentication Proxy's SELinux module. The Authentication Proxy service can be started by systemd. However, if you change SELinux from permissive to enforcing mode after installing the Duo proxy, systemd can no longer start the Authentication Proxy service. If you plan to enable SELinux enforcing mode later, you should choose 'yes' to install the Authentication Proxy SELinux module now. |
To install the Duo proxy silently with the default options, use the following command:
sudo ./duoauthproxy-build/install --install-dir /opt/duoauthproxy --service-user duo_authproxy_svc --log-group duo_authproxy_grp --create-init-script yesAppend --enable-selinux=yes|no to the install command to choose whether to install the Authentication Proxy SELinux module.
After the installation completes, you will need to configure the proxy.
The Duo Authentication Proxy configuration file is named authproxy.cfg, and is located in the conf subdirectory of the proxy installation. With default installation paths, the proxy configuration file will be located at:
| Operating System | Authentication Proxy Version |
Path |
|---|---|---|
| Windows | v5.0.0 and later | C:\Program Files\Duo Security Authentication Proxy\conf\authproxy.cfg |
| Windows | v4.0.2 and earlier | C:\Program Files (x86)\Duo Security Authentication Proxy\conf\authproxy.cfg |
| Linux | All | /opt/duoauthproxy/conf/authproxy.cfg |
Note that as of v4.0.0, the default file access on Windows for the conf directory is restricted to the built-in Administrators group during installation.
The configuration file is formatted as a simple INI file. Section headings appear as:
[section]Individual properties beneath a section appear as:
name=valueThe Authentication Proxy may include an existing authproxy.cfg with some example content. For the purposes of these instructions, however, you should delete the existing content and start with a blank text file.
The Duo Authentication Proxy Manager is a Windows utility for managing the Authentication Proxy installation on the Windows server where you install the Authentication Proxy. The Proxy Manager comes with Duo Authentication Proxy for Windows version 5.6.0 and later.
The Proxy Manager cannot manage remote Duo Authentication Proxy servers, nor can you install the Proxy Manager as a stand-alone application. There is no Proxy Manager available for Linux. The Proxy Manager only functions as part of a local Duo Authentication Proxy installation on Windows servers.
Learn more about using the Proxy Manager in the Duo Authentication Proxy Reference before you continue.
To launch the Proxy Manager utility:
%ProgramFiles%\Duo Security Authentication Proxy\conf\authproxy.cfg file for editing.
Use the Proxy Manager editor on the left to make the authproxy.cfg changes in these instructions. As you type into the editor, the Proxy Manager will automatically suggest configuration options. Accepting these suggestions helps make sure you use the correct option syntax.
As you follow the instructions on this page to edit the Authentication Proxy configuration, you can click Validate to verify your changes (output shown on the right).
When you complete the Authentication Proxy configuration steps in this document, you can use the Save button to write your updates to authproxy.cfg, and then use the authproxy.cfg button to start the Authentication Proxy service before continuing on to the next configuration steps.
If you do not use the Proxy Manager to edit your configuration then we recommend using WordPad or another text editor instead of Notepad when editing the config file on Windows.
At the top of your authproxy.cfg, create a [duo_only_client] section. This section has no additional parameters to configure.
[duo_only_client]When using the [duo_only_client] configuration, the Authentication Proxy will ignore primary credentials and perform Duo factor authentication only.
Next, you need to set up the Authentication Proxy to work with your AWS WorkSpaces Directory. To do so, create a radius_server_duo_only section with the following properties:
Required
ikey
|
Your integration key. | ||
skey
|
Your secret key. | ||
api_host
|
Your API hostname (api-XXXXXXXX.duosecurity.com). | ||
radius_ip_1
|
The IP address of your first AWS WorkSpaces Directory Controller. | ||
radius_secret_1
|
A secret to be shared between the proxy and your AWS WorkSpaces Directory. If you're on Windows and would like to encrypt this secret, see Encrypting Passwords in the full Authentication Proxy documentation. | ||
radius_ip_2
|
The IP address of your second AWS WorkSpaces Directory Controller. | ||
radius_secret_2
|
A secret to be shared between the proxy and your AWS WorkSpaces Directory. This secret should be the same as was used for radius_secret_1. If you're on Windows and would like to encrypt this secret, see Encrypting Passwords in the full Authentication Proxy documentation.
|
||
client
|
The mechanism that the Authentication Proxy should use to perform primary authentication. This should correspond with a "client" section elsewhere in the config file.
This parameter is optional if you only have one "client" section. If you have multiple, each "server" section should specify which "client" to use. |
Optional
port
|
The port on which to listen for incoming RADIUS Access Requests. Default: 1812. | ||||
failmode
|
Either "safe" or "secure":
|
A completed config file for AWS WorkSpaces using radius_server_duo_only with no primary authenticator should look something like:
[duo_only_client]
[radius_server_duo_only]
ikey=DIXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
skey=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
api_host=api-XXXXXXXX.duosecurity.com
failmode=safe
radius_ip_1=10.20.10.10
radius_secret_1=theradiussecret
radius_ip_2=10.20.11.10
radius_secret_2=theradiussecret
port=1812Make sure to save your configuration file when done.
View video guides for proxy deployment at the Authentication Proxy Overview or see the Authentication Proxy Reference for additional configuration options.
If you installed the Duo Authentication Proxy Manager utility (available with 5.6.0 and later), click the Start Service button at the top of the Proxy Manager window to start the service.
To start the service from the command line, open an Administrator command prompt and run:
net start DuoAuthProxyAlternatively, open the Windows Services console (services.msc), locate "Duo Security Authentication Proxy Service" in the list of services, and click the Start Service button.
Authentication Proxy v5.1.0 and later includes the authproxyctl executable, which shows the connectivity tool output when starting the service. The installer adds the Authentication Proxy C:\Program Files\Duo Security Authentication Proxy\bin to your system path automatically, so you should not need to specify the full path to authproxyctl to run it.
From an administrator command prompt run:
authproxyctl startIf the service starts successfully, Authentication Proxy service output is written to the authproxy.log file, which can be found in the log subdirectory.
If you see an error saying that the "service could not be started", open the Application Event Viewer and look for an Error from the source "DuoAuthProxy". The traceback may include a "ConfigError" that can help you find the source of the issue.
Stop and restart the Authentication Proxy service by either clicking the Restart Service button in the Duo Authentication Proxy Manager or the Windows Services console or issuing these commands from an Administrator command prompt:
net stop DuoAuthProxy & net start DuoAuthProxyTo stop and restart the Authentication Proxy using authproxyctl, from an administrator command prompt run:
authproxyctl restartOpen a root shell and run:
# /opt/duoauthproxy/bin/authproxyctl startTo ensure the proxy started successfully, run:
# /opt/duoauthproxy/bin/authproxyctl statusAuthentication Proxy service output is written to the authproxy.log file, which can be found in the log subdirectory.
To stop and restart the Authentication Proxy, open a root shell and run:
# /opt/duoauthproxy/bin/authproxyctl restartIf you modify your authproxy.cfg configuration after initial setup, you'll need to stop and restart the Duo Authentication Proxy service or process for your change to take effect.
Ensure that your WorkSpaces directory controllers are able to access your Authentication Proxy server on UDP port 1812 (or whichever port used in the Authentication Proxy configuration). You may need to add an custom incoming UDP/1812 rule for the proxy instance and an outgoing UDP/1812 rule for the directory controller to your VPC Security Groups to allow access. You can either use the security groups from the directory controllers as the source (as shown here), or use the IP addresses defined for the directory in the WorkSpaces console.
Log in to the AWS Console and navigate to WorkSpaces > Directories.
Select the directory where you want to enable multifactor authentication and click Actions > Update Details
On the "Update Directory Details page expand Multi-Factor Authentication.
Check the Enable Multi-Factor Authentication option and enter the following information:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| RADIUS server IP address(es) | Enter the IP address(es) of each Duo Authentication Proxy server (comma-separated). |
| Port | Enter 1812 (or whichever port configured on your Duo Authentication Proxy). |
| Shared secret code | Enter the RADIUS secret shared with your Duo Authentication Proxy. |
| Protocol | Choose PAP. |
| Server timeout (in seconds) | Increase the timeout to 20 seconds. |
| Max retries | Leave at the default setting. |
Click Update and Exit to save the RADIUS server profile. The RADIUS status for the directory will change to Completed.
You can deploy two or more Duo Authentication Proxy servers for use with WorkSpaces MFA to provide a highly-available MFA solution. For example, you can install the Duo proxy service on two instances in different Availability Zones (AZ) and then configure WorkSpaces MFA RADIUS settings to use both of those proxy machines. That way if the first server does not respond WorkSpaces MFA will send the authentication request to the next listed RADIUS IP address.
Repeat the Authentication Proxy installation steps on a second Linux or Windows machine instance. The proxy configuration should be identical to the first one (including the RADIUS secret). Start the Duo Authentication Proxy on the second machine.
In the WorkSpaces Directory MFA configuration, enter the RADIUS server information as shown in the previous section but enter the IP addresses of all your Authentication Proxy machines as a comma-separated list in the "RADIUS server IP address(es)" field.
Launch the WorkSpaces client and enter your primary authentication credentials.
You'll be prompted for additional credentials.
Enter a passcode generated by the Duo Mobile app or a hardware token, or type in the name of an out-of-band factor. You may choose from the following factor names:
| push |
Perform Duo Push authentication You can use Duo Push if you've installed Duo Mobile and activated it for this account. |
| phone | Perform phone callback authentication. |
| sms |
Send a new batch of SMS passcodes Your authentication attempt will be denied. You can then try authenticating again with one of the newly-delivered passcodes. |
You can also specify a number after the factor name if you have more than one device enrolled. So you can enter phone2 or push2 if you have two phones enrolled.
Need some help? Review troubleshooting tips for the Authentication Proxy and try the connectivity tool included with Duo Authentication Proxy 2.9.0 and later to discover and troubleshoot general connectivity issues.
Also take a look at our Amazon WorkSpaces Knowledge Base articles or Community discussions. For further assistance, contact Support.
