Duo Two-Factor Authentication for Shibboleth Identity Provider

Shibboleth versions 3.3 and later include a supported Duo authentication plugin (DuoAuthnConfiguration). Shibboleth 4.1 and later use a new plugin mechanism, with an updated Duo plugin (DuoOIDCAuthnConfiguration) available which supports the Duo Universal Prompt.

The Duo Shibboleth authentication plugin performs a second factor authentication after primary authentication, so you will need a working service provider configured with Shibboleth before continuing.

The URL for accessing Shibboleth must be a valid HTTPS URL and port, using an RFC-1034-compliant hostname (not an IP address), with a maximum length of 1024 characters.

First Steps

Before starting:

1. Sign up for a Duo account.

2. Log in to the Duo Admin Panel and navigate to Applications → Application Catalog.

3. Locate the entry for Shibboleth with the "2FA" label in the catalog. Click the + Add button to create the application, and get your Client ID, Client secret, and API hostname. You'll need this information to complete your setup. See Protecting Applications for more information about protecting applications with Duo and additional application options.
   
   

   Previously, the Client ID was called the "Integration key" and the Client secret was called the "Secret key".

   Treat your secret key like a password

   The security of your Duo application is tied to the security of your secret key (skey). Secure it as you would any sensitive credential. Don't share it with unauthorized individuals or email it to anyone under any circumstances!

4. No users can log in to new applications until you grant access. Update the User access setting to grant access to this application to users in selected Duo groups, or to all users. Learn more about user access to applications. If you do not change this setting now, be sure to update it so that your test user has access before you test your setup.

Duo Universal Prompt

The Duo Universal Prompt provides a simplified and accessible Duo login experience for web-based applications, offering a redesigned visual interface with security and usability enhancements.

Universal Prompt	Traditional Prompt

For Shibboleth applications created before March 2024, migration to Universal Prompt is a three-step process:

1. Install an update for the Shibboleth application, which implements a redirect to Duo during authentication to support the Universal Prompt.
2. Authenticate with Duo 2FA using the updated application so that Duo makes the Universal Prompt activation setting available in the Admin Panel. This first authentication after updating shows the traditional Duo prompt in a redirect instead of an iframe.
3. From the Duo Admin Panel, activate the Universal Prompt experience for users of that Duo Shibboleth application if the traditional prompt is still selected. Once activated, all users of the application see the Duo Universal Prompt in a redirect.

If you created your Shibboleth application before March 2024, it's a good idea to read the Universal Prompt Update Guide for more information, about the update process and the new login experience for users, before you activate the Universal Prompt for your application.

New Shibboleth Applications

When you install the latest version of Shibboleth you're ready to use the Universal Prompt. Shibboleth applications created after March 2024 have the Universal Prompt activated by default. If you're configuring Shibboleth now, proceed with the installation instructions in this document.

The "Universal Prompt" area of the application details page shows that this application is "Activation complete", with these activation control options:

• Show traditional prompt: Your users experience Duo's traditional prompt via redirect when logging in to this application.
• Show new Universal Prompt: (Default) Your users experience the Universal Prompt via redirect when logging in to this application.

Existing Shibboleth Applications

Shibboleth needs a software update installed to support the Universal Prompt. The "Universal Prompt" section of your existing Shibboleth application reflects this status as "Update required". To update Shibboleth application to a newer version, follow the update directions below.

Once a user authenticates to Shibboleth via the updated Duo application, the "Universal Prompt" section of the Shibboleth application page reflects this status as "Ready to activate", with these activation control options:

• Show traditional prompt: (Default) Your users experience Duo's traditional prompt via redirect when logging in to this application.
• Show new Universal Prompt: Your users experience the Universal Prompt via redirect when logging in to this application.

In addition, the "Integration key" and "Secret key" property labels for the application update to "Client ID" and "Client secret" respectively. The values for these properties remain the same.

Activate Universal Prompt

Activation of the Universal Prompt is a per-application change. Activating it for one application does not change the login experience for your other Duo applications.

Enable the Universal Prompt experience by selecting Show new Universal Prompt, and then scrolling to the bottom of the page to click Save.

Once you activate the Universal Prompt, the application's Universal Prompt status shows "Activation Complete" here and on the Universal Prompt Update Progress report.

Should you ever want to roll back to the traditional prompt, you can return to this setting and change it back to Show traditional prompt. However, this will still deliver the Duo prompt via redirect, not in an iframe. Keep in mind that support for the traditional Duo prompt ended for the majority of applications in March 2024.

Universal Update Progress

Click the See Update Progress link to view the Universal Prompt Update Progress report. This report shows the update availability and migration progress for all your Duo applications. You can also activate the new prompt experience for multiple supported applications from the report page instead of visiting the individual details pages for each application.

Configure Shibboleth

Shibboleth 4.1 is the first release with support for Duo Universal Prompt. After installing Shibboleth 4.1 or later, configure the DuoOIDCAuthnConfiguration authentication plugin within Shibboleth, using the application information from the First Steps instructions above.

Grant Access to Users

If you did not already grant user access to the Duo users you want to use this application be sure to do that before inviting or requiring them to log in with Duo.

Update Shibboleth

If you are running Shibboleth versions below 4.1, you'll need to upgrade your Shibboleth installation to version 4.1 or later to be able to use the Universal Prompt. Consult the Shibboleth upgrade documentation for more information about planning your upgrade, and use the DuoOIDCAuthnConfiguration authentication plugin instructions to configure Duo after your Shibboleth upgrade.

After upgrading, authenticate once with the DuoOIDCAuthnConfiguration authentication plugin, which will show the traditional Duo Prompt in a redirect instead of the iframe. After that you can activate Universal Prompt for your application.

Troubleshooting

Need some help? Take a look at the Shibboleth Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) page or try searching our Shibboleth Knowledge Base articles or Community discussions. For further assistance, contact Support.

Network Diagram

1. Application or Service connection initiated
2. Primary authentication
3. Client connection established to Duo Security over TCP port 443
4. Secondary authentication via Duo Security’s service
5. Shibboleth client receives authentication response.
6. Application or Service session logged in