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Duo Admin API

Last Updated: December 9th, 2024

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The Duo Admin API provides programmatic access to the administrative functionality of Duo Security's two-factor authentication platform.

Overview

Duo Admin API is automatically available to paying Duo Premier, Duo Advantage, and Duo Essentials plan customers and new customers with an Advantage or Premier trial. Learn how to sign up for a Duo account and receive a free 30-day Duo Advantage trial.

The Admin API lets developers integrate with Duo Security's platform at a low level. The API has methods for creating, retrieving, updating, and deleting the core objects in Duo's system: users, phones, hardware tokens, admins, and integrations.

Developers can write applications that programmatically read their Duo account's authentication logs, administrator logs, and telephony logs; read or update account settings; and retrieve reports and other information.

Review the API Details to see how to construct your first API request.

Are you a software vendor looking to integrate Duo into your application? Join our free Duo Technology Partner Program for developer accounts, joint marketing support, and more!

About the Admin API

Documented properties will not be removed within a stable version of the API. Once a given API endpoint is documented to return a given property, a property with that name will always appear (although certain properties may only appear under certain conditions, like if the customer is using a specific edition). When Duo deprecates a property, the API continues to accept that property in requests, although it no longer has any effect.

Properties that enumerate choices may gain new values at any time, e.g. the device platform value could return new device platforms that did not previously exist. Duo may cease to return legacy values for properties as well. Duo will update our API documentation with changes to property values in a timely fashion, adding new property values or indicating changes to existing property values.

New, undocumented properties may also appear at any time. For instance, Duo may make available a beta feature involving extra information returned by an API endpoint. Until the property is documented here its format may change or it may even be entirely removed from our API.

We have started implementing v2 handlers for endpoints. In these cases, the API v1 handler remains supported, but will be limited or deprecated in the future. We encourage use of the v2 endpoints where available and recommend migrating existing API implementations to the v2 handlers.

Please note that all Unix timestamps are in seconds, except where noted.

First Steps

Role required: Owner

Note that only administrators with the Owner role can create or modify an Admin API application in the Duo Admin Panel.

  1. Sign up for a Duo account if you aren't already a customer. Your free 30-day Duo Advantage trial includes Admin API access.

  2. Log in to the Duo Admin Panel and navigate to Applications → Protect an Application.

  3. Locate the entry for Admin API in the applications list. Click Protect to the far-right to configure the application and get your integration key, secret key, and API hostname. You'll need this information to complete your setup. See Protecting Applications for more information about protecting applications with Duo and additional application options.

    Treat your secret key like a password
    The security of your Duo application is tied to the security of your secret key (skey). Secure it as you would any sensitive credential. Don't share it with unauthorized individuals or email it to anyone under any circumstances!

  • Determine the permissions you want to grant to this Admin API application. Refer to the API endpoint descriptions throughout this document for information about required permissions for operations.

    Permission Details
    Grant administrators - Read The Admin API application can read information about Duo administrators and administrative units.
    Grant administrators - Write The Admin API application can read, add, modify, and delete information about Duo administrators and administrative units.
    Grant read information The Admin API application can read information about the Duo customer account's utilization.
    Grant applications The Admin API application can add, modify, and delete applications (referred to as "integrations" in the API), including permissions on itself or other Admin API applications.
    Grant settings The Admin API application can read and change global Duo account settings.
    Grant read log The Admin API application can read authentication, offline access, telephony, and administrator action log information.
    Grant resource - Read The Admin API application can read information about resource objects such as end users, policies, and devices.
    Grant resource - Write The Admin API application can create, update, and delete resource objects such as end users, policies, and devices.
    Grant set Admin API permissions The Admin API application can add or remove the permissions listed above via API for other Admin API applications. When this permission is not granted, permissions for an Admin API application must be set from the Duo Admin Panel.

  • Optionally specify which IP addresses or ranges are allowed to use this Admin API application in Networks for API Access. If you do not specify any IP addresses or ranges, this Admin API application may be accessed from any network.

    The Admin API performs the IP check after verifying the authentication signature in a request. If you restrict the allowed networks for API access and see logged events for blocked Admin API requests from unrecognized IP addresses, this may indicate compromise of your Admin API application's secret key.

    • Connectivity Requirements

    This application communicates with Duo's service on SSL TCP port 443.

    Firewall configurations that restrict outbound access to Duo's service with rules using destination IP addresses or IP address ranges aren't recommended, since these may change over time to maintain our service's high availability. If your organization requires IP-based rules, please review Duo Knowledge Base article 1337.

    Effective June 30, 2023, Duo no longer supports TLS 1.0 or 1.1 connections or insecure TLS/SSL cipher suites. See Duo Knowledge Base article 7546 for additional guidance.

    API Clients

    Duo Security has demonstration clients available on GitHub to call the Duo API methods.

    API Details

    Base URL

    All API methods use your API hostname, https://api-XXXXXXXX.duosecurity.com. Obtain this value from the Duo Admin Panel and use it exactly as shown there.

    Methods always use HTTPS. Unsecured HTTP is not supported.

    Request Format

    All requests must have "Authorization" and "Date" headers.

    If the request method is GET or DELETE, URL-encode parameters and send them in the URL query string like this: /admin/v1/users?realname=First%20Last&username=root. They still go on a separate line when creating the string to sign for an Authorization header.

    Send parameters for POST requests in the body as URL-encoded key-value pairs (the same request format used by browsers to submit form data). The header "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" must also be present.

    When URL-encoding, all bytes except ASCII letters, digits, underscore ("_"), period ("."), tilde ("~"), and hyphen ("-") are replaced by a percent sign ("%") followed by two hexadecimal digits containing the value of the byte. For example, a space is replaced with "%20" and an at-sign ("@") becomes "%40". Use only upper-case A through F for hexadecimal digits.

    A request with parameters, as a complete URL, would look like this: https://api-XXXXXXXX.duosecurity.com/admin/v1/users?realname=First%20Last&username=root.

    Response Format

    Responses are formatted as a JSON object with a top-level stat key.

    Successful responses will have a stat value of "OK" and a response key. The response will either be a single object or a sequence of other JSON types, depending on which endpoint is called.

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "key": "value"
  }
}

    Values are returned as strings unless otherwise documented.

    Unsuccessful responses will have a stat value of "FAIL", an integer code, and a message key that further describes the failure. A message_detail key may be present if additional information is available (like the specific parameter that caused the error). 

    {
  "stat": "FAIL",
  "code": 40002,
  "message": "Invalid request parameters",
  "message_detail": "username"
}

    The HTTP response code will be the first three digits of the more specific code found inside the JSON object. Each endpoint's documentation lists HTTP response codes it can return. Additionally, all API endpoints that require a signed request can return the following HTTP response codes:

    Response Meaning
    200 The request completed successfully.
    401 The "Authorization", "Date", and/or "Content-Type" headers were missing or invalid.
    403

    This integration is not authorized for this endpoint or the ikey was created for a different integration type (for example, using an Auth API ikey with Admin API endpoints).
    405 The request's HTTP verb is not valid for this endpoint (for example, POST when only GET is supported).
    429 The account has made too many requests of this type recently. Try again later.

    Response Paging

    Some API endpoints return a paged list of results on GET, up to the API endpoint's limit, or maximum results per page.

    A successful response when the total results exceed the endpoint's default page size will include a metadata section with information about the total number of objects found and the results returned in the paged response. If the request returns no paging metadata, then either the endpoint does not support paged results or the total results do not exceed one page.

    Specifying incorrect paging parameters results in a 400 invalid parameters response.

    Metadata Information Description
    total_objects

    An integer indicating the total number of objects retrieved by the API request across all pages of results.
    next_offset

    An integer indicating The offset from 0 at which to start the next paged set of results.

    If not present in the metadata response, then there are no more pages of results left.
    prev_offset

    An integer indicating the offset from 0 at which the previous paged set of results started. If you did not specify next_offset in the request, this defaults to 0 (the beginning of the results).

    Use the metadata information returned to change the paging parameters for your request.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned in a paged set of results.

    Each endpoint that supports paged results has its own limit settings, specified like "Default: 100; Max: 300".

    If a request specifies a value greater than the endpoint's maximum limit, max value is used.
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    To retrieve the full set of results for a request with paged results, repeat the call, specifying the offset parameter value, until there are no more results (indicated by the absence of next_offset).

    Paging Metadata Examples:

    The metadata response will look like these examples except where noted for an individual API endpoint.

    This metadata information indicates that there are 951 total objects returned by that endpoint, and no offset or limit was specified so the response set defaulted to the first 100 objects:

    {
    "metadata": {
        "next_offset": 100,
        "prev_offset": 0,
        "total_objects": 951
    }

    This metadata information indicates that the request specified offset=500 limit=200, so the response set was objects 500-699:

    {
    "metadata": {
        "next_offset": 700,
        "prev_offset": 300,
        "total_objects": 11318
    }

    This metadata information indicates that there are 2342 total objects, and the request specified offset=2300 and used that endpoint's default limit of 100, so the response set was the end of the list (objects 2300-2342):

    {
    "metadata": {
        "prev_offset": 2200,
        "total_objects": 2342
    }

    Authentication

    The API uses HTTP Basic Authentication to authenticate requests. Use your Duo application's integration key as the HTTP Username.

    Generate the HTTP Password as an HMAC signature of the request. This will be different for each request and must be re-generated each time.

    To construct the signature, first build an ASCII string from your request, using the following components:

    Component Description Example
    date The current time, formatted as RFC 2822. This must be the same string as the "Date" header. Tue, 21 Aug 2012 17:29:18 -0000
    method The HTTP method (uppercase) POST
    host Your API hostname (lowercase) api-xxxxxxxx.duosecurity.com
    path

    The specific API method's path

    		 /admin/v1/users
    params

    The URL-encoded list of key=value pairs, lexicographically sorted by key. These come from the request parameters (the URL query string for GET and DELETE requests or the request body for POST requests).

    If the request does not have any parameters one must still include a blank line in the string that is signed.

    Do not encode unreserved characters. Use upper-case hexadecimal digits A through F in escape sequences.

    An example params list:

    realname=First%20Last&username=root

    Then concatenate these components with (line feed) newlines. For example:

    Tue, 21 Aug 2012 17:29:18 -0000
POST
api-xxxxxxxx.duosecurity.com
/admin/v1/users
realname=First%20Last&username=root

    GET requests also use this five-line format:

    Tue, 21 Aug 2012 17:29:18 -0000
GET
api-xxxxxxxx.duosecurity.com
/admin/v1/users
username=root

    Lastly, compute the HMAC-SHA1 of this canonical representation, using your Duo Admin API application's secret key as the HMAC key. Send this signature as hexadecimal ASCII (i.e. not raw binary data). Use HTTP Basic Authentication for the request, using your integration key as the username and the HMAC-SHA1 signature as the password. Signature validation is case-insensitive, so the signature may be upper or lowercase.

    For example, here are the headers for the above POST request to api-XXXXXXXX.duosecurity.com/admin/v1/users, using DIWJ8X6AEYOR5OMC6TQ1 as the integration key and Zh5eGmUq9zpfQnyUIu5OL9iWoMMv5ZNmk3zLJ4Ep as the secret key:

    Date: Tue, 21 Aug 2012 17:29:18 -0000
Authorization: Basic RElXSjhYNkFFWU9SNU9NQzZUUTE6YzFlZjQzNzY3YzNlYjNiMzI1OGRiZGRjYTZmOGQwOTQxZTA4NWI5Mg==
Host: api-XXXXXXXX.duosecurity.com
Content-Length: 35
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

    Separate HTTP request header lines with CRLF newlines.

    The following Python function can be used to construct the "Authorization" and "Date" headers:

    import base64, email.utils, hmac, hashlib, urllib
  ​ ​
def sign(method, host, path, params, skey, ikey):
    """
    Return HTTP Basic Authentication ("Authorization" and "Date") headers.
    method, host, path: strings from request
    params: dict of request parameters
    skey: secret key
    ikey: integration key
    """
  ​
    # create canonical string
    now = email.utils.formatdate()
    canon = [now, method.upper(), host.lower(), path]
    args = []
    for key in sorted(params.keys()):
        val = params[key].encode("utf-8")
        args.append(
            '%s=%s' % (urllib.parse.
                       quote(key, '~'), urllib.parse.quote(val, '~')))
    canon.append('&'.join(args))
    canon = '\n'.join(canon)
  ​
    # sign canonical string
    sig = hmac.new(bytes(skey, encoding='utf-8'),
                   bytes(canon, encoding='utf-8'),
                   hashlib.sha1)
    auth = '%s:%s' % (ikey, sig.hexdigest())
  ​
    # return headers
    return {'Date': now, 'Authorization': 'Basic %s' % base64.b64encode(bytes(auth, encoding="utf-8")).decode()}
    import base64, email, hmac, hashlib, urllib

def sign(method, host, path, params, skey, ikey):
    """
    Return HTTP Basic Authentication ("Authorization" and "Date") headers.
    method, host, path: strings from request
    params: dict of request parameters
    skey: secret key
    ikey: integration key
    """

    # create canonical string
    now = email.Utils.formatdate()
    canon = [now, method.upper(), host.lower(), path]
    args = []
    for key in sorted(params.keys()):
        val = params[key]
        if isinstance(val, unicode):
            val = val.encode("utf-8")
        args.append(
            '%s=%s' % (urllib.quote(key, '~'), urllib.quote(val, '~')))
    canon.append('&'.join(args))
    canon = '\n'.join(canon)

    # sign canonical string
    sig = hmac.new(skey, canon, hashlib.sha1)
    auth = '%s:%s' % (ikey, sig.hexdigest())

    # return headers
    return {'Date': now, 'Authorization': 'Basic %s' % base64.b64encode(auth)}

    If you receive 401 error responses to your API requests, check the following:

    • Is the Authorization header correctly formatted? If not, you may receive a 40101 error.
    • Does your framework override the Date header? The HTTP Date: header must be exactly the same string as was signed. This could result in a 40103 error.
    • Are the Date and time zone used RFC 3339 compliant?? If not, you may get a 40104 or 40105 response.
    • Are the parameters lexicographically sorted?
    • Did you include a line for parameters when constructing the signature, even if you're not passing in any parameters?
    • Are any hex digits lower-case?
    • Are the Content-Length and Content-Type parameters correct? If not, your parameters may be ignored or you may receive a 40103 response because your signature considered parameters that the service didn't receive.

    Users

    Retrieve Users

    Returns a paged list of users. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. If username is not provided, the list will contain all users. If username is provided, the list will either contain a single user (if a match was found) or no users. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/users

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 300
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0
    usernames Deprecated

    Retrieve specific users by specifying up to 100 usernames values.

    List format:

    usernames=cjones&usernames=mwong&...etc.

    Ignores other paging parameters when used.
    user_ids Deprecated

    Retrieve specific users by specifying up to 100 user_ids values.

    List format:

    user_ids=DUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA&user_ids=DUBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB&...etc.

    Ignores other paging parameters when used.
    user_id_list Optional

    A list of user ids used to fetch multiple users by user_id. You can provide up to 100 user_id values.

    If you provide this parameter, you must not provide the username, email or user_name_list parameters. The limit and offset parameters will be ignored.

    Must be a JSON serialized array.
    username_list Optional

    A list of usernames used to fetch multiple users by username. You can provide up to 100 usernames.

    If you provide this parameter, you must not provide the username, email or user_name_list parameters. The limit and offset parameters will be ignored.

    Must be a JSON serialized array.
    Parameter Required? Description
    username Optional Specify a user name (or username alias) to look up a single user.
    email Optional Specify an email address to look up a single user.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a list of users.
    400 Invalid parameters.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    alias1...4

    The user's username alias(es). Values included for backwards compatibility and reflect the same information as aliases.
    aliases

    Map of the user's username alias(es). Up to eight aliases may exist.
    created

    The user's creation date as a Unix timestamp.
    directory_key

    The key for the directory sync that manages the user. Only returned for users managed by a directory sync.
    email

    The user's email address.
    enable_auto_prompt

    If true, the user is automatically prompted to use their last-used authentication method when authenticating. If false, the user is shown a list of authentication methods to initiate authentication. Only effective in the Universal Prompt.
    external_id

    The user's unique identifier imported by a directory sync. This is the id if the user is synced from Entra ID or object_guid if the user is synced from Active Directory. Not returned for users managed by OpenLDAP sync or users not managed by a directory sync.
    firstname

    Legacy parameter; returns no value. The user's given name.
    groups

    List of groups to which this user belongs. See Retrieve Groups for response info.
    is_enrolled

    Is true if the user has a phone, hardware token, U2F token, WebAuthn security key, or other WebAuthn method available for authentication. Otherwise, false.
    last_directory_sync

    An integer indicating the last update to the user via directory sync as a Unix timestamp, or null if the user has never synced with an external directory or if the directory that originally created the user has been deleted from Duo.
    last_login

    An integer indicating the last time this user logged in, as a Unix timestamp, or null if the user has not logged in.
    lastname

    Legacy parameter; returns no value. The user's surname.
    lockout_reason

    The user's lockout_reason. One of:

    Reason Description
    "Failed Attempts" The user was locked out due to excessive authentication attempts.
    "Not enrolled" The user was locked out due to being not enrolled for a given period of time after the user was created.
    "Admin disabled" The user was locked out by an admin from Duo Trust Monitor.
    "Admin API disabled" The user's status was set to "locked out" by Admin API.
    notes

    Notes about this user. Viewable in the Duo Admin Panel.
    phones

    A list of phones that this user can use. See Retrieve Phones for descriptions of the phone response values.
    realname

    The user's real name (or full name). This is the "Display Name" shown in the Admin Panel.
    status

    The user's status. One of:

    Status Description
    "active" The user must complete secondary authentication.
    "bypass" The user will bypass secondary authentication after completing primary authentication.
    "disabled" The user will not be able to log in.
    "locked out" The user has been locked out due to a specific reason stored in the “lockout_reason” field.
    "pending deletion" The user was marked for deletion by a Duo admin from the Admin Panel, by the system for inactivity, or by directory sync. If not restored within seven days the user is permanently deleted.

    Note that when a user is a member of a group, the group status may override the individual user's status. Group status is not shown in the user response.
    tokens

    A list of tokens that this user can use. See Retrieve Hardware Tokens for descriptions of the response values.
    u2f_tokens

    A list of U2F tokens that this user can use. U2F tokens were deprecated in Duo in February 2022.

    Key Value
    date_added The date the U2F token was registered in Duo.
    registration_id The U2F token's registration identifier. Use with GET token by ID.
    user_id

    The user's ID.
    username

    The user's username.
    webauthncredentials

    A list of WebAuthn authenticators that this user can use. See Retrieve WebAuthn Credentials by User ID for descriptions of the response values.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    {
      "alias1": "joe.smith",
      "alias2": "jsmith@example.com",
      "alias3": null,
      "alias4": null,
      "aliases": {
        "alias1": "joe.smith",
        "alias2": "jsmith@example.com"
      },
      "created": 1489612729,
      "directory_key": "DABC0DEFGHIJKLMNOPQR",
      "email": "jsmith@example.com",
      "enable_auto_prompt": true,
      "external_id": "1a2345b6-7cd8-9e0f-g1hi-23j45kl6m789",
      "firstname": "",
      "groups": [
        {
        "desc": "People with hardware tokens",
        "group_id": "DGBDKSSH37KSJ373JKSU",
        "mobile_otp_enabled": false,
        "name": "token_users",
        "push_enabled": false,
        "sms_enabled": false,
        "status": "Active",
        "voice_enabled": false  
        }
      ],
      "is_enrolled": true,
      "last_directory_sync": 1508789163,
      "last_login": 1343921403,
      "lastname": "",
      "lockout_reason": null,
      "notes": "",
      "phones": [
        {
        "activated": true,
        "capabilities": [
          "auto",
          "push",
          "sms",
          "phone",
          "mobile_otp"
        ],
        "encrypted": "Encrypted",
        "extension": "",
        "fingerprint": "Configured",
        "last_seen": "2019-11-18T15:51:13",
        "model": "Apple iPhone 11 Pro",
        "name": "My iPhone",
        "number": "15555550100",
        "phone_id": "DPFZRS9FB0D46QFTM899",
        "platform": "Apple iOS",
        "postdelay": "0",
        "predelay": "0",
        "screenlock": "Locked",
        "sms_passcodes_sent": true,
        "tampered": "Not tampered",
        "type": "Mobile"
        }
      ],
      "realname": "Joe Smith",
      "status": "active",
      "tokens": [
        {
        "serial": "123456",
        "token_id": "DHIZ34ALBA2445ND4AI2",
        "type": "d1"
        }
      ],
      "u2ftokens": [],
      "user_id": "DU3RP9I2WOC59VZX672N",
      "username": "jsmith",
      "webauthncredentials": [
        {
        "credential_name": "Touch ID",
        "date_added": 1550685154,
        "label": "Touch ID",
        "webauthnkey": "WABFEOE007ZMV1QAZTRB"
        },
        {
        "credential_name": "YubiKey C",
        "date_added": 1550674764,
        "label": "Security Key",
        "webauthnkey": "WA4BD9AUVMSNUFWZGES4"
        }
      ],
    },
    {
      "alias1": "chris.jones",
      "alias2": "cjones@example.com",
      "alias3": null,
      "alias4": null,
      "aliases": {
        "alias1": "chris.jones",
        "alias2": "cjones@example.com"
      },
      "created": 1489612829,
      "email": "cjones@example.com",
      "enable_auto_prompt": false,
      "firstname": "",
      "groups": [],
      "is_enrolled": true,
      "last_directory_sync": null,
      "last_login": 1343821403,
      "lastname": "",
      "notes": "",
      "phones": [
        {
        "activated": true,
        "capabilities": [
          "auto",
          "push",
          "sms",
          "phone",
          "mobile_otp"
        ],
        "encrypted": "Encrypted",
        "extension": "",
        "fingerprint": "Configured",
        "last_seen": "2019-11-19T15:51:13",
        "model": "Google Pixel 3",
        "name": "Pixel3",
        "number": "15555550200",
        "phone_id": "DPFZRS9FB0D46QFTP00L",
        "platform": "Google Android",
        "postdelay": "0",
        "predelay": "0",
        "screenlock": "Locked",
        "sms_passcodes_sent": false,
        "tampered": "Not tampered",
        "type": "Mobile"
        }
      ],
      "realname": "Chris Jones",
      "status": "active",
      "tokens": [],
      "u2ftokens": [],
      "user_id": "DU3RP9I2WOC59VZXJ05H",
      "username": "cjones",
      "webauthncredentials": [
        {
        "credential_name": "YubiKey",
        "date_added": 1550564764,
        "label": "yubikey",
        "webauthnkey": "WA4BD9AUVMSNUFWZJ05H"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

    Create User

    Create a new user with the specified username. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/users

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    username Required

    The name of the user to create.
    alias1...4 Optional

    A username alias for the user. Up to four aliases may be specified with this parameter. Aliases must be unique amongst users. This parameter maintained for backwards compatibility. Mutually exclusive with aliases.
    aliases Optional

    Username aliases for the user. Up to eight aliases may be specified with this parameter as a set of URL-encoded key-value pairs e.g. alias1=joe.smith&alias2=jsmith@example.com. Ignores alias position values not specified. Aliases must be unique amongst users. Mutually exclusive with alias1...4.
    realname Optional

    The user's real name (or full name). This is the "Display Name" shown in the Admin Panel.
    email Optional

    The email address of this user.
    enable_auto_prompt Optional

    If set to 0, the user will be shown a list of authentication methods to initiate authentication. If set to 1, the user will be automatically prompted to use their last-used authentication method. Only effective in the Universal Prompt. Default: 1.
    status Optional The user's status. One of:
    Status Description
    "active" The user must complete secondary authentication. This is the default value if no status is specified.
    "bypass" The user will bypass secondary authentication after completing primary authentication.
    "disabled" The user will not be able to complete secondary authentication.
    notes Optional

    An optional description or notes field. Can be viewed in the Duo Admin Panel.
    firstname Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified. The user's given name.
    lastname Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified. The user's surname.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns the newly created user.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, or user already exists with the given username.

    Response Format

    Returns the new single user object. Refer to Retrieve Users for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response":{
    "alias1": null,
    "alias2": null,
    "alias3": null,
    "alias4": null,
    "aliases": {},
    "created": 1657222760,
    "email": "jperez@example.com",
    "enable_auto_prompt": true,
    "firstname": "",
    "groups": [],
    "is_enrolled": false,
    "last_directory_sync": null,
    "last_login": null,
    "lastname": "",
    "lockout_reason": null,
    "notes": "",
    "phones": [],
    "realname": "Juan Perez",
    "status": "active",
    "tokens": [],
    "u2ftokens": [],
    "user_id": "DU0W79YFWZAJWJV6P00L",
    "username": "jperez",
    "webauthncredentials": []
  }
}

    Create Multiple Users

    Create multiple users at once. If one user fails to add, the entire operation fails. You can create a maximum of 100 users per request at a rate limit of 50 calls per minute. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/users/bulk_create

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    users Yes

    Must be a serialized JSON list of objects, each of which contains information for a new user. For more information, see the list of user object attributes.

    User Object Attributes

    Parameter Required? Description
    username Yes

    Username of the user to create.
    realname No

    The user's real name (or full name). This is the "Display Name" shown in the Admin Panel.
    email No

    The email address of this user.
    status No The user's status. One of:
    Status Description
    "active" The user must complete secondary authentication. This is the default value if no status is specified.
    "bypass" The user will bypass secondary authentication after completing primary authentication.
    "disabled" The user will not be able to complete secondary authentication.
    notes No

    An optional description or notes field. Can be viewed in the Duo Admin Panel.
    firstname No

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified. The user's given name.
    lastname No

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified. The user's surname.

    Response Format

    Returns a list of response objects, one for each operation provided. The response format for each operation will follow the same format as that of the corresponding single-operation endpoint for that operation. For example, a Create User operation will receive a response in the format described in Create User.

    Note that it is possible for some operations to fail while others succeed. The list of responses can include both successful responses as well as unsuccessful responses due to invalid parameters or rate limiting.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns the list of newly created users.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, or user already exists for the given username provided.
    429 Rate limited.

    Example Request

    Here’s a sample python script that uses the admin api client to call out to the new endpoint. Note that the “users” param is a JSON serialized string.

    {
#!/usr/bin/python
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import print_function
import pprint
import sys
import json

import duo_client
from six.moves import input

# Configuration and information about objects to create.
admin_api = duo_client.Admin(
    ikey='DIWJ8X6AEYOR5OMC6TQ1',
    skey='Zh5eGmUq9zpfQnyUIu5OL9iWoMMv5ZNmk3zLJ4Ep',
    host='api-XXXXXXXX.duosecurity.com',
    ca_certs='DISABLE'
)

response = admin_api.json_api_call(
    'POST',
    '/admin/v1/users/bulk_create',
    {
        'users': json.dumps([
            {
                'username': 'example_username_1',
                'email': 'example_user_1@example.com'
            },
            {
                'username': 'example_username_2',
                'status': 'disabled'
            }
        ])
    }
)

pprint.pprint(response)
}

    Example Response

    Here’s the output from running the above script. Note that the shape of the user objects returned here is consistent with the shape returned from other Admin API user operations (e.g. creating a single user). The returned users will be in the same order that they were received. 

    {
  "[{'alias1': None,
  'alias2': None,
  'alias3': None,
  'alias4': None,
  'aliases': {},
  'created': 1677770740,
  'email': 'example_user_1@example.com',
  'firstname': None,
  'groups': [],
  'is_enrolled': False,
  'last_directory_sync': None,
  'last_login': None,
  'lastname': None,
  'lockout_reason': "null",
  'notes': '',
  'phones': [],
  'realname': '',
  'status': 'active',
  'tokens': [],
  'u2ftokens': [],
  'user_id': 'DUVI0UT8SKB5P70WG42Z',
  'username': 'example_username_1',
  'webauthncredentials': []},
 {'alias1': None,
  'alias2': None,
  'alias3': None,
  'alias4': None,
  'aliases': {},
  'created': 1677770740,
  'email': '',
  'firstname': None,
  'groups': [],
  'is_enrolled': False,
  'last_directory_sync': None,
  'last_login': None,
  'lastname': None,
  'notes': '',
  'phones': [],
  'realname': '',
  'status': 'disabled',
  'tokens': [],
  'u2ftokens': [],
  'user_id': 'DU2X1VOO31O10F2ZNF43',
  'username': 'example_username_2',
  'webauthncredentials': []}]
  }
}

    Restore Multiple Users from Trash

    Restore multiple users from the Trash at once. If one user fails to restore, the entire operation fails. You can restore a maximum of 100 users per request at a rate limit of 50 calls per minute. Restoring users from the Trash doesn't change the user's status. Restored users still have a "disabled" status and can't log in. Refer to Restoring Users from Trash for more information. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/users/bulk_restore

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    user_id_list Yes

    A list of users to restore from the Trash by user_id. You can provide up to 100 user_id values.

    Response Format

    Returns a string indicating how many users were restored from the Trash.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns the number of users restored from the Trash.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, or more than 100 user_ids provided.

    Example Response

    
{
    "response": "Restored 2 users from the trash",
    "stat": "OK"
}

    Send Multiple Users to Trash

    Send multiple users to Trash. Once a user is in the Trash, the user is pending deletion for 7 days before being permanently deleted. Refer to Deleting and Restoring Users for more information.

    POST /admin/v1/users/bulk_send_to_trash

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    user_id_list Yes

    A list of users to send to the Trash by user_id. You can provide up to 100 user_id values.

    Response Format

    Returns a string with the number of users sent to the Trash.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a string with the number of users sent to the Trash.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, or more than 100 user_ids provided.

    Example Response

    
{
    "response": "Sent 2 users to the trash.",
    "stat": "OK"
}

    Retrieve User by ID

    Return the single user with user_id. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/users/[user_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No user was found with the given user_id.

    Response Format

    Returns a single user object. Refer to Retrieve Users for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "alias1": "joe.smith",
    "alias2": "jsmith@example.com",
    "alias3": null,
    "alias4": null,
    "aliases": {
      "alias1": "joe.smith",
      "alias2": "jsmith@example.com"
    },
    "created": 1489612729,
    "directory_key": "DABC0DEFGHIJKLMNOPQR",
    "email": "jsmith@example.com",
    "enable_auto_prompt": true,
    "external_id": "1a2345b6-7cd8-9e0f-g1hi-23j45kl6m789",
    "firstname": "",
    "groups": [
      {
      "desc": "People with hardware tokens",
      "group_id": "DGBDKSSH37KSJ373JKSU",
      "mobile_otp_enabled": false,
      "name": "token_users",
      "push_enabled": false,
      "sms_enabled": false,
      "status": "Active",
      "voice_enabled": false  
      }
    ],
    "is_enrolled": true,
    "last_directory_sync": 1508789163,
    "last_login": 1343921403,
    "lastname": "",
    "lockout_reason": null,
    "notes": "",
    "phones": [
      {
      "activated": true,
      "capabilities": [
        "auto",
        "push",
        "sms",
        "phone",
        "mobile_otp"
        ],
      "encrypted": "Encrypted",
      "extension": "",
      "fingerprint": "Configured",
      "last_seen": "2019-11-18T15:51:13",
      "model": "Apple iPhone 11 Pro",
      "name": "My iPhone",
      "number": "15555550100",
      "phone_id": "DPFZRS9FB0D46QFTM899",
      "platform": "Apple iOS",
      "postdelay": "0",
      "predelay": "0",
      "screenlock": "Locked",
      "sms_passcodes_sent": true,
      "tampered": "Not tampered",
      "type": "Mobile"
      }
    ],
    "realname": "Joe Smith",
    "status": "active",
    "tokens": [
      {
      "serial": "123456",
      "token_id": "DHIZ34ALBA2445ND4AI2",
      "type": "d1"
      }
    ],
    "u2ftokens": [],
    "user_id": "DU3RP9I2WOC59VZX672N",
    "username": "jsmith",
    "webauthncredentials": [
      {
      "credential_name": "Touch ID",
      "date_added": 1550685154,
      "label": "Touch ID",
      "webauthnkey": "WABFEOE007ZMV1QAZTRB"
      },
      {
      "credential_name": "YubiKey C",
      "date_added": 1550674764,
      "label": "Security Key",
      "webauthnkey": "WA4BD9AUVMSNUFWZGES4"
      }
    ],
  }
}

    Modify User

    Change the username, username aliases, full name, status, and/or notes section of the user with ID user_id. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/users/[user_id]

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    username Optional

    The new username.
    alias1...4 Optional

    A username alias for the user. Up to four aliases may be specified with this parameter. Aliases must be unique amongst users. This parameter maintained for backwards compatibility. Mutually exclusive with aliases.
    aliases Optional

    Username aliases for the user. Up to eight aliases may be specified with this parameter as a set of URL-encoded key-value pairs e.g. alias1=joe.smith&alias2=jsmith@example.com. Ignores alias position values not specified. Remove the value for an existing alias by specifying a blank value e.g. alias1=. Aliases must be unique amongst users. Mutually exclusive with alias1...4.
    realname Optional

    The user's new real name (or full name). This is the "Display Name" shown in the Admin Panel.
    email Optional

    The new email address.
    enable_auto_prompt Optional

    If set to 0, the user will be shown a list of authentication methods to initiate authentication. If set to 1, the user will be automatically prompted to use their last-used authentication method. Only effective in the Universal Prompt. Default: 1.
    status Optional

    The new status. Must be one of "active", "disabled", or "bypass", or "locked out". See Retrieve Users for an explanation of these fields.

    The "disabled" status may not be set via Admin API for users managed by Active Directory or Entra ID sync, nor can the API set "active" status for users disabled by directory sync.
    notes Optional

    The new notes field.
    firstname Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified. The user's new given name.
    lastname Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified. The user's new surname.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200

    The user was modified successfully. The user object is also returned (see Retrieve Users).
    400 Invalid or missing parameters.
    404

    No user was found with the given user_id, or user already exists with the given username.

    Response Format

    Returns the modified single user object. Refer to Retrieve Users for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve User by ID.

    Delete User

    Delete the user with ID user_id from the system. The API will not delete phones associated only with that user right away; remove them immediately with Delete Phone. This method returns 200 if the phone was found or if no such phone exists. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    Users deleted by the API do not get moved into the Trash view as "Pending Deletion" as they would if removed by directory sync, user deletion, or interactively from the Duo Admin Panel, and therefore are not available for restoration. Users deleted via the API are immediately and permanently removed from Duo.

    To send multiple users to the Trash, see Send Multiple Users to Trash.

    DELETE /admin/v1/users/[user_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The user was deleted or did not exist.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Enroll User

    Enroll a user with user name username and email address email and send them an enrollment email that expires after valid_secs seconds. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/users/enroll

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    username Required The user name (or username alias) of the user to enroll.
    email Required The email address of this user.
    valid_secs Optional The number of seconds the enrollment code should remain valid. Default: 2592000 (30 days).

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The enrollment code was generated and the user was sent an enrollment email. The newly created enrollment code is also returned.
    400 Invalid or missing parameter(s), or the user with the given username and email address already exists and is enrolled.

    Response Format

    Single string (the enrollment code).

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": "00d70e730b22cb66"
}

    Create Bypass Codes for User

    Clear all existing bypass codes for the user with ID user_id and return a list of count newly generated bypass codes, or specify codes that expire after valid_secs seconds, or reuse_count uses. To preserve existing bypass codes instead of clearing them the request must specify preserve_existing=true.

    Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    Object limits: 100 bypass codes per user.

    POST /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/bypass_codes

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    count Optional Number of new bypass codes to create. At most 10 codes (the default) can be created at a time. Codes will be generated randomly.
    codes Optional CSV string of codes to use. Mutually exclusive with count.
    preserve_existing Optional

    Preserves existing bypass codes while creating new ones. Either true or false; effectively false if not specified.

    If true and the request would result the target user reaching the limit of 100 codes per user, or if codes is used and specifies a bypass code that already exists for the target user, then an error is returned and no bypass codes are created for nor cleared from the user.

    reuse_count Optional The number of times generated bypass codes can be used. If 0, the codes will have an infinite reuse_count. Default: 1.
    valid_secs Optional The number of seconds for which generated bypass codes remain valid. If 0 (the default) the codes will never expire.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, or one-to-many object limit reached.
    404 No user was found with the given user_id.
    500 Other internal error.

    Response Format

    List of strings.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    "407176182",
    "016931781",
    "338390347",
    "537828175",
    "006165274",
    "438680449",
    "877647224",
    "196167433",
    "719424708",
    "727559878"
  ]
}

    Retrieve Bypass Codes by User ID

    Returns a paged list of bypass code metadata associated with the user with ID user_id. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. Does not return the actual bypass codes. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/bypass_codes

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No user was found with the given user_id.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    admin_email The email address of the Duo administrator who created the bypass code.
    bypass_code_id The bypass code's identifier. Use with GET bypass code by ID.
    created The bypass code creation date timestamp.
    expiration An integer indicating the expiration timestamp of the bypass code, or null if the bypass code does not expire on a certain date.
    reuse_count An integer indicating the number of times the bypass code may be used before expiring, or null if the bypass code has no limit on the number of times it may be used.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    {
    "admin_email": "janesmith@example.com",
    "bypass_code_id": "DB2A9F0012RL54001FA3",
    "created": 1522260759,
    "expiration": 1522264359,
    "reuse_count": 1
    }
  ]
}

    Retrieve Groups by User ID

    Returns a paged list of groups associated with the user with ID user_id. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/groups

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No user was found with the given user_id.

    Response Format

    Returns the groups for the user object. Refer to Retrieve Groups for an explanation of the object keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    {
    "desc": "This is group A",
    "group_id": "DGBDKSSH37KSJ373JKSU",
    "mobile_otp_enabled": false,    
    "name": "Group A",
    "push_enabled": false,
    "sms_enabled": false,
    "status": "active",
    "voice_enabled": false
    },
    {
    "desc": "This is group B",
    "group_id": "DGJKSLSH393YSJD93HSD3",
    "mobile_otp_enabled": false,
    "name": "Group B (from Microsoft Entra ID sync \"Acme Corp Entra ID\")",
    "push_enabled": false,
    "sms_enabled": false,
    "status": "active",
    "voice_enabled": false
    }
  ]
}

    Associate Group with User

    Associate a group with ID group_id with the user with ID user_id. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    Object limits: 100 groups per user.

    POST /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/groups

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    group_id Required The ID of the group to associate with the user.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a response of "".
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, one-to-many object limit reached, or nonexistent group_id. Also returns "Operation Failed" if the group does not exist.
    404 Nonexistent user_id.
    500 Other internal error.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Disassociate Group from User

    Disassociate a group from the user with ID user_id. This method will return 200 if the group was found or if no such group exists. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/groups/[group_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success, or no such group exists.
    404 No user was found with the given user_id.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Retrieve Phones by User ID

    Returns a paged list of phones associated with the user with ID user_id. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/phones

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No user was found with the given user_id.

    Response Format

    Same as for Retrieve Phones, except phones have no users attribute.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    {
    "activated": false,
    "capabilities": [
      "sms",
      "phone",
      "push"
    ],
    "encrypted": "Encrypted",
    "extension": "",
    "fingerprint": "Configured",
    "last_seen": "2019-03-04T15:04:04",
    "model": "Google Pixel 2 Xl",
    "name": "",
    "number": "+15035550102",
    "phone_id": "DPFZRS9FB0D46QFTM890",
    "platform": "Google Android",
    "postdelay": "",
    "predelay": "",
    "screenlock": "Locked",
    "sms_passcodes_sent": true,
    "tampered": "Not tampered",
    "type": "Mobile"
    },
    {
    "activated": false,
    "capabilities": [
      "phone"
    ].
    "encrypted": "",
    "extension": "",
    "fingerprint": "",
    "last_seen": "",
    "model": "Unknown",
    "name": "",
    "number": "+15035550103",
    "phone_id": "DPFZRS9FB0D46QFTM891",
    "platform": "Unknown",
    "postdelay": "",
    "predelay": "",
    "screenlock": "",
    "sms_passcodes_sent": false,
    "tampered": "",
    "type": "Landline"
    }
  ]
}

    Associate Phone with User

    Associate a phone with the user with ID user_id. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    Object limits: 100 phones per user; 100 users per phone.

    POST /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/phones

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    phone_id Required The ID of the phone to associate with the user.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a response of "".
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, one-to-many object limit reached, or nonexistent phone_id.
    404 Nonexistent user_id.
    500 Other internal error.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Disassociate Phone from User

    Disassociate a phone from the user with ID user_id. The API will not automatically delete the phone after removing the last user association; remove it permanently with Delete Phone. This method returns 200 if the phone was found or if no such phone exists. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/phones/[phone_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success, or no such phone exists.
    404 No user was found with the given user_id.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Retrieve Hardware Tokens by User ID

    Returns a paged list of OTP hardware tokens associated with the user with ID user_id. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/tokens

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No user was found with the given user_id.

    Response Format

    Same as for Retrieve Hardware Tokens, except hardware tokens have no admins or users attribute.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    {
    "serial": "123456",
    "token_id": "DHEKH0JJIYC1LX3AZWO4",
    "totp_step": null,
    "type": "d1"
    },
    {
    "serial": "123457",
    "token_id": "DHUNT3ZVS3ACF8AEV2WG",
    "totp_step": null,
    "type": "d1"
    }
  ]
}

    Associate Hardware Token with User

    Associate a hardware token with the user with ID user_id. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    Object limits: 100 tokens per user.

    POST /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/tokens

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    token_id Required The ID of the hardware token to associate with the user.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a response of "".
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, one-to-many object limit reached, token_id already in use by a different user, or nonexistent token_id.
    404 Nonexistent user_id.
    500 Other internal error.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Disassociate Hardware Token from User

    Disassociate a hardware token from the user with ID user_id. This method will return 200 if the hardware token was found or if no such hardware token exists. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/tokens/[token_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No user was found with the given user_id

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Retrieve U2F Tokens by User ID

    The U2F Tokens by User ID API endpoint /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/u2ftokens is deprecated as of February 2022. This API no longer allows listing all U2F tokens for a user. Requests to this endpoint now fail with the following response:

    {
  "stat": "FAIL",
  "code": 40301,
  "message": "Access forbidden",
}

    Retrieve WebAuthn Credentials by User ID

    Returns a list of WebAuthn credentials associated with the user with ID user_id. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/webauthncredentials

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No user was found with the given user_id.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    credential_name Free-form label for the WebAuthn credential.
    date_added The date the WebAuthn credential was registered in Duo.
    label Indicates the type of WebAuthn credential. Example: Windows Hello or iCloud Keychain.
    webauthnkey The WebAuthn credential's registration identifier.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    {
    "credential_name": "YubiKey 5",
    "date_added": 1550674764,
    "label": "Security Key",
    "webauthnkey": "WA4ED9AUVMSWUF00KES4"
    }
  ],
}

    Retrieve Desktop Authenticators by User ID

    Returns a paged list of desktop authenticators associated with the user with ID user_id. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/desktopauthenticators

    Parameters

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No user was found with the given user_id.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    daid The authenticator's ID.
    dakey The authenticator's Duo-specific identifier.
    device_name The endpoint's hostname.
    duo_desktop_version The version of Duo Desktop installed on the endpoint.
    os_family The endpoint's operating system platform.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": [
    {
      "daid": 365,
      "dakey": "DDABCDE1FGHIJ23KL45",
      "device_name": "DESKTOP-ABC1234",
      "duo_desktop_version": "6.12.0",
      "os_family": "Windows"
    }
  ],
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Synchronize User from Directory

    Initiate a sync to create, update, or mark for deletion the user specified by username against the directory specified by the directory_key. The directory_key for a directory can be found by navigating to Users → Directory Sync in the Duo Admin Panel, and then clicking on the configured directory. Learn more about syncing individual users from Active Directory, OpenLDAP, or Entra ID. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/users/directorysync/[directory_key]/syncuser

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    username Required The user to update or create via directory sync. This should be the same as the value for the user's username attribute in the source directory as configured in the sync.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The user was synced successfully and updated or added in Duo. The user object is also returned (see Retrieve Users).
    404 The specified username or directory_key was incorrect, the user is not managed by the specified directory, or the user is not a member of any source directory group specified in the sync configuration.
    429 Too many requests; try again later.

    Response Format

    Returns the single synced user object with an additional message stating the user synced successfully. Refer to Retrieve Users for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response":{
    "message": "User wwu synced successfully.",
    "user": {
      "alias1": "wwu@example.com",
      "alias2": null,
      "alias3": null,
      "alias4": null,
      "aliases": {
        "alias1": "wwu@example.com"
      },
      "created": 1553271753,
      "directory_key": "DABC0DEFGHIJKLMNOPQR",
      "email": "",
      "enable_auto_prompt": true,
      "external_id": "1a2345b6-7cd8-9e0f-g1hi-23j45kl6m789",
      "firstname": "",
      "groups": [
        {
        "desc": "",
        "group_id": "DGKAT4WCV306FOONUNIC",
        "mobile_otp_enabled": false,
        "name": "Duo Users (from AD sync \"Acme Sync")",
        "push_enabled": false,
        "sms_enabled": false,
        "status": "Active",
        "voice_enabled": false
        }
      ],
      "is_enrolled": true,
      "last_directory_sync": 1657227493,
      "last_login": 1553271773,
      "lastname": "",
      "lockout_reason": null,
      "notes": "",
      "phones": [],
      "realname": "Wang Wu",
      "status": "active",
      "tokens": [],
      "u2ftokens": [],
      "user_id": "DUYGKDZI47WEJIIXU6QI",
      "username": "wwu",
      "webauthncredentials": [
        {
        "credential_name": "YubiKey",
        "date_added": 1553271760,
        "label": "Security Key",
        "webauthnkey": "WAYRDI633R1219HM1BN7"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

    Send Verification Push

    Sends a verification Duo Push to the user with ID user_id. Verification pushes can also be sent from the Duo Admin Panel. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/send_verification_push

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    phone_id Required The ID of the phone belonging to the user. This phone should be activated for push.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid parameters or phone cannot receive pushes.
    404 No user was found with the given user_id or no phone was found with the given phone_id.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    confirmation_code The Duo Push sent to the user contains this confirmation code.
    push_id The ID of the Duo Push sent.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": {
    "confirmation_code": "123456",
    "push_id": "123abc45-6def-789g-h012-34567ijk8901"
  },
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Retrieve Verification Push Response

    Retrieves the verification push result for the user with ID user_id. Push response information will be available for 120 seconds after the push was sent, after which this endpoint will return a 404. If no success or failure response was returned by this endpoint during these 120 seconds, it can be assumed that the push has timed out. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/verification_push_response

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    push_id Required The ID of the Duo Push sent.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 Invalid or expired push_id. Note that the push_id expires after 120 seconds.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    push_id The ID of the Duo Push sent.
    result The result of the verification push sent. One of:
    • approve: User approved the push.
    • deny: User denied the push.
    • fraud: User marked the push as fraud.
    • waiting: User has not responded to the push yet.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": {
    "push_id": "123abc45-6def-789g-h012-34567ijk8901"
    "result": "approve"
  },
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Bulk Operations

    Bulk User Operations

    Performs a list of operations serially in the order provided. You can perform a maximum of 50 operations per request at a rate limit of 50 calls per minute. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/bulk

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    operations Yes Must be a JSON list of objects, each of which specifies an operation.

    Operations

    Each operation must be a JSON object that specifies the following attributes.

    Parameter Required? Description
    method Yes

    HTTP method “POST” or “DELETE”.
    path Yes

    HTTP path for the operation. See below for a list of enabled operations.
    body Yes

    A JSON object containing the parameters for this operation.

    Valid Operations

    Operation Method Path Body
    Create User POST /admin/v1/users

    See Parameters section from Create User.
    Modify User POST /admin/v1/users/[user_id]

    See Parameters section from Modify User.
    Delete User DELETE /admin/v1/users/[user_id]

    See Parameters section from Delete User.
    Associate Group with User POST /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/groups

    See Parameters section from Associate Group with User.
    Disassociate Group from User POST /admin/v1/users/[user_id]/groups/[group_id]

    See Parameters section from Disassociate Group from User.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid request, possibly due to the shape of the operations attribute being invalid.
    429 Too many requests.

    Response Format

    Returns a list of response objects, one for each operation provided. The response format for each operation will follow the same format as that of the corresponding single-operation endpoint for that operation. For example, a Create User operation will receive a response in the format described in Create User.

    Note that it is possible for some operations to fail while others succeed. The list of responses can include both successful responses as well as unsuccessful responses due to invalid parameters or rate limiting.

    Example Operations list

    This sample list of operations provides an example of what should be passed as the operations parameter.

    {
[
	{
		"method": "POST",
		"path": "/admin/v1/users",
		"body": {
			"username": "uname1",
			"alias1": "my_alias1",
			"alias2": "my_alias2",
			"alias3": "my_alias3",
			"alias4": "my_alias4",
			"email": "user@example.com",
			"status": "active",
			"notes": "This is a user"
		}
	},
	{
		"method": "POST",
		"path": "/admin/v1/users/DUJ424R8DJFJ05HASDFJ",
		"body": {
			"username": "uname2",
			"alias2": "updated_alias2",
			"email": "user2@example.com",
			"status": "active",
			"notes": "This is another user"
		}
	},
	{
		"method": "DELETE",
		"path": "/admin/v1/users/DUJ424R8DJFJ05HASDFJ",
		"body": {}
	},
	{
		"method": "POST",
		"path": "/admin/v1/users/DUJ424R8DJFJ05HASDFJ/groups",
		"body": {
			"group_id": "DGBDKSSH37KSJ373JKSU",
		}
	},
	{
		"method": "DELETE",
		"path": "/admin/v1/users/DUJ424R8DJFJ05HASDFJ/groups/DGBDKSSH37KSJ373JKSU",
		"body": {}
	}
]

}

    Example Response

    {
[
	{
	  "stat": "OK",
	  "response":{
	    "alias1": "my_alias1",
	    "alias2": "my_alias2",
	    "alias3": "my_alias3",
	    "alias4": "my_alias4",
	    "aliases": {
	    	"alias1": "my_alias1",
		    "alias2": "my_alias2",
		    "alias3": "my_alias3",
		    "alias4": "my_alias4",
	    },
	    "created": 1657222760,
	    "email": "user@example.com",
      "enable_auto_prompt": true,
	    "firstname": "",
	    "groups": [],
	    "is_enrolled": false,
	    "last_directory_sync": null,
	    "last_login": null,
	    "lastname": "",
      "lockout_reason": null,
	    "notes": "This is a user",
	    "phones": [],
	    "realname": "",
	    "status": "active",
	    "tokens": [],
	    "u2ftokens": [],
	    "user_id": "DUJ424R8DJFJ05HASDFJ",
	    "username": "uname1",
	    "webauthncredentials": []
	  }
	},
	{
	  "stat": "OK",
	  "response":{
	    "alias1": null,
	    "alias2": "my_alias2",
	    "alias3": null,
	    "alias4": null,
	    "aliases": {
		    "alias2": "updated_alias2",
	    },
	    "created": 1657223860,
	    "email": "user2@example.com",
      "enable_auto_prompt": true,
	    "firstname": "",
	    "groups": [],
	    "is_enrolled": false,
	    "last_directory_sync": null,
	    "last_login": null,
	    "lastname": "",
      "lockout_reason": null,
	    "notes": "This is another user",
	    "phones": [],
	    "realname": "",
	    "status": "active",
	    "tokens": [],
	    "u2ftokens": [],
	    "user_id": "DUJ424R8DP0OL5D4DAFJ",
	    "username": "uname2",
	    "webauthncredentials": []
	  }
	},
	{
  		"stat": "OK",
  		"response": ""
	},
	{
  		"stat": "OK",
  		"response": ""
	},
	{
  		"stat": "OK",
  		"response": ""
	}
]

}

    Groups

    Per-user Group Operations

    See Retrieve Groups by User ID, Associate Group with User, and Disassociate Group from User.

    Retrieve Groups

    Returns a paged list of groups. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/groups

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 100
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0
    group_ids Deprecated

    Retrieve specific groups by specifying up to 200 group_ids values.

    List format:

    group_ids=DGBDKSSH37KSJ373JKSU&group_ids=DGJKSLSH393YSJD93HSD3&...etc.

    Ignores other paging parameters when used.
    group_id_list Optional

    A list of group ids used to fetch multiple groups by group_ids. You can provide up to 100 group_ids.

    If you provide this parameter, the limit and offset parameters will be ignored.

    Must be a JSON serialized array.

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    desc The group's description.
    group_id The group's ID.
    mobile_otp_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    name The group's name. If managed by directory sync, then the name returned here also indicates the source directory.
    push_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    sms_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    status The group's authentication status. May be one of:
    Status Description
    "Active" The users in the group must complete secondary authentication.
    "Bypass" The users in the group will bypass secondary authentication after completing primary authentication.
    "Disabled" The users in the group will not be able to authenticate.
    voice_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    {
    "desc": "This is group A",
    "group_id": "DGBDKSSH37KSJ373JKSU",
    "mobile_otp_enabled": false,    
    "name": "Group A",
    "push_enabled": false,
    "sms_enabled": false,
    "status": "Active",
    "voice_enabled": false
    },
    {
    "desc": "This is group B",
    "group_id": "DGJKSLSH393YSJD93HSD3",
    "mobile_otp_enabled": false,
    "name": "Group B (from Microsoft Entra ID sync \"Acme Corp Entra ID\")",
    "push_enabled": false,
    "sms_enabled": false,
    "status": "Active",
    "voice_enabled": false
    }
  ],
}

    Create Group

    Create a new group. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/groups

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    name Required The name of the group.
    desc Optional The description of the group.
    push_enabled Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    sms_enabled Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    voice_enabled Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    mobile_otp_enabled Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    status Optional The authentication status of the group. See Retrieve Groups for a list of possible values.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Group with given name already exists or one of the parameters is invalid.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    desc The group's description.
    push_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    sms_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    voice_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    mobile_otp_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    group_id The group's ID.
    name The group's name.
    status The group's authentication status. See Retrieve Groups for a list of possible values.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "desc": "This is an example group",
    "group_id": "DGBDKSSH37KSJ373JKSU",
    "mobile_otp_enabled": false,
    "name": "Example Group",
    "push_enabled": false,
    "sms_enabled": false,
    "status": "active",
    "voice_enabled": false
  }
}

    Get Group Info

    Retrieve information about a group. Note that this output does not include a list of group members. To retrieve group members, use /admin/v2/groups/[group_id]/users. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v2/groups/[group_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 Group with given ID was not found.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    desc The group's description.
    push_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    sms_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    voice_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    mobile_otp_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    group_id The group's ID.
    name The group's name. If managed by directory sync, then the name returned here also indicates the source directory.
    status The group's authentication status. See Retrieve Groups for a list of possible values.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "desc": "Group description",
    "group_id": "DGBDKSSH37KSJ373JKSU",
    "mobile_otp_enabled": false,
    "name": "Group Name",
    "push_enabled": false,
    "sms_enabled": false,
    "status": "active",
    "voice_enabled": false
  }
}

    Returns a paged list of members of a specified group. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value.

    GET /admin/v2/groups/[group_id]/users

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid parameters.
    404 Group with given ID was not found.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    user_id The user's ID.
    username The user's username.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "metadata": {
      "total_objects": 4
  },
  "response": [
      {
          "user_id": "DUJF3424R8DJFJ05HASD",
          "username": "user1"
      },
      {
          "user_id": "DUJSFP005D4DJFJ05HSD",
          "username": "user2"
      },
      {
          "user_id": "DUJSFP001D4DJFJB0OFS",
          "username": "user3"
      }
  ]
}

    Get Group Info (Legacy v1)

    The v1 groups endpoint limits the response to the first 4,000 group members. Consider migrating to the v2 endpoint. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/groups/[group_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 Group with given ID was not found.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    desc The group's description.
    push_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    sms_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    voice_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    mobile_otp_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    group_id The group's ID.
    name The group's name. If managed by directory sync, then the name returned here also indicates the source directory.
    status The group's authentication status. See Retrieve Groups for a list of possible values.
    users A list of the users in the group.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "desc": "Group description",
    "group_id": "DGBDKSSH37KSJ373JKSU",
    "mobile_otp_enabled": false,
    "name": "Group Name",
    "push_enabled": false,
    "sms_enabled": false,
    "status": "active",
    "users": [
      {
      "user_id": "DUJ424R8DP0OL5D4DAFJ",
      "username": "User A"
      },
      {
      "user_id": "DUJSP005D4DJFJ05HASD",
      "username": "User B"
      }
    ],
    "voice_enabled": false
  }
}

    Update Group

    Update information about a group. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/groups/[group_id]

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    name Optional Update the name of the group.
    desc Optional Update the description of the group.
    push_enabled Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    sms_enabled Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    voice_enabled Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    mobile_otp_enabled Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    status Optional The authentication status of the group. See Retrieve Groups for a list of possible values.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid parameters.
    404 Group with given ID was not found.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    desc The group's updated description.
    push_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    sms_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    voice_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    mobile_otp_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    group_id The group's ID.
    name The group's updated name.
    status The group's updated authentication status. See Retrieve Groups for a list of possible values.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "desc": "Group description",
    "group_id": "DGBDKSSH37KSJ373JKSU",
    "mobile_otp_enabled": false,
    "name": "Group Name",
    "push_enabled": false,
    "sms_enabled": false,
    "status": "active",
    "voice_enabled": false
  }
}

    Delete Group

    Delete a group. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/groups/[group_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The group was deleted or did not exist.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": "",
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Phones

    Per-user Phone Operations

    See Retrieve Phones by User ID, Associate Phone with User, and Disassociate Phone from User.

    Retrieve Phones

    Returns a paged list of phones. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. If no number or extension parameters are provided, the list will contain all phones. Otherwise, the list will contain either single phone (if a match was found), or no phones. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/phones

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0
    Parameter Required? Description
    number Optional Specify a phone number in E.164 format to look up a single phone.
    extension Optional The extension, if necessary.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid number.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    activated

    Has this phone been activated for Duo Mobile yet? Either true or false.
    capabilities List of strings, each a factor that can be used with the device.
    Capability Meaning
    auto The device is valid for automatic factor selection (e.g. phone or push).
    push The device is activated for Duo Push.
    phone The device can receive phone calls.
    sms The device can receive batches of SMS passcodes.
    mobile_otp The device can generate passcodes with Duo Mobile.
    encrypted

    The encryption status of an Android or iOS device file system. One of: "Encrypted", "Unencrypted", or "Unknown". Blank for other platforms.

    This information is available to Duo Premier and Duo Advantage plan customers.
    extension

    An extension, if necessary.
    fingerprint

    Whether an Android or iOS phone is configured for biometric verification. One of: "Configured", "Disabled", or "Unknown". Blank for other platforms.

    This information is available to Duo Premier and Duo Advantage plan customers.
    last_seen

    An integer indicating the timestamp of the last contact between Duo's service and the activated Duo Mobile app installed on the phone. Blank if the device has never activated Duo Mobile or if the platform does not support it.
    model

    The phone's model.
    name

    Free-form label for the phone.
    number

    The phone number in E.164 format. A phone with a smartphone platform but no number is a tablet.
    phone_id

    The phone's ID.
    platform

    The phone platform. One of: "unknown", "google android", "apple ios", "windows phone 7", "rim blackberry", "java j2me", "palm webos", "symbian os", "windows mobile", or "generic smartphone".

    "windows phone" is accepted as a synonym for "windows phone 7". This includes devices running Windows Phone 8.

    If a smartphone's exact platform is unknown but it will have Duo Mobile installed, use "generic smartphone" and generate an activation code. When the phone is activated its platform will be automatically detected.
    postdelay

    The time (in seconds) to wait after the extension is dialed and before the speaking the prompt.
    predelay

    The time (in seconds) to wait after the number picks up and before dialing the extension.
    screenlock

    Whether screen lock is enabled on an Android or iOS phone. One of: "Locked", "Unlocked", or "Unknown". Blank for other platforms.

    This information is available to Duo Premier and Duo Advantage plan customers.
    sms_passcodes_sent

    Have SMS passcodes been sent to this phone? Either true or false.
    tampered

    Whether an iOS or Android device is jailbroken or rooted. One of: "Not Tampered", "Tampered", or "Unknown". Blank for other platforms.

    This information is available to Duo Premier and Duo Advantage plan customers.
    type

    The type of phone. One of: "unknown", "mobile", or "landline".
    users

    A list of users associated with this phone. See Retrieve Users for descriptions of the response fields.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    {
      "activated": true,
      "capabilities": [
        "auto",
        "push",
        "sms",
        "phone",
        "mobile_otp"
      ],
      "encrypted": "Encrypted",
      "extension": "",
      "fingerprint": "Configured",
      "last_seen": "2019-11-18T15:51:13",
      "model": "Apple iPhone 11 Pro",
      "name": "My iPhone",
      "number": "15555550100",
      "phone_id": "DPFZRS9FB0D46QFTM899",
      "platform": "Apple iOS",
      "postdelay": "",
      "predelay": "",
      "screenlock": "Locked",
      "sms_passcodes_sent": false,
      "tampered": "Not tampered",
      "type": "Mobile",
      "users": [
        {
        "alias1": "joe.smith",
        "alias2": "jsmith@example.com"
        "alias3": null,
        "alias4": null,
        "aliases": {
          "alias1": "joe.smith",
          "alias2": "jsmith@example.com"
        },
        "created": 1509717442,
        "email": "jsmith@example.com",
        "enable_auto_prompt": true,
        "firstname": "",
        "is_enrolled": false,
        "last_directory_sync": null,
        "last_login": 1474399627,
        "lastname": "",
        "notes": "",
        "realname": "Joe Smith",
        "status": "active",
        "user_id": "DUJZ2U4L80HT45MQ4EOQ",
        "username": "jsmith"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "activated": true,
      "capabilities": [
        "auto",
        "push",
        "sms",
        "phone",
        "mobile_otp"
      ],
      "encrypted": "Encrypted",
      "extension": "",
      "fingerprint": "Configured",
      "last_seen": "2019-11-19T15:51:13",
      "model": "Google Pixel 3",
      "name": "Pixel3",
      "number": "15555550200",
      "phone_id": "DPFZRS9FB0D46QFTP00L",
      "platform": "Google Android",
      "postdelay": "0",
      "predelay": "0",
      "screenlock": "Locked",
      "sms_passcodes_sent": false,
      "tampered": "Not tampered",
      "type": "Mobile"
      "users": [
        {
        "alias1": "chris.jones",
        "alias2": "cjones@example.com",
        "alias3": null,
        "alias4": null,
        "aliases": {
          "alias1": "chris.jones",
          "alias2": "cjones@example.com"
        },
        "created": 1489612829,
        "email": "cjones@example.com",
        "enable_auto_prompt": true,
        "firstname": "",
        "groups": [],
        "is_enrolled": true,
        "last_directory_sync": null,
        "last_login": 1343821403,
        "lastname": "",
        "notes": "",
        "realname": "Chris Jones",
        "status": "active",
        "user_id": "DU3RP9I2WOC59VZXJ05H",
        "username": "cjones"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

    Create Phone

    Create a new phone with a specified phone number or other parameters. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/phones

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    number Optional

    The phone number; E.164 format recommended (i.e. "+17345551212"). If no leading plus sign is provided then it is assumed to be a United States number and an implicit "+1" country code is prepended. Dashes and spaces are ignored.

    A phone with a smartphone platform but no number is a tablet.
    name Optional Free-form label for the phone.
    extension Optional The extension.
    type Optional The phone type. See Retrieve Phones for a list of possible values.
    platform Optional The phone platform. See Retrieve Phones for a list of possible values.
    predelay Optional The time (in seconds) to wait after the number picks up and before dialing the extension.
    postdelay Optional The time (in seconds) to wait after the extension is dialed and before the speaking the prompt.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The phone was created successfully. The newly created phone is also returned (see Retrieve Phones).
    400 Invalid or missing parameter(s), or phone already exists with the given number and extension.

    Response Format

    Returns the single phone object created. Refer to Retrieve Phones for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response":{
    "activated": false,
    "capabilities": [],
    "extension": "",
    "last_seen": "",
    "model": "Unknown",
    "name": "",
    "number": "15555551111",
    "phone_id": "DP1D9EZJNZNQXJ05HKJB",
    "platform": "Generic Smartphone",
    "postdelay": "",
    "predelay": "",
    "sms_passcodes_sent": false,
    "type": "Unknown",
    "users": []
    }
}

    Retrieve Phone by ID

    Return the single phone with phone_id. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/phones/[phone_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No phone was found with the given phone_id.

    Response Format

    Returns a single phone object. Refer to Retrieve Phones for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "activated": true,
    "capabilities": [
      "auto",
      "push",
      "sms",
      "phone",
      "mobile_otp"
    ],
    "encrypted": "Encrypted",
    "extension": "",
    "fingerprint": "Configured",
    "last_seen": "2019-03-04T15:04:04",
    "model": "Google Pixel 2 Xl",
    "name": "",
    "number": "+15555550100",
    "phone_id": "DPFZRS9FB0D46QFTM899",
    "platform": "Google Android",
    "postdelay": "",
    "predelay": "",
    "screenlock": "Locked",
    "sms_passcodes_sent": false,
    "tampered": "Not tampered",
    "type": "Mobile",
    "users": [
      {
        "alias1": "joe.smith",
        "alias2": "jsmith@example.com"
        "alias3": null,
        "alias4": null,
        "aliases": {
          "alias1": "joe.smith",
          "alias2": "jsmith@example.com"
        },
        "created": 1509717442,
        "email": "jsmith@example.com",
        "enable_auto_prompt": true,
        "firstname": "",
        "is_enrolled": false,
        "last_directory_sync": null,
        "last_login": 1474399627,
        "lastname": "",
        "notes": "",
        "realname": "Joe Smith",
        "status": "active",
        "user_id": "DUJZ2U4L80HT45MQ4EOQ",
        "username": "jsmith",
      }
    ]
  }
}

    Modify Phone

    Change the details of the phone with ID phone_id. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/phones/[phone_id]

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    number Optional

    The new phone number; E.164 format recommended (i.e. "+17345551212"). If no leading plus sign is provided then it is assumed to be a United States number and an implicit "+1" country code is prepended. Dashes and spaces are ignored.
    name Optional Free-form label for the phone.
    extension Optional The new extension.
    type Optional The phone type. See Retrieve Phones for a list of possible values.
    platform Optional The phone platform. See Retrieve Phones for a list of possible values.
    predelay Optional The time (in seconds) to wait after the number picks up and before dialing the extension.
    postdelay Optional The time (in seconds) to wait after the extension is dialed and before the speaking the prompt.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The phone was modified successfully. The phone object is returned.
    400 Invalid or missing parameter(s), or phone already exists with the given number and extension.
    404 No phone was found with the given phone_id.

    Response Format

    Returns the modified single phone object. Refer to Retrieve Phones for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Phone by ID.

    Delete Phone

    Delete the phone with ID phone_id from the system. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/phones/[phone_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The phone was deleted or did not exist.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Create Activation Code

    Generate a Duo Mobile activation code. This method will fail if the phone's type or platform are Unknown. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/phones/[phone_id]/activation_url

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    valid_secs Optional The number of seconds this activation code remains valid. Default: 86400 (one day). Expiration not supported for legacy phone platforms that support passcode generation only (not Duo Push).
    install Optional Specify 1 to also return an installation URL for Duo Mobile; 0 to not return a URL. Default: 0.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The activation code was successfully generated.
    400 Invalid parameters or invalid phone. The phone's platform must be one on which Duo Mobile can be activated.
    404 No phone was found with the given phone_id.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    activation_barcode URL of a QR code. Scan the code with Duo Mobile to complete activation. This QR code uses the same activation code as activation_url.
    activation_url Opening this URL on a phone with the Duo Mobile app installed will automatically complete activation.
    installation_url Opening this URL on the phone will prompt the user to install Duo Mobile. Only present if install was 1.
    valid_secs An integer indicating the number of seconds that the activation code remains valid.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "activation_barcode": "https://api-abcdefgh.duosecurity.com/frame/qr?value=duo%3A%2F%2Factivation-code",
    "activation_url": "https://m-abcdefgh.duosecurity.com/iphone/7dmi4Oowz5g3J47FARLs",
    "valid_secs": 3600
  }
}

    Send Activation Code via SMS

    Generate a Duo Mobile activation code and send it to the phone via SMS, optionally sending an additional message with a URL to install Duo Mobile. This method will fail if the phone's type or platform are Unknown. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    SMS Size Limits

    The recommended maximum length for activation_msg and installation_msg is 80 characters.

    Activation and installation SMS messages are limited to 160 characters or less. If providing custom text, please make sure to leave enough room for a URL to be sent in the same message. The exact length available for custom text varies depending on the device's platform and whether international characters were used. Activation URLs are typically about 60 characters long. Installation URLs are between 50 and 75 characters long.

    POST /admin/v1/phones/[phone_id]/send_sms_activation

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    valid_secs Optional The number of seconds this activation code remains valid. Default: 86400 (one day).
    install Optional Specify 1 to cause an installation SMS message to be sent before the activation message, or 0 to not send an installation SMS message. Default: 0.
    installation_msg Optional A custom installation message to send to the user. Only valid if installation was requested. Must contain the phrase "<insturl>", which is replaced with the installation URL.
    activation_msg Optional A custom activation message to send to the user. Must contain "<acturl>", which is replaced with the activation URL.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The activation code was generated and sent successfully.
    400 Invalid parameters or invalid phone. The phone must be able to receive SMS messages and its platform must be one on which Duo Mobile can be activated.
    404 No phone was found with the given phone_id.
    500 Failed to send SMS message or SMS message too long.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    activation_msg The text of the activation message.
    activation_barcode URL of a QR code. Scan the code with Duo Mobile to complete activation. This QR code contains the same activation code as activation_url.
    installation_msg The text of the installation message. Only present if the install parameter was set to 1 in the request.
    valid_secs An integer indicating the number of seconds that the activation URL remains valid.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "activation_barcode": "https://api-abcdef/frame/qr\?*value=duo%3A%2F%2FXoudqt8a9F-Jqt",
    "activation_msg": "To activate the Duo Mobile app, click this link: https://m-eval.duosecurity.com/iphone/7dmi4Oowz5g3J47FARLs",
    "installation_msg": "Welcome to Duo! To install the Duo Mobile app, click this link: http://m-eval.duosecurity.com",
    "valid_secs": 3600
  }
}

    Send Installation URL via SMS

    Send a message via SMS describing how to install Duo Mobile. This method will fail if the phone's type or platform are Unknown. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    SMS Size Limits

    The recommended maximum length for installation_msg is 80 characters.

    Installation SMS messages are limited to 160 characters or less. If providing custom text, please make sure to leave enough room for a URL to be sent in the same message. The exact length available for custom text varies depending on the device's platform and whether international characters were used. Installation URLs are between 50 and 75 characters long.

    POST /admin/v1/phones/[phone_id]/send_sms_installation

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    installation_msg Optional A custom installation message to send to the user. Must contain the phrase "<insturl>", which is replaced with the installation URL.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The installation URL was successfully sent.
    400 Invalid parameters or invalid phone. The phone must be able to receive SMS messages and its platform must be one on which Duo Mobile can be activated.
    404 No phone was found with the given phone_id.
    500 Failed to send SMS message or SMS message too long.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    installation_msg The text of the installation message.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "installation_msg": "Welcome to Duo! To install the Duo Mobile app, click this link: http://m-abcdef.duosecurity.com"
  }
}

    Send Passcodes via SMS

    Generate a new batch of SMS passcodes send them to the phone in a single SMS message. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/phones/[phone_id]/send_sms_passcodes

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The passcodes were generated and sent successfully.
    404 No phone was found with the given phone_id.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Tokens

    Per-user Token Operations

    See Retrieve Hardware Tokens by User ID, Associate Hardware Token with User, and Disassociate Hardware Token from User.

    Per-administrator Token Operations

    See Retrieve Administrator by ID, Create Administrator, and Modify Administrator. Note that token information retrieved from the Tokens endpoint does not include information about administrators associated with a token, just end-users.

    Retrieve Hardware Tokens

    Returns a paged list of OTP hardware tokens. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. If no type and serial parameters are provided, the list will contain all hardware tokens. Otherwise, the list will contain either a single hardware token (if a match was found) or no hardware tokens. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/tokens

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0
    Parameter Required? Description
    type Optional*

    Specify a type and serial number to look up a single hardware token. One of:

    Type Description
    "h6" HOTP-6 hardware token
    "h8" HOTP-8 hardware token
    "yk" YubiKey AES hardware token
    "d1" Duo-D100 hardware token

    * This option is required if serial is present.

    serial Optional*

    The serial number of the hardware token.

    * This option is required if type is present.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a list of tokens.
    400 Invalid parameters.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    admins A list of administrators associated with this hardware token. See Retrieve Administrators for descriptions of the response fields.
    serial The serial number of the hardware token; used to uniquely identify the hardware token when paired with type.
    token_id The hardware token's unique ID.
    totp_step Value is null for all supported token types.
    type The type of hardware token.
    users

    A list of end users associated with this hardware token. See Retrieve Users for descriptions of the response fields.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    {
      "admins": [
        {
        "admin_id": "DESMP00LIAKRJPD4DZSH",
        "created": 1648143942,
        "email": "jsmith@example.com",
        "last_login": 1343921403,
        "name": "Joe Smith"
        }
      ],  
      "serial": "123456",
      "token_id": "DHIZ34ALBA2445ND4AI2",
      "totp_step": null,
      "type": "d1",
      "users": [
        {
        "alias1": "joe.smith",
        "alias2": "jsmith@example.com",
        "alias3": null,
        "alias4": null,
        "aliases": {
          "alias1": "joe.smith",
          "alias2": "jsmith@example.com"
        },
        "created": 1343621411,
        "email": "jsmith@example.com",
        "enable_auto_prompt": true,
        "firstname": "",
        "is_enrolled": true,
        "last_directory_sync": null,
        "last_login": 1343921403,
        "lastname": "",
        "notes": "",
        "realname": "Joe Smith",
        "status": "active",
        "user_id": "DUJZ2U4L80HT45MQ4EOQ",
        "username": "jsmith"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

    Create Hardware Token

    Create a new hardware token. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/tokens

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    type Required

    The type of hardware token to import. One of:

    Type Description
    "h6" HOTP-6 hardware token
    "h8" HOTP-8 hardware token
    "yk" YubiKey AES hardware token

    Duo-D100 tokens (type "d1") are imported when purchased from Duo and may not be created via the Admin API.
    serial Required The serial number of the token (maximum length 128 characters).
    secret Optional The HOTP secret. This parameter is required for HOTP-6 and HOTP-8 hardware tokens.
    counter Optional Initial value for the HOTP counter. This parameter is only valid for HOTP-6 and HOTP-8 hardware tokens. Default: 0.
    private_id Optional The 12-character hexadecimal YubiKey private ID. This parameter is required for YubiKey hardware tokens.
    aes_key Optional The 32-character hexadecimal YubiKey AES key. This parameter is required for YubiKey hardware tokens.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The hardware token was created successfully. The newly created hardware token is also returned (see Retrieve Hardware Tokens).
    400 Invalid or missing parameter(s), or hardware token already exists with the given type and serial.

    Response Format

    Returns the created single token object. Refer to Retrieve Hardware Tokens for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "admins": [],
    "serial": "123456",
    "token_id": "DH6G5OP9NU4C5UP00LMN",
    "totp_step": null,
    "type": "h6",
    "users": []
  }
}

    Retrieve Hardware Token by ID

    Return the single hardware token with token_id. Requires "Grant resource - Read" or "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/tokens/[token_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No hardware token was found with the given token_id.

    Response Format

    Returns a single user object. Refer to Retrieve Hardware Tokens for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "admins": [
      {
      "admin_id": "DESMP00LIAKRJPD4DZSH",
      "created": 1648143942,
      "email": "jsmith@example.com",
      "last_login": 1343921403,
      "name": "Joe Smith"
      }
    ],  
    "serial": "123456",
    "token_id": "DHIZ34ALBA2445ND4AI2",
    "totp_step": null,
    "type": "d1",
    "users": [
      {
      "alias1": "joe.smith",
      "alias2": "jsmith@example.com",
      "alias3": null,
      "alias4": null,
      "aliases": {
          "alias1": "joe.smith",
          "alias2": "jsmith@example.com"
      },
      "created": 1343621411,
      "email": "jsmith@example.com",
      "enable_auto_prompt": true,
      "firstname": "",
      "is_enrolled": true,
      "last_directory_sync": null,
      "last_login": 1343921403,
      "lastname": "",
      "notes": "",
      "realname": "Joe Smith",
      "status": "active",
      "user_id": "DUJZ2U4L80HT45MQ4EOQ",
      "username": "jsmith"
      }
    ]
  }
}

    Resync Hardware Token

    Resynchronize the hardware token with ID token_id by providing three successive codes from the token. Only HOTP and Duo-D100 tokens can be resynchronized. YubiKey tokens operating in their native AES mode do not need resynchronization. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/tokens/[token_id]/resync

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    code1 Required The first code from the token.
    code2 Required The second code from the token.
    code3 Required The third code from the token.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The token was resynced successfully.
    400 Invalid or missing parameter(s) or cannot resynchronize tokens of this type.
    404 No token was found with the given token_id.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Delete Hardware Token

    Delete the hardware token with ID token_id from the system. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/tokens/[token_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The token was deleted or did not exist.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    U2F Tokens

    The U2F Tokens API endpoint /admin/v1/u2ftokens is deprecated as of February 2022. This API no longer allows listing all U2F tokens or deletion of U2F tokens. Requests to this endpoint now fail with the following response:

    {
  "stat": "FAIL",
  "code": 40301,
  "message": "Access forbidden",
}

    Per-user U2F Token Operations

    See Retrieve U2F Tokens by User ID.

    WebAuthn Credentials

    Per-user WebAuthn Credential Operations

    See Retrieve WebAuthn Credentials by User ID.

    Retrieve WebAuthn Credentials

    Returns a paged list of all registered WebAuthn credentials. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission to retrieve user credentials, and "Grant administrators - Read" or "Grant administrators - Write" API permission to retrieve administrator credentials.

    GET /admin/v1/webauthncredentials

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a list of WebAuthn credentials.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    aaguid A unique identifier that conveys the authenticator's make and model, or the passkey's provider identity. This value cannot be verified as accurate by Duo.
    admin

    Selected information about the administrator attached to this WebAuthn credential. Returns null if attached to an end user. Not returned if the API application does not have "Grant administrators - Read" or "Grant administrators - Write" permission.

    Type Description
    admin_id The administrator's ID.
    created The administrator's creation date as a Unix timestamp.
    email The administrator's email address.
    last_login An integer indicating the last time this administrator logged in, as a Unix timestamp, or null if the administrator has not logged in.
    name The administrator's name.
    backup_eligible If true, this credential can be used from multiple devices. If false, this credential can only be used on one device.
    backup_status If true, this credential has been backed up and can be used from multiple devices. If false, this credential has not been backed up.
    credential_id An identifier randomly generated by the authenticator for this WebAuthn credential.
    credential_name Free-form label for this WebAuthn credential.
    date_added The Unix timestamp of when this WebAuthn credential was registered in Duo.
    date_last_used The Unix timestamp of when this WebAuthn credential was last used to authenticate with Duo. If null, this credential has not been used yet.
    label A derived nickname for this WebAuthn credential. This value cannot be changed by a user or admin. Present when attached to a user. Example: Windows Hello or iCloud Keychain.
    passwordless_authorized If true, this credential can be used for both MFA and Passwordless authentication. If false, this credential can only be used for MFA authentication.
    registered_as The registration flow that was used to register this WebAuthn credential. One of platform, cross-platform, or unknown.
    transports An array of values the browser will use to try and communicate with an authenticator during a Duo authentication attempt.
    user

    Selected information about the end user attached to this WebAuthn credential. See Retrieve Users for descriptions of the response fields. null if attached to an administrator.
    uv_capable If true, the authenticator is capable of locally verifying the user’s identity. If false, the authenticator cannot perform user verification.
    webauthnkey The credential's Duo-specific identifier.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    {
        "aaguid": "abcdefgh-123i-4jkl-5mno-6p789012q3rs",
        "admin": null,
        "backup_eligible": true,
        "backup_status": true,
        "credential_id": "A1bCd34efgH5I6jK6lmnoPQrS78",
        "credential_name": "Touch ID",
        "date_added": 1707422111,
        "label": "iCloud Keychain",
        "passwordless_authorized": true,
        "registered_as": "platform",
        "transports": ["hybrid", "internal"],
        "user": {
            "alias1": joesmith,
            "alias2": null,
            "alias3": null,
            "alias4": null,
            "aliases": {},
            "created": 1677007225,
            "email": "",
            "enable_auto_prompt": true,
            "firstname": "",
            "is_enrolled": true,
            "last_directory_sync": null,
            "last_login": 1677007248,
            "lastname": "",
            "notes": "",
            "realname": "",
            "status": "active",
            "user_id": "DUDKPMBF009AHLHNDPDY",
            "username": "jsmith"
        },
        "uv_capable": true,
        "webauthnkey": "WAVTE9JYG4VSQU9LT1B4"
    },
    {
        "aaguid": "abcdefgh-123i-4jkl-5mno-6p789012q3rs",
        "admin": {
            "admin_id": "DEBMWJ05HTBZBU6LNCF3",
            "created": null,
            "email": "ellery.munson@example.com",
            "last_login": 1679420096,
            "name": "Ellery Munson"
        },
        "backup_eligible": false,
        "backup_status": false,
        "credential_id": "A1bCd3_Yx7Xy8Oj_uxJKODn3WFPH7Ml4wqqLIKj5ro",
        "credential_name": "Security key",
        "date_added": 1679413709,
        "date_last_used": 1706714235,
        "label": "Security key",
        "passwordless_authorized": false,
        "registered_as": "unknown",
        "transports": ["usb"],
        "user": null,
        "uv_capable": false,
        "webauthnkey": "WARRM3HNRDFF3L3AQLXW"
    },
  ]
}

    Retrieve WebAuthn Credentials by Key

    Return the single WebAuthn credential with webauthnkey. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission to retrieve a user's credential, and "Grant administrators - Read" or "Grant administrators - Write" API permission to retrieve an administrator's credential.

    GET /admin/v1/webauthncredentials/[webauthnkey]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No WebAuthn credential was found with the given webauthnkey or insufficient API permission to retrieve a credential attached to an administrator.

    Response Format

    Returns a single WebAuthn credential object. Refer to Retrieve WebAuthn Credentials for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
      "aaguid": "abcdefgh-123i-4jkl-5mno-6p789012q3rs",
      "admin": null,
      "backup_eligible": true,
      "backup_status": true,
      "credential_id": "A1bCd34efgH5I6jK6lmnoPQrS78",
      "credential_name": "Touch ID",
      "date_added": 1707422111,
      "label": "iCloud Keychain",
      "passwordless_authorized": true,
      "registered_as": "platform",
      "transports": ["hybrid", "internal"],
      "user": {
          "alias1": joesmith,
          "alias2": null,
          "alias3": null,
          "alias4": null,
          "aliases": {},
          "created": 1677007225,
          "email": "",
          "enable_auto_prompt": true,
          "firstname": "",
          "is_enrolled": true,
          "last_directory_sync": null,
          "last_login": 1677007248,
          "lastname": "",
          "notes": "",
          "realname": "",
          "status": "active",
          "user_id": "DUDKPMBF009AHLHNDPDY",
          "username": "jsmith"
      },
      "uv_capable": true,
      "webauthnkey": "WAVTE9JYG4VSQU9LT1B4"
  }
}

    Delete WebAuthn Credential

    Delete the WebAuthn credential with key webauthnkey from the system. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission to delete a credential from a user, and "Grant administrators - Write" API permission to delete a credential from an administrator.

    DELETE /admin/v1/webauthncredentials/[webauthnkey]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The WebAuthn credential with key webauthnkey was deleted.
    404 No WebAuthn credential was found with the given webauthnkey or insufficient API permission to retrieve a credential attached to an administrator.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Desktop Authenticators

    Per-user Desktop Authenticators Operations

    See Retrieve Desktop Authenticators by User ID.

    Retrieve Desktop Authenticators

    Returns a paged list of desktop authenticators. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/desktop_authenticators

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    daid The authenticator's ID.
    dakey The authenticator's Duo-specific identifier.
    device_name The endpoint's hostname.
    duo_desktop_version The version of Duo Desktop installed on the endpoint.
    os_family The endpoint's operating system platform.
    user Selected information about the end user attached to this Desktop Authenticator. See Retrieve User for descriptions of the response fields.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": [
    {
      "daid": 123,
      "dakey": "DDABCDE1FGHIJ23KL4M",
      "device_name": "RSANCHEZ-M-A12B",
      "duo_desktop_version": "6.12.0.0",
      "os_family": "Mac OS X",
      "user": {
        "alias1": null,
        "alias2": null,
        "alias3": null,
        "alias4": null,
        "aliases": {},
        "created": 1721156264,
        "email": "",
        "enable_auto_prompt": true,
        "firstname": "",
        "is_enrolled": true,
        "last_directory_sync": null,
        "last_login": 1721245422,
        "lastname": "",
        "notes": "",
        "realname": "",
        "status": "active",
        "user_id": "DABCDEFGHIJKL1MNOPQR",
        "username": "rsanchez"
      }
    },
    {
      "daid": 234,
      "dakey": "DDABCDE1FGHIJ23KL45",
      "device_name": "DESKTOP-ABC1234",
      "duo_desktop_version": "6.12.0",
      "os_family": "Windows",
      "user": {
        "alias1": null,
        "alias2": null,
        "alias3": null,
        "alias4": null,
        "aliases": {},
        "created": 1721156264,
        "email": "",
        "enable_auto_prompt": true,
        "firstname": "",
        "is_enrolled": true,
        "last_directory_sync": null,
        "last_login": 1721245422,
        "lastname": "",
        "notes": "",
        "realname": "",
        "status": "active",
        "user_id": "DABCDEFGHIJKL2MNOPQR",
        "username": "avandalay"
      }
    }
  ],
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Retrieve Desktop Authenticator by Key

    Return the single desktop authenticator with dakey. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/desktop_authenticators/[dakey]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No desktop authenticator was found with the given dakey.

    Response Format

    Returns a single desktop authenticator object. Refer to Retrieve Desktop Authenticators for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": {
    "daid": 123,
    "dakey": "DDABCDE1FGHIJ23KL4M",
    "device_name": "RSANCHEZ-M-A12B",
    "duo_desktop_version": "6.12.0.0",
    "os_family": "Mac OS X",
    "user": {
      "alias1": null,
      "alias2": null,
      "alias3": null,
      "alias4": null,
      "aliases": {},
      "created": 1721156264,
      "email": "",
      "enable_auto_prompt": true,
      "firstname": "",
      "is_enrolled": true,
      "last_directory_sync": null,
      "last_login": 1721245422,
      "lastname": "",
      "notes": "",
      "realname": "",
      "status": "active",
      "user_id": "DABCDEFGHIJKL1MNOPQR",
      "username": "rsanchez"
    }
  }
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Delete Desktop Authenticator

    Delete the desktop authenticator with key dakey from the system. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission to delete a desktop authenticator from a user.

    DELETE /admin/v1/desktop_authenticators/[dakey]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The desktop authenticator with key dakey was deleted.
    404 No desktop authenticator was found with the given dakey.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": "",
  "stat": "OK",
}

    Shared Device Authentication

    Retrieve Shared Device Authentication Configurations

    Returns Shared Device Authentication configurations. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permissions.

    GET /admin/v1/desktop_authenticators/shared_device_auth

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a list of shared device authentication configurations.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    active If true, users can authenticate with shared device authentication. Otherwise, false.
    groups A list of the user groups that are in the shared device authentication configuration. See Retrieve Groups for descriptions of the response fields.
    shared_device_key The shared device authentication configuration's Duo-specific identifier.
    name The shared device authentication configuration's name.
    trusted_endpoint_integrations A list of the management integrations that are in the shared device authentication configuration.
    Key Value
    name The management integration's name.
    trusted_endpoint_integration_id The management integration's ID.

    Example Response

    {
  "metadata": {
    "total_objects": 2
  },
  "response": [
    {
      "active": true,
      "created": "2024-09-03 14:20:52",
      "groups": [
        {
          "desc": "",
          "group_id": "DGABCDE1FGHI2345JKLM",
          "name": "NetAdmins",
          "status": "Active"
        },
        {
          "desc": "",
          "group_id": "DGABCDE1FGHI2345JKL6",
          "name": "Contractors",
          "status": "Active"
        }
      ],
      "shared_device_key": "DDAB1CDEFGHI2JKLMNO",
      "name": "Help Center 1",
      "trusted_endpoint_integrations": [
        {
          "name": "Generic with Duo Desktop",
          "trusted_endpoint_integration_id": "DMAB1CDEF2G34H5IJKLM"
        },
        {
          "name": "Meraki with Duo Desktop",
          "trusted_endpoint_integration_id": "DMAB1CDEF2G34H5IJKL6"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "active": false,
      "created": "2024-09-02 14:20:52",
      "groups": [
        {
          "desc": "",
          "group_id": "DGABCDE1FGHI2345JKL6",
          "name": "Help Desk",
          "status": "Active"
        }
      ],
      "shared_device_key": "DDAB1CDEFGHI2JKLMN3",
      "name": "Help Center 2",
      "trusted_endpoint_integrations": [
        {
          "name": "Manual with Duo Desktop",
          "trusted_endpoint_integration_id": "DMAB1CDEF2G34H5IJKL6"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Retrieve Shared Device Authentication Configuration by Key

    Returns a single Shared Device Authentication configuration with shared_device_key. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permissions.

    GET /admin/v1/desktop_authenticators/shared_device_auth/[shared_device_key]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No shared device authentication configuration was found with the given shared_device_key.

    Response Format

    Returns a single shared device authentication configuration. Refer to Retrieve Shared Device Authentication Configurations for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": [
    {
      "active": true,
      "created": "2024-09-03 14:20:52",
      "groups": [
        {
          "desc": "",
          "group_id": "DGABCDE1FGHI2345JKLM",
          "name": "NetAdmins",
          "status": "Active"
        },
        {
          "desc": "",
          "group_id": "DGABCDE1FGHI2345JKL6",
          "name": "Contractors",
          "status": "Active"
        }
      ],
      "shared_device_key": "DDAB1CDEFGHI2JKLMNO",
      "name": "Help Center 1",
      "trusted_endpoint_integrations": [
        {
          "name": "Generic with Duo Desktop",
          "trusted_endpoint_integration_id": "DMAB1CDEF2G34H5IJKLM"
        },
        {
          "name": "Meraki with Duo Desktop",
          "trusted_endpoint_integration_id": "DMAB1CDEF2G34H5IJKL6"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Create Shared Device Authentication Configuration

    Create a new shared device authentication configuration with specified management integrations and user groups. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/desktop_authenticators/shared_device_auth

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    group_id_list Required A list of one or more group’s IDs.
    trusted_endpoint_integration_id_list Required A list of one or more management integration’s IDs.
    active Optional Specify 1 to allow users to authenticate with shared device authentication. If 0, shared device authentication is inactive for users. Default: 1.
    name Optional The shared device authentication configuration's name.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 The values within trusted_endpoint_integration_id_list or group_id_list were either incorrect or missing.

    Response Format

    Returns the new shared device authentication configuration created. Refer to Retrieve Shared Device Authentication Configurations for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": [
    {
      "active": true,
      "created": "2024-09-03 14:20:52",
      "groups": [
        {
          "desc": "",
          "group_id": "DGABCDE1FGHI2345JKLM",
          "name": "NetAdmins",
          "status": "Active"
        },
        {
          "desc": "",
          "group_id": "DGABCDE1FGHI2345JKL6",
          "name": "Contractors",
          "status": "Active"
        }
      ],
      "shared_device_key": "DDAB1CDEFGHI2JKLMNO",
      "name": "Help Center 1",
      "trusted_endpoint_integrations": [
        {
          "name": "Generic with Duo Desktop",
          "trusted_endpoint_integration_id": "DMAB1CDEF2G34H5IJKLM"
        },
        {
          "name": "Meraki with Duo Desktop",
          "trusted_endpoint_integration_id": "DMAB1CDEF2G34H5IJKL6"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Update Shared Device Authentication Configuration

    Update a shared device authentication configuration with a specified shared_device_key. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    Note: This API call uses the PUT request method, which must be represented as JSON and cannot be passed in via URL parameters. Some Duo clients (Python or Java, for example) offer helper functions to handle requests to the Admin API.

    PUT /admin/v1/desktop_authenticators/shared_device_auth/[shared_device_key]

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    active Optional Specify 1 to allow users to authenticate with shared device authentication. If 0, shared device authentication is inactive for users.
    group_id_list Optional A list of one or more group’s IDs.
    name Optional The shared device authentication configuration's name.
    trusted_endpoint_integration_id_list Optional A list of one or more management integration’s IDs.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No shared device authentication configuration was found with the given shared_device_key.

    Response Format

    Returns the updated shared device authentication configuration. Refer to Retrieve Shared Device Authentication Configurations for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": [
    {
      "active": true,
      "created": "2024-09-03 14:20:52",
      "groups": [
        {
          "desc": "",
          "group_id": "DGABCDE1FGHI2345JKLM",
          "name": "NetAdmins",
          "status": "Active"
        },
        {
          "desc": "",
          "group_id": "DGABCDE1FGHI2345JKL6",
          "name": "Contractors",
          "status": "Active"
        }
      ],
      "shared_device_key": "DDAB1CDEFGHI2JKLMNO",
      "name": "Help Center 1",
      "trusted_endpoint_integrations": [
        {
          "name": "Generic with Duo Desktop",
          "trusted_endpoint_integration_id": "DMAB1CDEF2G34H5IJKLM"
        },
        {
          "name": "Meraki with Duo Desktop",
          "trusted_endpoint_integration_id": "DMAB1CDEF2G34H5IJKL6"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Delete Shared Device Authentication Configuration

    Delete a shared device authentication configuration with a specified shared_device_key. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/desktop_authenticators/shared_device_auth/[shared_device_key]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The shared device authentication configuration was deleted.
    404 No shared device authentication configuration was found with the given shared_device_key.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": "",
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Bypass Codes

    Per-user Bypass Code Operations

    See Create Bypass Codes for User and Retrieve Bypass Codes by User ID.

    Retrieve Bypass Codes

    Returns a paged list of information about all bypass codes. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. Output does not include the actual bypass codes. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/bypass_codes

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns metadata information for all bypass codes.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    admin_email The email address of the Duo administrator who created the bypass code.
    bypass_code_id The bypass code's identifier.
    created The bypass code creation date timestamp.
    expiration An integer indicating the expiration timestamp of the bypass code, or null if the bypass code does not expire on a certain date.
    reuse_count An integer indicating the number of times the bypass code may be used before expiring, or null if the bypass code has no limit on the number of times it may be used.
    user

    Selected information about the user attached to the bypass code. See Retrieve Users for descriptions of the response fields.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    {
    "admin_email": "janesmith@example.com",
    "bypass_code_id": "DB2A9F0012RL54001FA3",
    "created": 1522260759,
    "expiration": 1522264359,
    "reuse_count": 1,
    "user": {
      "alias1": "joe.smith",
      "alias2": "jsmith@example.com",
      "alias3": null,
      "alias4": null,
      "aliases": {
        "alias1": "joe.smith",
        "alias2": "jsmith@example.com"
      },
      "created": 1384275337,
      "email": "jsmith@example.com",
      "enable_auto_prompt": true,
      "external_id": "1a2345b6-7cd8-9e0f-g1hi-23j45kl6m789",
      "firstname": "",
      "is_enrolled": true,
      "last_directory_sync": 1384275337,
      "last_login": 1514922986,
      "lastname": "",
      "notes": "",
      "realname": "Joe Smith",
      "status": "active",
      "user_id": "DU3RP9I2WOC59VZX672N",
      "username": "jsmith"
    }
  ]
}

    Retrieve Bypass Code by ID

    Return information about a single bypass code with bypass_code_id. Output does not include the actual bypass code. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/bypass_codes/[bypass_code_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No bypass code was found with the given bypass_code_id.

    Response Format

    Returns a single bypass code object. Refer to Retrieve Bypass Codes for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "admin_email": "janesmith@example.com",
    "bypass_code_id": "DB2A9F0012RL54001FA3",
    "created": 1522260759,
    "expiration": 1522264359,
    "reuse_count": 1,
    "user": {
      "alias1": "joe.smith",
      "alias2": "jsmith@example.com",
      "alias3": null,
      "alias4": null,
      "aliases": {
        "alias1": "joe.smith",
        "alias2": "jsmith@example.com"
      },
      "created": 1384275337,
      "email": "jsmith@example.com",
      "enable_auto_prompt": true,
      "external_id": "1a2345b6-7cd8-9e0f-g1hi-23j45kl6m789",
      "firstname": "",
      "is_enrolled": true,
      "last_directory_sync": 1384275337,
      "last_login": 1514922986,
      "lastname": "",
      "notes": "",
      "realname": "Joe Smith",
      "status": "active",
      "user_id": "DU3RP9I2WOC59VZX672N",
      "username": "jsmith"
    }
  }
}

    Delete Bypass Code

    Delete the bypass code with ID bypass_code_id from the system. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/bypass_codes/[bypass_code_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The bypass code was deleted.
    404 No bypass code was found with the given bypass_code_id.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Integrations

    The Integrations v2 API does not use the same authentication and request signing detailed earlier in this document. Our Python, Go, Java, and Node.JS API clients have been updated with the new authentication and signing requirements and include support for the Integrations v2 API endpoints. We recommend you use the duo_client_python Python API client, the duo_api_golang Go API client, the duo_client_java Java API client, or the duo_api_nodejs Node.JS API client to interact with the Integrations v2 endpoints.

    Retrieve Integrations

    Returns a paged list of integrations. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v2/integrations

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    adminapi_admins

    Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission to create, modify, and delete Administrators and Administrative Units objects; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_admins_read

    Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission to read Administrators and Administrative Units objects; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_allow_to_set_permissions

    Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission to change the permissions for Admin API integrations via the API. If set to 0 then permissions for Admin API applications must be set in the Duo Admin Panel. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_info

    Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission to read Account Info; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_integrations

    Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission to create, modify, and delete Integrations objects; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_read_log

    Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission to read Logs information; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_read_resource

    Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission to retrieve objects like users, policies, phones, and hardware tokens; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_settings

    Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission to read and modify Settings information; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_write_resource

    Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission to modify and delete objects like users, policies, phones, and hardware tokens; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    enroll_policy

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and returns no value. Use Duo New User policies to configure this setting.
    frameless_auth_prompt_enabled

    Integer value of 1 if the integration has been updated to support Duo Universal Prompt, otherwise 0. Only appears for a given integration after Duo makes the frameless prompt available for that application, and the value is set to 1 automatically when Duo detects a frameless authentication for the integration.
    greeting

    Voice greeting read before the authentication instructions to users who authenticate with a phone callback.
    groups_allowed

    A list of groups, as group IDs, that are allowed to authenticate with the integration. If empty, all groups are allowed.
    integration_key

    Integration ID.
    ip_whitelist

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns an empty list. Use Duo Authorized Network policies to configure this for an application.
    ip_whitelist_enroll_policy

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns no value. Use Duo Authorized Network policies to configure this for an application.
    missing_web_referer_policy

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns deny.
    name

    The integration's name.
    networks_for_api_access

    A comma-separated list of IP addresses, IP ranges, or CIDRs specifying the networks allowed to access this API integration. Only returned for Accounts API and Admin API integrations.
    notes

    Description of the integration.
    policy_key

    The identifying policy key for the custom policy attached to the integration. Not shown if no policy attached to the integration.
    prompt_v4_enabled

    Integer value of 1 if Duo Universal Prompt is activated for the application, otherwise 0. Only appears for a given integration when frameless_auth_prompt_enabled is 1 (value set automatically when Duo detects a frameless authentication for the integration).
    secret_key

    Secret used when configuring systems to use this integration. The secret key will be hidden, showing only the last four characters.
    self_service_allowed

    Integer value of 1 if users may use self-service from this integration's 2FA prompt to update authentication devices, otherwise false (default). Supported on integrations that display the interactive traditional Duo Prompt or the Duo Universal Prompt in a web broswer.
    sso

    Information about your SSO integration. Only returned for SSO integrations. Refer to SSO Parameters for a list of valid values.
    trusted_device_days

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns no value. Use Duo Remembered Devices policies to configure this for an application.
    type Integration type. One of
    Type Description
    "1password" 1Password
    "accountsapi" Accounts API
    "adfs" Microsoft ADFS
    "adminapi" Admin API
    "aeries" Aeries SIS
    "agadobe_documentcloud" DAG - Adobe Document Cloud
    "agaha" DAG - Aha!
    "agasana" DAG - Asana
    "agaws" DAG - Amazon Web Services
    "agatlassian-cloud" DAG - Atlassian Cloud
    "agbamboohr" DAG - BambooHR
    "agbarracuda-waf" DAG - Barracuda WAF
    "agbluejeans" DAG - BlueJeans
    "agbomgar" DAG - Bomgar
    "agbonusly" DAG - Bonusly
    "agbox" DAG - Box
    "agbugsnag" DAG - Bugsnag
    "agcanvas" DAG - Canvas
    "agciscoasa" DAG - Cisco ASA
    "agclarizen" DAG - Clarizen
    "agcloudlock" DAG - CloudLock
    "agconfluence" DAG - Confluence
    "agcrashplan" DAG - CrashPlan
    "agcyberark" DAG - CyberArk Privileged Account Security
    "agdatadog" DAG - Datadog
    "agdesk" DAG - Desk
    "agdigicert" DAG - DigiCert
    "agdng" DAG - Duo Network Gateway
    "agdocusign" DAG - DocuSign
    "agdropbox" DAG - Dropbox
    "agduo-adminpanel" DAG - Duo Admin Panel
    "agegnyte" DAG - Egnyte
    "agevernote" DAG - Evernote
    "agexpensify" DAG - Expensify
    "agfacebook" DAG - Workplace by Facebook
    "agfreshdesk" DAG - Freshdesk
    "aggeneric" DAG - Service Provider
    "aggithub-business" DAG - GitHub.com for Business
    "aggithub-enterprise" DAG - GitHub Enterprise
    "aggoogle" DAG - Google Workspace
    "aggotomeeting" DAG - GoToMeeting
    "aggreenhouse" DAG - Greenhouse
    "aghackerone" DAG - HackerOne
    "aghackerrank" DAG - HackerRank for Work
    "agheroku" DAG - Heroku
    "aghipchat" DAG - HipChat
    "agigloo" DAG - Igloo
    "agintacct" DAG - Intacct
    "agjamf-jss" DAG - Jamf Pro
    "agjira" DAG - JIRA
    "agjitbit" DAG - Jitbit
    "aglooker" DAG - Looker
    "agmarketo" DAG - Marketo
    "agmeraki" DAG - Meraki
    "agmonday" DAG - Monday
    "agnamely" DAG - Namely
    "agnetdocuments" DAG - NetDocuments
    "agnewrelic" DAG - New Relic
    "agoffice365" DAG - Office 365
    "agopendns" DAG - Cisco Umbrella
    "agpagerduty" DAG - PagerDuty
    "agpaloalto-aperture" DAG - Palo Alto Networks Aperture
    "agpaloalto" DAG - Palo Alto Networks
    "agremedyforce" DAG - Remedyforce
    "agringcentral" DAG - RingCentral
    "agrobin" DAG - Robin
    "agsalesforce" DAG - Salesforce
    "agsamanage" DAG - Samanage
    "agsaucelabs" DAG - Sauce labs
    "agsharefile" DAG - ShareFile
    "agsignalsciences" DAG - Signal Sciences
    "agslack" DAG - Slack
    "agsmartsheet" DAG - Smartsheet
    "agstatuspageio" DAG - StatusPage.io
    "agsugarcrm" DAG - SugarCRM
    "agsumologic" DAG - Sumo Logic
    "agsyncplicity" DAG - Syncplicity
    "agtableau-online" DAG - Tableau Online
    "agtableau" DAG - Tableau
    "agudemy" DAG - Udemy
    "aguservoice" DAG - UserVoice
    "agwebex" DAG - Cisco Webex Meetings (with Site Admin)
    "agwebex-controlhub" DAG - Cisco Webex (with Control Hub)
    "agworkday" DAG - Workday
    "agzendesk" DAG - Zendesk
    "agzoom" DAG - Zoom
    "akamai-eaa" Akamai Enterprise Application Access
    "array" Array SSL VPN
    "aws-directory-service" AWS Directory Service
    "authapi" Auth API
    "azure-ca" Microsoft Azure Active Directory
    "barracuda" Barracuda SSL VPN
    "bitium" Bitium
    "bitwarden" Bitwarden
    "bomgar" Bomgar
    "caradigm" Caradigm
    "cas" CAS (Central Authentication Service)
    "checkpoint" Check Point VPN
    "cisco" Cisco ASA SSL VPN
    "ciscofirepower" Cisco Firepower Threat Defense VPN
    "ciscoiseadminapi" Cisco ISE Admin API
    "ciscoiseauthapi" Cisco ISE Auth API
    "ciscoiseradius" Cisco ISE
    "ciscoradius" Cisco RADIUS VPN
    "citrixcag" Citrix Access Gateway
    "citrixns" NetScaler
    "clearpass" Aruba ClearPass
    "confluence" Confluence
    "cyberark" CyberArk Privileged Account Security LDAP/RADIUS
    "cyberarkweb" CyberArk Privileged Account Security
    "dag" Duo Access Gateway Launcher
    "device" Device API
    "device-management-portal" Device Management Portal
    "dng" Duo Network Gateway - Web Application
    "dng-rdp" Duo Network Gateway - RDP Relay
    "dng-smb" Duo Network Gateway - SMB Relay
    "dng-ssh" Duo Network Gateway - SSH Relay
    "drawbridgenetworks" OPAQ 360
    "drupal" Drupal
    "epic" Epic Hyperspace
    "f5bigip" F5 BIG-IP APM
    "f5bigipweb" F5 BIG-IP APM Web
    "f5firepass" F5 FirePass SSL VPN
    "fortinet" Fortinet FortiGate SSL VPN
    "greyheller" Appsian Security Platform
    "huntress" Huntress
    "jira" JIRA
    "juniper" Juniper SSL VPN
    "juniperuac" Juniper UAC
    "keeper" Keeper Security
    "labtech" LabTech Software
    "lastpass" LastPass
    "ldapproxy" LDAP Proxy
    "macos" macOS
    "merakiradius" Meraki RADIUS VPN
    "microsoft-eam" Microsoft Entra ID: External Authentication Methods
    "myworkdrive" MyWorkDrive
    "netmotion" NetMotion Mobility
    "oam" Oracle Access Manager
    "okta" Okta
    "onelogin" OneLogin
    "openvpn" OpenVPN
    "openvpnas" OpenVPN Access Server
    "owa" Microsoft OWA
    "paloalto" Palo Alto SSL VPN
    "partner_authapi" Partner Auth API
    "partner_websdk" Partner WebSDK
    "pingfederate" PingFederate
    "portal" User Self-enrollment Portal (Bulk and Email enrollment)
    "radius" RADIUS
    "rdgateway" Microsoft RD Gateway
    "rdp" Microsoft RDP
    "rdweb" Microsoft RD Web
    "resilient" Resilient Systems
    "rest" Auth API
    "rras" Microsoft RRAS
    "sailpoint" SailPoint API
    "sailpointweb" SailPoint Web
    "samlidp" SAML IdP
    "shibboleth" Shibboleth
    "securex-dashboard" Cisco SecureX Dashboard
    "sonicwallsra" SonicWALL SRA SSL VPN
    "sophosutm" Sophos UTM
    "splunk" Splunk
    "sso-generic" Generic SAML Service Provider
    "sso-oauth-client-credentials" OAuth 2.0 Client Credentials
    "sso-oidc-generic" Generic OIDC Relying Party
    "thycotic" Delinea Secret Server
    "tmg" Microsoft TMG
    "uag" Microsoft UAG
    "unix" Unix Application
    "verify" Verify API
    "vmwareview" VMWare View
    "websdk" Web SDK
    "workday" Workday
    "wordpress" WordPress
    username_normalization_policy This controls whether or not usernames should be altered before trying to match them to a user account. Always blank for SSO integrations. One of:
    Policy Description
    "None" The username will be used as is.
    "Simple" Both "DOMAIN\username" and "username@example.com" will be normalized to "username" when logging in.
    web_referers_enabled

    Integer value of 1 if allowed hostnames has been configured; otherwise 0. Only configurable for integrations that still use the traditional Duo Prompt in an iframe.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    {
      "adminapi_admins": 0,
      "adminapi_admins_read": 0,
      "adminapi_allow_to_set_permissions": 0,
      "adminapi_info": 0,
      "adminapi_integrations": 0,
      "adminapi_read_log": 0,
      "adminapi_read_resource": 0,
      "adminapi_settings": 0,
      "adminapi_write_resource": 0,
      "enroll_policy": "",
      "frameless_auth_prompt_enabled": 1,
      "greeting": "Welcome to Duo.",
      "groups_allowed": [],
      "integration_key": "DIRWIH0ZZPV4G88B37VQ",
      "ip_whitelist": [],
      "ip_whitelist_enroll_policy": "",
      "missing_web_referer_policy": "deny",
      "name": "Generic SAML Service Provider",
      "notes": "",
      "policy_key": "POHSLA8SP00LABDAD98Y",
      "prompt_v4_enabled": 1,
      "secret_key": "************************************HazY7",
      "self_service_allowed": false,
      "sso": {
          "idp_metadata": {
            "cert": "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----MIIDDTCCAfW...gAwIBAgIUAdARSAE-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n",
            "entity_id": "https://sso-abc1def2.sso.duosecurity.com/saml2/idp/RI6WF1LHX9N8GBOEPGZR/metadata",
            "metadata_url": "https://sso-abc1def2.sso.duosecurity.com/saml2/idp/RI6WF1LHX9N8GBOEPGZR/metadata",
            "slo_url": "https://sso-abc1def2.sso.duosecurity.com/saml2/idp/RI6WF1LHX9N8GBOEPGZR/slo",
            "sso_url": "https://sso-abc1def2.sso.duosecurity.com/saml2/idp/RI6WF1LHX9N8GBOEPGZR/sso"
          },
          "saml_config": {
            "acs_urls": [],
            "assertion_encryption_algorithm": null,
            "attribute_transformations": [],
            "encrypt_assertion": false,
            "entity_id": "",
            "key_transport_encryption_algorithm": null,
            "mapped_attrs": {},
            "nameid_attribute": "",
            "nameid_format": "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:unspecified",
            "relaystate": null,
            "remote_cert": null,
            "role_attrs": {},
            "sign_assertion": true,
            "sign_response": true,
            "signing_algorithm": "http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmldsig-more#rsa-sha256",
            "slo_url": "",
            "spinitiated_url": null,
            "static_attrs": null
          }
      },
      "trusted_device_days": 0,
      "type": "websdk",
      "username_normalization_policy": "None",
      "web_referers_enabled": 0
    },
    {
      "adminapi_admins": 0,
      "adminapi_admins_read": 0,
      "adminapi_allow_to_set_permissions": 0,
      "adminapi_info": 0,
      "adminapi_integrations": 0,
      "adminapi_read_log": 1,
      "adminapi_read_resource": 0,
      "adminapi_settings": 0,
      "adminapi_write_resource": 0,
      "enroll_policy": "",
      "greeting": "Welcome to Duo.",
      "groups_allowed": [],
      "integration_key": "DIRWIH0ZZPV4GJ05H7VQ",
      "name": "Admin API",
      "networks_for_api_access": "",
      "notes": "",
      "secret_key": "************************************HazY7",
      "self_service_allowed": false,
      "type": "adminapi",
      "username_normalization_policy": "None",
    }
  ]
}

    Retrieve Integrations (Legacy v1)

    Returns a paged list of integrations. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. This v1 API endpoint cannot retrieve Duo Single Sign-On applications and returns integrations' secret keys in plain text. Consider migrating to the v2 endpoint. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/integrations

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    adminapi_admins Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission for Administrators methods; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_admins_read

    Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission to read Administrators and Administrative Units objects; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_allow_to_set_permissions

    Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission to change the permissions for Admin API integrations via the API. If set to 0 then permissions for Admin API applications must be set in the Duo Admin Panel. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_info Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission for Account Info methods; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_integrations Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission for Integrations methods; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_read_log Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission for Logs methods; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_read_resource Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission to retrieve objects like users, phones, and hardware tokens; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_settings Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission for Settings methods; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    adminapi_write_resource Integer value of 1 if the integration has been granted permission to modify objects like users, phones, and hardware tokens; otherwise 0. Returned for all integration types but only applicable to Admin API integrations (adminapi type).
    enroll_policy

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and returns no value. Use Duo New User policies to configure this setting.
    frameless_auth_prompt_enabled Integer value of 1 if the integration has been updated to support Duo Universal Prompt, otherwise 0. Only appears for a given integration after Duo makes the frameless prompt available for that application, and the value is set to 1 automatically when Duo detects a frameless authentication for the integration.
    greeting Voice greeting read before the authentication instructions to users who authenticate with a phone callback.
    groups_allowed A list of groups, as group IDs, that are allowed to authenticate with the integration. If empty, all groups are allowed.
    integration_key Integration ID.
    ip_whitelist

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns an empty list. Use Duo Authorized Network policies to configure this for an application.
    ip_whitelist_enroll_policy

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns no value. Use Duo Authorized Network policies to configure this for an application.
    name The integration's name.
    networks_for_api_access A comma-separated list of IP addresses, IP ranges, or CIDRs specifying the networks allowed to access this API integration. Only returned for Accounts API and Admin API integrations.
    notes Description of the integration.
    policy_key The identifying policy key for the custom policy attached to the integration. Not shown if no policy attached to the integration.
    prompt_v4_enabled Integer value of 1 if Duo Universal Prompt is activated for the application, otherwise 0. Only appears for a given integration when frameless_auth_prompt_enabled is 1 (value set automatically when Duo detects a frameless authentication for the integration).
    secret_key Secret used when configuring systems to use this integration.
    self_service_allowed Integer value of 1 if users may use self-service from this integration's 2FA prompt to update authentication devices, otherwise false (default). Supported integrations display the interactive Duo authentication prompt in a web browser.

    Note: The v1 API response does not include information about Duo Single Sign-On applications.
    type Integration type. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of valid values.

    Note: The v1 API response does not include information about Duo Single Sign-On applications.
    trusted_device_days

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns no value. Use Duo Remembered Devices policies to configure this for an application.
    username_normalization_policy This controls whether or not usernames should be altered before trying to match them to a user account. One of:
    Policy Description
    "None" The username will be used as is.
    "Simple" Both "DOMAIN\username" and "username@example.com" will be normalized to "username" when logging in.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [
    {
      "adminapi_admins": 0,
      "adminapi_admins_read": 0,
      "adminapi_allow_to_set_permissions": 0,
      "adminapi_info": 0,
      "adminapi_integrations": 0,
      "adminapi_read_log": 0,
      "adminapi_read_resource": 0,
      "adminapi_settings": 0,
      "adminapi_write_resource": 0,
      "enroll_policy": "",
      "frameless_auth_prompt_enabled": 1,
      "greeting": "Welcome to Duo.",
      "groups_allowed": [],
      "integration_key": "DIRWIH0ZZPV4G88B37VQ",
      "ip_whitelist": [],
      "ip_whitelist_enroll_policy": "",
      "name": "Web Application",
      "notes": "",
      "policy_key": "POHSLA8SP00LABDAD98Y",
      "prompt_v4_enabled": 1,
      "secret_key": "QO4ZLqQVRIOZYkHfdPDORfcNf8LeXIbCWwHazY7",
      "self_service_allowed": false,
      "trusted_device_days": 0,
      "type": "websdk",
      "username_normalization_policy": "None"
    },
    {
      "adminapi_admins": 0,
      "adminapi_admins_read": 0,
      "adminapi_allow_to_set_permissions": 0,
      "adminapi_info": 0,
      "adminapi_integrations": 0,
      "adminapi_read_log": 1,
      "adminapi_read_resource": 0,
      "adminapi_settings": 0,
      "adminapi_write_resource": 0,
      "enroll_policy": "",
      "greeting": "Welcome to Duo.",
      "groups_allowed": [],
      "integration_key": "DIRWIH0ZZPV4GJ05H7VQ",
      "name": "Admin API",
      "networks_for_api_access": "",
      "notes": "",
      "secret_key": "QO4ZLqQVRIOZYkHfdPDORj05h8LeXIbCWwHazY7",
      "self_service_allowed": false,
      "type": "adminapi",
      "username_normalization_policy": "None"
    }
  ]
}

    Create Integration

    Create a new integration. The new integration key and secret key are randomly generated and returned in the response. Requires "Grant applications" API permission.

    Note: This API call uses POST data, which must be represented as JSON and cannot be passed in via URL parameters. Some Duo clients (Python or Java, for example) offer helper functions to handle requests to the Admin API.

    POST /admin/v2/integrations

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    name Required The name of the integration to create.
    type Required

    The type of the integration to create.

    Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of valid values. Duo Single Sign-On applications can only be created using the v2 endpoint. Integrations of type "azure-ca" (Microsoft Azure Active Directory) and "microsoft-eam" (Microsoft Entra ID: External Authentication Methods) may not be created via API. If an integration has reached the Duo end of support then new instances of that integration may not be created with the API.
    adminapi_admins Optional

    Set to 1to grant to grant an Admin API integration permission to create, modify, and delete all Administrators and Administrative Units objects.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_admins_read Optional

    Set to 1 to grant an Admin API integration permission to read Administrators and Administrative Units objects.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_allow_to_set_permissions Optional Set to 1 to grant an Admin API integration permission to change the permissions for Admin API integrations via the API. If left at 0 then permissions for Admin API applications must be set in the Duo Admin Panel.

    Default: 0.

    adminapi_info Optional

    Set to 1 to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Account Info methods.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_integrations Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Integrations methods.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_read_log Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Logs methods.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_read_resource Optional Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission to retrieve objects like users, phones, and hardware tokens.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_settings Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Settings methods.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_write_resource Optional Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission to create, modify, and delete objects like users, phones, and hardware tokens.

    Default: 0.
    enroll_policy Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and returns no value. Use Duo New User policies to configure this setting.

    What to do after an unenrolled user passes primary authentication.
    greeting Optional Voice greeting read before the authentication instructions to users who authenticate with a phone callback.
    groups_allowed Optional A comma-separated list of group IDs that are allowed to authenticate with the integration. If empty, all groups are allowed.

    Object limits: 100 groups per integration.
    ip_whitelist Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns an empty list. Use Duo Authorized Network policies to configure this for an application.
    ip_whitelist_enroll_policy Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns no value. Use Duo Authorized Network policies to configure this for an application.

    What to do after a new user from a trusted IP completes primary authentication.
    networks_for_api_access Optional A comma-separated list of IP addresses, IP ranges, or CIDRs specifying the networks allowed to access this API integration. Only applicable to Accounts API and Admin API integrations. A given API integration may apply a network restriction to itself via API; use a different API integration to apply the network restriction, or edit the API application in the Duo Admin Panel GUI.
    notes Optional Description of the integration.
    trusted_device_days Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns 0. Use Duo Remembered Devices policies to configure this for an application.
    self_service_allowed Optional Set to 1to grant an integration permission to allow users to manage their own devices. This is only supported by integrations which allow for self service configuration.
    sso Optional

    If creating an SSO integration, refer to SSO parameters.
    username_normalization_policy Optional

    Policy for whether or not usernames should be altered before trying to match them to a user account. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of valid values.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns the newly created integration.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, one-to-many object limit reached, integration already exists with the given name, or insufficient Admin API permissions.
    500 Other internal error.

    Response Format

    Returns the created single integration object. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Integration by Integration Key.

    Create Integration (Legacy v1)

    Create a new integration. The new integration key and secret key are randomly generated and returned in the response. This v1 API endpoint cannot create Duo Single Sign-On applications and returns the integration's secret key in plain text. Consider migrating to the v2 endpoint. Requires "Grant applications" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/integrations

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    name Required The name of the integration to create.
    type Required

    The type of the integration to create.

    Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of valid values. Duo Single Sign-On applications can only be created using the v2 endpoint. Integrations of type "azure-ca" (Microsoft Azure Active Directory) "microsoft-eam" (Microsoft Entra ID: External Authentication Methods) may not be created via API. If an integration has reached the Duo end of support then new instances of that integration may not be created with the API.
    adminapi_admins Optional

    Set to 1to grant to grant an Admin API integration permission to create, modify, and delete all Administrators and Administrative Units objects.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_admins_read Optional

    Set to 1 to grant an Admin API integration permission to read Administrators and Administrative Units objects.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_allow_to_set_permissions Optional Set to 1 to grant an Admin API integration permission to change the permissions for Admin API integrations via the API. If left at 0 then permissions for Admin API applications must be set in the Duo Admin Panel.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_info Optional

    Set to 1 to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Account Info methods.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_integrations Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Integrations methods.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_read_log Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Logs methods.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_read_resource Optional Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission to retrieve objects like users, phones, and hardware tokens.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_settings Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Settings methods.

    Default: 0.
    adminapi_write_resource Optional Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission to create, modify, and delete objects like users, phones, and hardware tokens.

    Default: 0.
    enroll_policy Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and returns no value. Use Duo New User policies to configure this setting.

    What to do after an unenrolled user passes primary authentication.
    greeting Optional Voice greeting read before the authentication instructions to users who authenticate with a phone callback.
    groups_allowed Optional A comma-separated list of group IDs that are allowed to authenticate with the integration. If empty, all groups are allowed.

    Object limits: 100 groups per integration.
    ip_whitelist Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns an empty list. Use Duo Authorized Network policies to configure this for an application.
    ip_whitelist_enroll_policy Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns no value. Use Duo Authorized Network policies to configure this for an application.

    What to do after a new user from a trusted IP completes primary authentication.
    networks_for_api_access Optional A comma-separated list of IP addresses, IP ranges, or CIDRs specifying the networks allowed to access this API integration. Only applicable to Accounts API and Admin API integrations. A given API integration may apply a network restriction to itself via API; use a different API integration to apply the network restriction, or edit the API application in the Duo Admin Panel GUI.
    notes Optional Description of the integration.
    trusted_device_days Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns 0. Use Duo Remembered Devices policies to configure this for an application.
    self_service_allowed Optional Set to 1to grant an integration permission to allow users to manage their own devices. This is only supported by integrations which allow for self service configuration.
    username_normalization_policy Optional

    Policy for whether or not usernames should be altered before trying to match them to a user account. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of valid values.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns the newly created integration.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, one-to-many object limit reached, integration already exists with the given name, or insufficient Admin API permissions.
    500 Other internal error.

    Response Format

    Returns the created single integration object. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Integration by Integration Key.

    Retrieve Integration by Integration Key

    Return the single integration with integration_key. Requires "Grant applications" API permission.

    GET /admin/v2/integrations/[integration_key]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No integration was found with the given integration_key.

    Response Format

    Returns the single integration object. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
      "adminapi_admins": 0,
      "adminapi_admins_read": 0,
      "adminapi_allow_to_set_permissions": 0,
      "adminapi_info": 0,
      "adminapi_integrations": 0,
      "adminapi_read_log": 0,
      "adminapi_read_resource": 0,
      "adminapi_settings": 0,
      "adminapi_write_resource": 0,
      "enroll_policy": "",
      "frameless_auth_prompt_enabled": 1,
      "greeting": "Welcome to Duo.",
      "groups_allowed": [],
      "integration_key": "DIRWIH0ZZPV4G88B37VQ",
      "ip_whitelist": [],
      "ip_whitelist_enroll_policy": "",
      "missing_web_referer_policy": "deny",
      "name": "Generic SAML Service Provider",
      "notes": "",
      "policy_key": "POHSLA8SP00LABDAD98Y",
      "prompt_v4_enabled": 1,
      "secret_key": "************************************HazY7",
      "self_service_allowed": false,
      "sso": {
          "idp_metadata": {
            "cert": "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----MIIDDTCCAfW...gAwIBAgIUAdARSAE-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n",
            "entity_id": "https://sso-abc1def2.sso.duosecurity.com/saml2/idp/RI6WF1LHX9N8GBOEPGZR/metadata",
            "metadata_url": "https://sso-abc1def2.sso.duosecurity.com/saml2/idp/RI6WF1LHX9N8GBOEPGZR/metadata",
            "slo_url": "https://sso-abc1def2.sso.duosecurity.com/saml2/idp/RI6WF1LHX9N8GBOEPGZR/slo",
            "sso_url": "https://sso-abc1def2.sso.duosecurity.com/saml2/idp/RI6WF1LHX9N8GBOEPGZR/sso"
          },
          "saml_config": {
            "acs_urls": [],
            "assertion_encryption_algorithm": null,
            "attribute_transformations": [],
            "encrypt_assertion": false,
            "entity_id": "",
            "key_transport_encryption_algorithm": null,
            "mapped_attrs": {},
            "nameid_attribute": "",
            "nameid_format": "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:unspecified",
            "relaystate": null,
            "remote_cert": null,
            "role_attrs": {},
            "sign_assertion": true,
            "sign_response": true,
            "signing_algorithm": "http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmldsig-more#rsa-sha256",
            "slo_url": "",
            "spinitiated_url": null,
            "static_attrs": null
          }
      },
      "trusted_device_days": 0,
      "type": "websdk",
      "username_normalization_policy": "None",
      "web_referers_enabled": 0
  }
}

    Retrieve Integration by Integration Key (Legacy v1)

    Return the single integration with integration_key. This v1 API endpoint cannot retrieve Duo Single Sign-On applications and returns the integration's secret key in plain text. Consider migrating to the v2 endpoint. Requires "Grant applications" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/integrations/[integration_key]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No integration was found with the given integration_key.

    Response Format

    Returns the single integration object. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "adminapi_admins": 0,
    "adminapi_admins_read": 0,
    "adminapi_allow_to_set_permissions": 0,
    "adminapi_info": 0,
    "adminapi_integrations": 0,
    "adminapi_read_log": 0,
    "adminapi_read_resource": 0,
    "adminapi_settings": 0,
    "adminapi_write_resource": 0,
    "enroll_policy": "",
    "frameless_auth_prompt_enabled": 1,
    "greeting": "Welcome to Duo.",
    "groups_allowed": [],
    "integration_key": "DIRWIH0ZZPV4G88B37VQ",
    "ip_whitelist": [],
    "ip_whitelist_enroll_policy": "",
    "name": "Web Application",
    "notes": "",
    "policy_key": "POHSL88SP00LABDAD98Y",
    "prompt_v4_enabled": 1,
    "secret_key": "QO4ZLqQVRIOZYkHfdPDORfcNf8LeXIbCWwHazY7",
    "self_service_allowed": false,
    "trusted_device_days": 0,
    "type": "websdk",
    "username_normalization_policy": "None"
  }
}

    Modify Integration

    Change the name, greeting, and/or notes of the integration with integration key integration_key, or reset its secret key. When modifying an Admin API integration permissions can also be added or removed. Requires "Grant applications" API permission.

    Note: This API call uses POST data, which must be represented as JSON and cannot be passed in via URL parameters. Some Duo clients (Python or Java, for example) offer helper functions to handle requests to the Admin API.

    POST /admin/v2/integrations/[integration_key]

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    adminapi_admins Optional

    Set to 1 to grant an Admin API integration permission to create, modify, or delete Administrators and Administrative Units objects or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_admins_read Optional

    Set to 1 to grant an Admin API integration permission to read Administrators and Administrative Units objects or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_allow_to_set_permissions Optional Set to 1 to grant an Admin API integration permission to change the permissions for Admin API integrations via the API or 0 to require that permissions for Admin API applications must be set in the Duo Admin Panel.
    adminapi_info Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Account Info methods or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_integrations Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Integrations methods or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_read_log Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Logs methods or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_read_resource Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission to retrieve objects like users, phones, and hardware tokens or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_settings Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Settings methods or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_write_resource Optional Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission to create, modify, and delete objects like users, phones, and hardware tokens or 0 to remove access to them.
    trusted_device_days Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns 0. Use Duo Remembered Devices policies to configure this for an application.

    Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of supported integrations.
    enroll_policy Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and returns no value. Use Duo New User policies to configure this setting.

    New policy for what to do after an unenrolled user passes primary authentication. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of valid values.
    greeting Optional New voice greeting. Will be read before the authentication instructions to users who authenticate with a phone callback.
    groups_allowed Optional A comma-separated list of group IDs that are allowed to authenticate with the integration. If set to an empty string, all groups will be allowed.

    Object limits: 100 groups per integration.
    ip_whitelist Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns an empty list. Use Duo Authorized Network policies to configure this for an application.

    Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of supported integrations.
    ip_whitelist_enroll_policy Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns no value. Use Duo Authorized Network policies to configure this for an application.

    New policy for what to do after a new user from a trusted IP completes primary authentication. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of valid values.
    name Optional New name for the integration.
    networks_for_api_access Optional A comma-separated list of IP addresses, IP ranges, or CIDRs specifying the networks allowed to access this API integration. Only applicable to Accounts API and Admin API integrations. A given API integration may apply a network restriction to itself via API; use a different API integration to apply the network restriction, or edit the API application in the Duo Admin Panel GUI.
    notes Optional New description of the integration.
    policy_key Optional

    Specify the "Policy Key" value for a custom policy to attach it to the specified integration. Obtain a policy's key by viewing it in the Duo Admin Panel's "Policies" page or from the output of Retrieve Integrations. Leave the value blank to detach the currently attached policy from an integration.
    prompt_v4_enabled Optional Set to 1 to activate Duo Universal Prompt for the application, or to 0 to revert back to traditional prompt. Only appears for a given integration when frameless_auth_prompt_enabled is 1 (value set automatically when Duo detects a frameless authentication for the integration).
    reset_secret_key Optional If set to 1, resets the integration's secret key to a new, randomly generated value. The new secret key is returned in the return value. Attempting to reset the secret key for the same Admin API integration whose integration key and secret key are used to make this call will return an error. Can not be used with SSO applications.
    self_service_allowed Optional Set to 1 to grant an integration permission to allow users to manage their own devices. This is only supported by integrations which allow for self service configuration.
    sso Optional

    If modifying an SSO integration, refer to SSO parameters.
    username_normalization_policy Optional

    New policy for whether or not usernames should be altered before trying to match them to a user account. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of valid values.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200

    The integration was modified successfully. Also returns the integration object (see Retrieve Integration by Integration Key).
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, one-to-many object limit reached, an integration already exists with the given name, insufficient Admin API permissions, or attempting to reset the secret key used to sign this API request.
    404 No integration was found with the given integration_key.
    500 Other internal error.

    Response Format

    Returns the modified single integration object. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Integration by Integration Key.

    Modify Integration (Legacy v1)

    Change the name, greeting, and/or notes of the integration with integration key integration_key, or reset its secret key. When modifying an Admin API integration permissions can also be added or removed. This v1 API endpoint cannot modifyDuo Single Sign-On applications and returns the integration's secret key in plain text. Consider migrating to the v2 endpoint. Requires "Grant applications" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/integrations/[integration_key]

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    name Optional New name for the integration.
    networks_for_api_access Optional A comma-separated list of IP addresses, IP ranges, or CIDRs specifying the networks allowed to access this API integration. Only applicable to Accounts API and Admin API integrations. A given API integration may apply a network restriction to itself via API; use a different API integration to apply the network restriction, or edit the API application in the Duo Admin Panel GUI.
    adminapi_admins Optional

    Set to 1 to grant an Admin API integration permission to create, modify, or delete Administrators and Administrative Units objects or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_admins_read Optional

    Set to 1 to grant an Admin API integration permission to read Administrators and Administrative Units objects or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_allow_to_set_permissions Optional Set to 1 to grant an Admin API integration permission to change the permissions for Admin API integrations via the API or 0 to require that permissions for Admin API applications must be set in the Duo Admin Panel.
    adminapi_info Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Account Info methods or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_integrations Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Integrations methods or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_read_log Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Logs methods or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_read_resource Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission to retrieve objects like users, phones, and hardware tokens or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_settings Optional

    Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission for all Settings methods or 0 to remove access to them.
    adminapi_write_resource Optional Set to 1to grant an Admin API integration permission to create and modify objects like users, phones, and hardware tokens or 0 to remove access to them.
    trusted_device_days Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns 0. Use Duo Remembered Devices policies to configure this for an application.

    Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of supported integrations.
    enroll_policy Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and returns no value. Use Duo New User policies to configure this setting.

    New policy for what to do after an unenrolled user passes primary authentication. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of valid values.
    greeting Optional New voice greeting. Will be read before the authentication instructions to users who authenticate with a phone callback.
    groups_allowed Optional A comma-separated list of group IDs that are allowed to authenticate with the integration. If set to an empty string, all groups will be allowed.

    Object limits: 100 groups per integration.
    ip_whitelist Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns an empty list. Use Duo Authorized Network policies to configure this for an application.

    Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of supported integrations.
    ip_whitelist_enroll_policy Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns no value. Use Duo Authorized Network policies to configure this for an application.

    New policy for what to do after a new user from a trusted IP completes primary authentication. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of valid values.
    notes Optional New description of the integration.
    policy_key Optional

    Specify the "Policy Key" value for a custom policy to attach it to the specified integration. Obtain a policy's key by viewing it in the Duo Admin Panel's "Policies" page or from the output of Retrieve Integrations. Leave the value blank to detach the currently attached policy from an integration.
    prompt_v4_enabled Optional Set to 1 to activate Duo Universal Prompt for the application, or to 0 to revert back to traditional prompt. Only appears for a given integration when frameless_auth_prompt_enabled is 1 (value set automatically when Duo detects a frameless authentication for the integration).
    reset_secret_key Optional If set to 1, resets the integration's secret key to a new, randomly generated value. The new secret key is returned in the return value. Attempting to reset the secret key for the same Admin API integration whose integration key and secret key are used to make this call will return an error. Can not be used with SSO applications.
    self_service_allowed Optional Set to 1 to grant an integration permission to allow users to manage their own devices. This is only supported by integrations which allow for self service configuration.
    username_normalization_policy Optional

    New policy for whether or not usernames should be altered before trying to match them to a user account. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for a list of valid values.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200

    The integration was modified successfully. Also returns the integration object (see Retrieve Integration by Integration Key).
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, one-to-many object limit reached, an integration already exists with the given name, insufficient Admin API permissions, or attempting to reset the secret key used to sign this API request.
    404 No integration was found with the given integration_key.
    500 Other internal error.

    Response Format

    Returns the modified single integration object. Refer to Retrieve Integrations for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Integration by Integration Key.

    Delete Integration

    WARNING: Deleting an integration from Duo can block user logins!

    Be sure to remove Duo authentication from your product's configuration before you delete the corresponding integration.

    Depending on the application this could mean uninstalling Duo software from your systems, or updating your device or application settings to no longer include Duo in the authentication process.

    There is no way to restore an integration deleted in error with Admin API.

    Delete the integration with integration_key from the system. Attempting to delete the Admin API integration whose secret key is used to sign this request will return an error. Requires "Grant applications" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v2/integrations/[integration_key]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The integration was deleted or did not exist.
    400 Attempting to delete the integration whose secret key was used to sign this API request.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Delete Integration (Legacy v1)

    WARNING: Deleting an integration from Duo can block user logins!

    Be sure to remove Duo authentication from your product's configuration before you delete the corresponding integration.

    Depending on the application this could mean uninstalling Duo software from your systems, or updating your device or application settings to no longer include Duo in the authentication process.

    There is no way to restore an integration deleted in error with Admin API.

    Delete the integration with integration_key from the system. Attempting to delete the Admin API integration whose secret key is used to sign this request will return an error.

    This v1 API endpoint cannot delete Duo Single Sign-On applications.

    Consider migrating to the v2 endpoint. Requires "Grant applications" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/integrations/[integration_key]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The integration was deleted or did not exist.
    400 Attempting to delete the integration whose secret key was used to sign this API request.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Retrieve Secret Key

    Retrieve the skey for the specified integration. Requires "Grant applications" API permission. Does not work for SSO integrations.

    This endpoint does not use the same authentication and request signing detailed earlier in this document. Our Python, Go, Java, and Node.JS API clients have been updated with the new authentication and signing requirements and include support for this endpoint operation. We recommend you use the duo_client_python Python API client, the duo_api_golang Go API client, the duo_client_java Java API client, or the duo_api_nodejs Node.JS API client to perform this operation.

    GET /admin/v1/integrations/[integration_key]/skey

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The skey was successfully returned.
    400 No integration was found with the given integration_key.

    Response Format

    Returns the skey.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": {
    "skey": "Zh5eGmUq9zpfQnyUIu5OL9iWoMMv5ZNmk3zLJ4Ep"
  },
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Retrieve Client Secret for an OAuth Integration

    Retrieve the client_secret for the specified OAuth integration. Requires "Grant applications" API permission.

    GET /admin/v2/integrations/oauth_cc/[integration_key]/client_secret/[client_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The client_secret was successfully returned.
    400 Invalid parameters or no client was found with the given client_id.
    404 No integration was found with the given integration_key.

    Response Format

    Returns the client_secret.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": {
    "client_secret": "Zh5eGmUq9zpfQnyUIu5OL9iWoMMv5ZNmk3zLJ4Ep"
  },
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Reset Client Secret for an OAuth Integration

    Reset the client_secret for the specified OAuth integration. Requires "Grant applications" API permission.

    POST /admin/v2/integrations/oauth_cc/[integration_key]/client_secret/[client_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The client_secret was successfully reset.
    400 Invalid parameters or no client was found with the given client_id.
    404 No integration was found with the given integration_key.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": {},
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Retrieve Client Secret for an OIDC Integration

    Retrieve the client_secret for the specified OIDC integration. Requires "Grant applications" API permission.

    GET /admin/v2/integrations/oidc/[integration_key]/client_secret

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The client_secret was successfully returned.
    404 No integration was found with the given integration_key.

    Response Format

    Returns the client_secret.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": {
    "client_secret": "Zh5eGmUq9zpfQnyUIu5OL9iWoMMv5ZNmk3zLJ4Ep"
  },
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Reset Client Secret for an OIDC Integration

    Reset the client_secret for the specified OIDC integration. Requires "Grant applications" API permission.

    POST /admin/v2/integrations/oidc/[integration_key]/client_secret

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The client_secret was successfully reset.
    404 No integration was found with the given integration_key.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": {},
  "stat": "OK"
}

    SSO Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    idp_metadata Automatically generated Provider information about Duo Single Sign-On.
    Key Value
    authorize_endpoint_url The URL that the relying party will redirect the user's browser to during an authentication request. Only returned for OIDC integrations.
    cert The certificate used by the service providers to validate the signature on the SAML response sent by Duo Single Sign-On. Only returned for SAML integrations.
    client_id The public identifier of the relying party. Only returned for OIDC integrations.
    client_secret The client’s password. Only returned when an OIDC integration is created.
    discovery_url Basic information about OAuth 2.0 or OpenID provider, such as endpoint URLs and supported configuration methods. Only returned for OAuth and OIDC integrations.
    entity_id The global, unique name for Duo Single Sign-On. This is sometimes referred to as "Issuer". Only returned for SAML integrations.
    issuer Unique entity related to the OAuth 2.0 or OpenID provider that issues a set of claims. Only returned for OAuth and OIDC integrations.
    jwks_endpoint_url URL that returns a list of signing keys to validate the signatures of JWTs signed by the OAuth 2.0 or OpenID provider. Only returned for OAuth and OIDC integrations.
    metadata_url This URL can be used by service providers to download the XML metadata from Duo Single Sign-On. Only returned for SAML integrations.
    slo_url The logout URL for Duo Single Sign-On. This is sometimes referred to as "SLO URL" or "Logout Endpoint". Only returned for SAML integrations.
    sso_url The authentication URL for Duo Single Sign-On. This is sometimes referred to as "SSO URL" or "Login URL". This URL can also be used to start IdP-initiated authentications. Only returned for SAML integrations.
    token_endpoint_url URL of the authorization server's token endpoint where clients obtain an access token in exchange for a grant or URL used by the relying party to retrieve the access and id tokens after a user has successfully authenticated to the OpenID provider. Only returned for OAuth and OIDC integrations.
    token_introspection_endpoint_url URL of the endpoint that validates an access token and retrieves the meta information surrounding the token or URL where relying party can validate an access token. Only returned for OAuth and OIDC integrations.
    userinfo_endpoint_url URL where relying party can present access token to retrieve information about the token. Only returned for OIDC integrations.
    oauth_config Required (if creating an OAuth 2.0 Client Credentials) Values specific for OAuth 2.0 Client Credentials. See OAuth Parameters.
    oidc_config Required (if creating a Generic OIDC Relying Party) Values specific for Generic OIDC Relying Party. See OIDC Parameters.
    saml_config Required (if creating a SAML integration) Values specific for Generic SAML Service Provider. See SAML Parameters.

    OAuth Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    clients Required List of clients. A client is a third-party application that wants to access a resource. Its privileges are limited by scopes.
    Parameter Required? Description
    assigned_scopes_ids Required List of UUIDs of assigned scopes. If empty, no scope will be assigned.
    client_id Required Unique identifier. Needs to be in UUID format.
    name Required Client name.
    client_secret Returned in response, not a request parameter Client’s password. Only returned when OAuth integration is created.
    description Optional Client description.
    scopes Required List of scopes. Scopes are a mechanism to authorize a third-party application to perform only specific operations on behalf of the user.
    Parameter Required? Description
    id Required Unique identifier that will be used for assigning scope to a client. Needs to be in UUID format.
    name Required Scope name.
    description Optional Scope description.

    OIDC Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    grant_types Required Specify how a client gets an access or refresh token. A client can be configured to use more than one grant type.
    Parameter Required? Description
    authorization_code Required Used to exchange an authorization code for an access token.
    Parameter Required? Description
    access_token_lifespan Optional Access token expiration time. Defaults to 3600 seconds if not specified.
    allow_pkce_only Optional Used for single-page applications (SPA) or native applications that cannot support a client secret. Either true or false.
    refresh_token Optional Used to exchange a refresh token for an access token when the access token has expired.
    Parameter Required? Description
    refresh_token_
    chain_lifespan    		 Optional

    Expiration time for a chain of refresh tokens. Defaults to 2592000 seconds if not specified.

    Minimum: 3600 seconds; Maximum: 15552000 seconds
    refresh_token_
    single_lifespan    		 Optional

    Token expiration time for a single refresh token. Defaults to 86400 seconds if not specified.

    Minimum: 300 seconds; Maximum: 604800 seconds
    redirect_uris Required List of redirection URIs to which the response will be sent. This URI can exactly match one of the redirection URI values the client pre-registered at the OpenID Provider or a URI with wildcard in subdomain can be used.
    scopes Required Scopes are used by a client during authentication to authorize access to a user's details. Each scope returns a set of user attributes, which are called claims.
    Parameter Required? Description
    openid Required Informs the authorization server that the client is making an OpenID Connect request.
    email Optional Requests access to the email and email_verified claims.
    profile Optional Requests access to the user's default profile claims, like name, family_name, or given_name.
    claim_transformations Optional List of transformed claims and rules for their transformations.

    SAML Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    acs_urls Required List of URLs where your service provider receives SAML assertions. Each URL is an object with following parameters:
    Parameter Required? Description
    url Required ACS URL.
    binding Optional The binding that is used to send the request.
    index Optional Index number for a given ACS URL. Enter only if you were instructed to do so by the service provider.
    isDefault Optional A boolean describing if this URL is a default one.
    entity_id Required The service provider identifier.
    nameid_attribute Required The authentication source attribute used to identify the user to the service provider.
    nameid_format Required Format of NameID when sent to the service provider.
    sign_assertion Required A boolean describing if SAML assertion will be signed.
    sign_response Required A boolean describing if SAML response will be signed.
    signing_algorithm Required Select the encryption strength supported by your service provider. The most common is SHA-256.
    assertion_encryption_algorithm Optional Algorithm used for assertion encryption.
    attribute_transformations Optional List of transformed IdP attributes and rules for their transformations.
    encrypt_assertion Optional A boolean describing if SAML assertion will be encrypted.
    key_transport_encryption_algorithm Optional Algorithm used for key transport encryption.
    mapped_attrs Optional Dictionary of authentication source attributes mapped to the required names.
    relaystate Optional If your service provider requires a specific RelayState parameter, enter it here.
    remote_cert Optional Certificate for signing.
    role_attrs Optional Dictionary of role attributes mapped to multiple roles.
    slo_url Optional URL where your service provider receives SAML logout responses.
    spinitiated_url Optional URL provided by your service provider that will start a SAML authentication.
    static_attrs Optional Dictionary of new attributes mapped to hard coded static attributes.

    Policies

    The Policies v2 API does not use the same authentication and request signing detailed earlier in this document. Our Python, Go, Java, and Node.JS API clients have been updated with the new authentication and signing requirements and include support for the Policies v2 API endpoints. We recommend you use the duo_client_python Python API client, the duo_api_golang Go API client, the duo_client_java Java API client, or the duo_api_nodejs Node.JS API client to interact with the Policies endpoints.

    Summarize Policies

    Returns policy names, keys, and applications or groups to which a policy is applied. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v2/policies/summary

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns all policies for the account and where they are applied (unless response is truncated).
    400 Invalid or missing parameters.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    policies

    An array of policy blocks, each containing a policy_name, policy_key, and information on how that policy has been applied.

    Key Value
    policy_applies_to

    An array of all applications, and groups within applications, to which the policy is applied.

    If the groups block is shown under an application, then the policy only applies to those groups within that application (not the application itself).

    Key Value
    app_name

    Name of the application (same value as the integration’s name).
    app_integration_key

    The identifier for the application (same value as the integration’s integration_key).
    apply_type

    Indicates where a given policy is attached: app if the policy is assigned to the application for all users of that app, or group_app if the policy is assigned as a group policy effective for certain users of that app.
    group_position

    If the application has group policies applied, this number indicates the policy stacking order for those groups. Higher values are closer to the top of the stack.
    groups

    An array of one or more group name and group_id values to which the policy is applied

    policy_key

    The identifier for the policy: 20 alphanumeric characters starting with “PO”.
    policy_name

    The name of the policy.
    policy_count

    The total number of policies in this account.
    response_is_truncated

    True if the response has been truncated due to too much data being returned. Otherwise false (default).

    The response for this call cannot be paged and will be truncated if too much data is returned.
    warnings

    Contains non-fatal failures & warnings.

    Example Response

    {
        "policies": [
            {
                "policy_applies_to": [
                    {
                        "app_integration_key": "DI29C05TCOFOX9QFZEKI",
                        "app_name": "Acme Corp Office 365",
                        "apply_type": "group_app",
                        "group_position": "0",
                        "groups": [
                            {
                                "group_id": "DGC00OELIG7CQD5AV958",
                                "group_name": "Contractors"
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "policy_key": "PO0LORUX8W6GXFX27HR0",
                "policy_name": "12 hours Remembered Devices"
            },
            {
                "policy_applies_to": [
                    {
                        "app_integration_key": "DI29C05TCOFOX9QFZEKI",
                        "app_name": "Acme Corp Office 365",
                        "apply_type": "app"
                    }
                ],
                "policy_key": "PO0LBA709Z49E5XCHW06",
                "policy_name": "7 Days Remembered Devices"
            },
            {
                "policy_applies_to": [
                    {
                        "app_integration_key": "DI38Z0OPBEO4G8WE56OV",
                        "app_name": "Acme Cisco VPN",
                        "apply_type": "app"
                    },
                    {
                        "app_integration_key": "DION2T45OKE14FSYN4HN",
                        "app_name": "Windows Remote Desktop",
                        "apply_type": "app"
                    }
                ],
                "policy_key": "POAWMUK0XYZQ6BUPBEJF",
                "policy_name": "Deny All Unenrolled Users"
            },
            {
                "policy_applies_to": [],
                "policy_key": "PO9HIT6SE6TWQPVYZD6A",
                "policy_name": "Bypass MFA and Allow Unenrolled"
            },
            {
                "policy_applies_to": [
                    {
                        "app_integration_key": "DILSVDEYH66ZT8KIXGR9",
                        "app_name": "Acme Corp Office 365",
                        "apply_type": "group_app",
                        "group_position": "1",
                        "groups": [
                            {
                                "group_id": "DGIKLVP7LVU968UCDPVJ",
                                "group_name": "Verified Push Users"
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "policy_key": "POWD3Z4WJIE3CF48A33K",
                "policy_name": "Verified Push"
            }
        ],
        "policy_count": 5,
        "response_is_truncated": false,
        "warnings": [
            "Policy 'Bypass MFA and Allow Unenrolled' is not applied to any groups or applications"
        ]
    },
    "stat": "OK"
}

    Retrieve Policies

    Retrieve a complete set of all policies. Includes all policy section data for each policy. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v2/policies

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 50; Max: 100
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters.

    Response Format

    Returns a JSON array of policy objects. Refer to Retrieve Policy by ID for an explanation of the policy object's keys and values. See Policy Section Data for descriptions of all policy section data keys and values.

    Example Response

    [
  {
    "policy_name": "Global Policy",
    "policy_key": "POMY5S1FW9345IEM33BK",
    "is_global_policy": true,    
    "sections": {
      # Policy Section data appears here
      # See "Policy Section Data" in this document for more information.
    }
  },
  {
    "policy_name": "Contractor Policy",
    "policy_key": "POMY5S1FW93239EM33BK",
    "is_global_policy": false,    
    "sections": {
      # Policy Section data appears here
      # See "Policy Section Data" in this document for more information.
    }
  }
]

    Retrieve Policy by ID

    Return the single policy with the specified policy_key. Use global as a shortcut for the global policy. Includs all policy section data. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v2/policies/[policy_key]
    GET /admin/v2/policies/global

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters.
    404 No policy was found with the given policy_key.

    Response Format

    Returns a single policy object.

    Key Value
    is_global_policy

    True if this policy is the global policy. Otherwise false (default). The value for this key cannot be changed.
    policy_applies_to

    An array of all applications, and groups within applications, to which the policy is applied. If the groups block is shown under an application, then the policy only applies to those groups within that application. See Summarize Policies for a complete listing of all keys in this block.
    policy_key

    The identifier for the policy: 20 alphanumeric characters starting with “PO”, or “global” as a shortcut for the global policy. The value for this key cannot be changed.
    policy_name

    Name of the custom policy, or "Global Policy" for the global policy. Policy names do not have to be unique.

    This key was previously name.
    sections

    The list of all enabled policy sections for the policy_key, with associated keys/values for each section. Each section here corresponds to a named section that appears when editing the policy in the Admin Panel. See Policy Section Data for information on all available sections, keys, and values.

    Policy Section Name Policy UI Section Name
    anonymous_networks

    Anonymous Networks
    authentication_methods

    Authentication Methods
    authentication_policy

    Authentication Policy
    authorized_networks

    Authorized Networks
    browsers

    Browsers
    duo_desktop

    Duo Desktop
    duo_mobile_app

    Duo Mobile App
    full_disk_encryption

    Full Disk Encryption
    mobile_device_biometrics

    Mobile Device Biometrics
    new_user

    New User Policy
    operating_systems

    Operating Systems
    plugins

    Plugins
    remembered_devices

    Remembered Devices
    risk_based_factor_selection

    Risk-Based Factor Selection
    screen_lock

    Screen Lock
    tampered_devices

    Tampered Devices
    trusted_endpoints

    Trusted Endpoints
    user_location

    User Location

    The number of sections available will vary based on which Duo edition you have.

    • Essentials edition contains: authentication_methods, authentication_policy, authorized_networks, duo_desktop, new_user, remembered_devices, and trusted_endpoints sections.
    • Advantage edition contains all sections, with additional options for authorized_networks, duo_desktop, and remembered_devices.
    • Premier edition contains all sections and all options.

    Section Data

    See Policy Section Data for descriptions of all policy section data keys and values.

    Resulting Policy

    Returns the resulting policy for a given user/application pair. The resulting policy is constructed from the top-most sections from the entire stack of policies applied for a given ikey. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v2/policies/calculate

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    user_id Required

    The user_id of the user to evaluate, as obtained from the Retrieve Users Admin API endpoint or from the Duo Admin Panel.
    integration_key Required

    The integration_key of the application to evaluate, as obtained from the Retrieve Integrations Admin API endpoint or from the Duo Admin Panel.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200

    Success. The resulting policy information is returned in the response.
    400

    Invalid or missing parameters.

    Response Format

    Returns information about the resulting policy. The sections key has the same format as policy section data returned from other Policies endpoints. See Policy Section Data for descriptions of all policy section data keys and values.

    Key Value
    sections Policy Section Data from the resulting policy. Each section contains the following information:
    Key Value
    source_policy_key The policy key value indicating which policy the section is derived from.
    source_policies

    A list of policies that were combined to form the resulting policy. This list is ordered according to the order of precedence used to determine the resulting policy, with the highest precedence policy coming first. Each entry in the list contains the following information:

    Key Value
    policy_key

    The policy key value.
    policy_name

    The the policy's name.
    policy_type

    One of global, application, or group.

    Example Response

    {
    "sections": {
        # Policy section data appears here
    },
    "source_policies": [
        {
            "policy_key": "POLK595BO6OY8OK565I0",
            "policy_name": "Contractor Policy",
            "policy_type": "group"
        },
        {
            "policy_key": "POFLZVHVBOKR23D4N2F0",
            "policy_name": "Web App Policy",
            "policy_type": "application"
        },
        {
            "policy_key": "POCAZZJBRUUR4Q4DQ388",
            "policy_name": "Global Policy",
            "policy_type": "global"
        }
    ]
}

    Copy Policy

    Copies the specified policy to one or more new custom policies. The new policies created by the call will contain the same settings as the copied policy, but will not be applied anywhere. Use Update Policy to apply the new policies to applications or groups within apps. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    Note: This API call uses POST data, which must be represented as JSON and cannot be passed in via URL parameters. Some Duo clients (Python or Java, for example) offer helper functions to handle requests to the Admin API.

    POST /admin/v2/policies/copy

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    policy_key Required

    The identifier for an existing policy to be copied: 20 alphanumeric characters starting with PO, or global as a shortcut for the global policy.
    new_policy_names_list Optional

    An array of policy names. The policy specified by policy_key will be copied once for each name in the list, and the resulting new policy will be given that name.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200

    Success.
    400

    Invalid or missing parameters.
    404

    Policy key specified does not exist.

    Response Format

    Returns the new policies.

    Example Response

    {
    "policies": [ {
        "policy_name": "Policy Name",
        "policy_key": "PO239847239H41344KIN",
        "is_global_policy": false,
        "sections": {
      	      # Section Data that was changed appears here 
         }
    },
    {
        "policy_name": "some policy name 2",
        "policy_key": "POMY5S1FW92342EM33BK",
        "is_global_policy": false,
        "sections": { } 
     } ],
     "warnings": [ ]
}

    Create Policy

    Creates a new custom policy with the policy_name specified in the parameters. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    Note: This API call uses POST data, which must be represented as JSON and cannot be passed in via URL parameters. Some Duo clients (Python or Java, for example) offer helper functions to handle requests to the Admin API.

    POST /admin/v2/policies

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    policy_name Required

    The name of the policy to create. Policy names do not have to be unique.

    The name parameter, available during the Policies API public preview, is no longer supported. Please use policy_name.
    apply_to_apps Optional

    Application assignment information for the new policy.

    Key Value
    affect_all_apps

    Values are one of:

    • inactive - (default) Use _list keys to specify how policy is applied.
    • replace-policy - Apply this policy to all apps, replacing any existing policy.
    • apply-policy - Apply this policy to all applications that don’t have a policy applied already.
    • unassign-policy - Remove this policy from all applications to which it is applied.

    Warning: Setting this key to any value other than inactive will make changes to all your applications.
    apply_list

    An array of applications (specified with integration_key) to which to apply this policy.

    If an application in the list has another policy applied, that policy is kept.
    replace_list

    The array of applications (specified with integration_key) to which to apply this policy.

    Warning: If the policy is already applied to applications not in the list, it will be removed from those applications.
    unassign_list

    An array of applications (specified with integration_key) from which to remove this policy.

    If an application in the list has another policy applied, that policy is kept.
    apply_to_groups_in_apps Optional

    Information about which groups (within which applications) to which to apply the policy. See Applying Policy to Groups for more information on constructing a list of group policies to affect.

    Key Value
    apply_group_policies_list

    A set of groups to apply this policy to in this app as described by app_integration_key and group_id_list.
    group_policy_apply_order

    Values are one of:

    • existing - (default) If the group policy being applied already exists for this application, keep its place in the stack. If it doesn’t exist, add it to the top of the stack.
    • top - Place this policy on the top of the group policy stack.
    • bottom - Place this policy on the bottom of the group policy stack.
    replace_group_policies_list

    A set of groups to apply this policy to in this app as described by app_integration_key and group_id_list.

    If you specify a blank array ([]) as a value, all groups applied to this policy in this application will be replaced with nothing (that is, unassigned).
    unassign_group_policies_list

    A set of groups to remove this policy from in this app as described by app_integration_key and group_id_list.

    sections Optional

    The list of policy sections to be added, with associated keys/values for each section. See Policy Section Data for all sections and their keys/values.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200

    Success. The newly-created policy’s unique key appears in the response.
    400

    Invalid or missing parameters.

    Response Format

    Returns the new policy object.

    Example Response

    The sections block will be blank on a newly-created policy if no sections were specified in the "Create Policy" call. Use Update Policy to change an existing policy’s name, add or remove policy sections, and update keys and values.

    {
    "policy_applies_to": [
        {
            "app_integration_key": "DI0SUYB00VPUJWGWC2SH",
            "app_name": "Acme Web App",
            "apply_type": "app"
        }
    ],    
    "policy_name": "New Policy",
    "policy_key": "POMY5S1FW9345IEM33BK",
    "is_global_policy": false,    
    "sections": {
      # Section Data appears here if it was included in the Create Policy call.
      # See "Policy Section Data" in this document for more information.
    },
    "warnings": [
    ]
}

    Update Policies

    Update policy section data for all policies or a set of specified policy_key values. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    Note: This API call uses the PUT request method, which must be represented as JSON and cannot be passed in via URL parameters. Some Duo clients (Python or Java, for example) offer helper functions to handle requests to the Admin API.

    PUT /admin/v2/policies/update

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    policies_to_update Required

    The list of policies to update.

    Key Value
    edit_all_policies

    Is true if the changes should be applied to all policies. Otherwise false (default).
    edit_list

    An array of policy keys to apply the changes to. Ignored if edit_all_policies is true.
    policy_changes Required

    The list of changes to apply to the policies specified in policies_to_update.

    Key Value
    sections

    The list of policy sections to be updated, with associated keys/values for each section. See Policy Section Data for all sections and their keys/values.
    sections_to_delete

    An array of section names to remove from the specified policies. Note that sections cannot be removed from the global policy.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200

    One or more policies were modified successfully. The updated policies are also returned.
    400

    Invalid or missing parameters.

    Response Format

    Returns the updated policy objects and the full set of applications and/or groups to which each one is applied.

    See Policy Section Data for an explanation of the object's keys/values shown in the sections block. Refer to Summarize Policies for a complete listing of all keys in the policy_applies_to block.

    Example Response

    {
    "policies": [{
        "policy_name": "Policy 1",
        "policy_key": "PO239847239H41344KIN",
        "is_global_policy": false,
        "sections": {
      	      # Section Data that was changed appears here 
        },
        "policy_applies_to": [{ }]
    },
    {
        "policy_name": "Policy 2",
        "policy_key": "POMY5S1FW92342EM33BK",
        "sections": {},
        "policy_applies_to": [{
            # format for policies that are applied to groups within an app
            "app_name": "Acme Corp",
            "app_integration_key": "DIRWIH0ZZPV8GJ05H7RM",
            "apply_type": "group_app",
            "group_position": "1",
            "groups": [{
                "group_name": "RBA Users",
                "group_id": "DGPDO71QEP8Q03B9C59S"
		},
	{
                "group_name": "API Users",
                "group_id": "DGPDO7F00P8Q03B9C59S"
		} ]
        } ],
        "warnings": [
        # warnings include:
        # "Update: Unrecognized section: <unknown-section> in $POLICY"
        # "Update: Unknown section to delete: <bogus-section> in $POLICY"
        # "Update: Policy (or key) $ID does not exist"
        ]
    } ]
}

    Update Policy

    For the policy with the specified policy_key, update policy data and add or change how the policy is applied. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    What happens if I...

    • Make the Update Policy call without one or more of the parameters describing what to modify: sections, sections_to_delete, apply_to_apps, or apply_to_groups_in_apps?

      • The API call makes the changes you specify in the input, but all the parameters are optional.
      • If you make the call with no changes in any of the parameters, the call returns the (unchanged) policy.

    • Add a policy section (such as authorized_networks) to a custom policy?

      • The API enables the section (that is, makes it active in the policy) and sets the valid values you specify. Any key/value pairs not specified for the section will be set to their default values.
      • If you add a blank policy section, it will be enabled for the policy with default values.

    • Modify values for an existing policy section?

      • The API changes only the values you specify.

    Note: This API call uses the PUT request method. The data passed in must be represented as JSON and cannot be passed in via URL parameters. Some Duo clients (Python or Java, for example) offer helper functions to handle requests to the Admin API.

    PUT /admin/v2/policies/[policy_key]

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    apply_to_apps Optional

    Application assignment information for the new policy.

    Key Value
    affect_all_apps

    Values are one of:

    • inactive - (default) Use _list keys to specify how policy is applied.
    • replace-policy - Apply this policy to all apps, replacing any existing policy.
    • apply-policy - Apply this policy to all applications that don’t have a policy applied already.
    • unassign-policy - Remove this policy from all applications to which it is applied.

    Warning: Setting this key to any value other than inactive will make changes to all your applications.
    apply_list

    An array of applications (specified with app_integration_key) to which to apply this policy.

    If an application in the list has another policy applied, that policy is kept and the apply has no effect.
    replace_list

    The array of applications (specified with app_integration_key) to which to apply this policy.

    Warning: If the policy is already applied to applications not in the list, it will be removed from those applications.
    unassign_list

    An array of applications (specified with integration_key) from which to remove this policy.

    If an application in the list has another policy applied, that policy is kept and the unassign has no effect.
    apply_to_groups_in_apps Optional

    Information about which groups (within which applications) to which to apply the policy. See Applying Policy to Groups for more information on constructing a list of group policies to affect.

    Key Value
    apply_group_policies_list

    A set of groups to apply this policy to in this app as described by app_integration_key and group_id_list.
    group_policy_apply_order

    Values are one of:

    • existing - (default) If the group policy being applied already exists for this application, keep its place in the stack. If it doesn’t exist, add it to the top of the stack.
    • top - Place this policy on the top of the group policy stack.
    • bottom - Place this policy on the bottom of the group policy stack.
    replace_group_policies_list

    A set of groups to apply this policy to in this app as described by app_integration_key and group_id_list. Any groups already specified will be replaced with this set.

    If you specify a blank array ([]) as a value, all groups applied to this policy in this application will be replaced with nothing (that is, unassigned).
    unassign_all Removes all group assignments for that policy. Either true or false. If true, apply_group_policies_list, replace_group_policies_list, and unassign_group_policies_list can not have entries.
    unassign_group_policies_list

    A set of groups to remove this policy from in this app as described by app_integration_key and group_id_list.
    policy_name Optional

    A new name for a custom policy. Policy names do not have to be unique.

    The name parameter, available during the Policies API public preview, is no longer supported. Please use policy_name.
    sections Optional

    The list of policy sections to be added, with associated keys/values for each section. See Policy Section Data for all sections and their keys/values.

    If sections is blank, the policy is unchanged.
    sections_to_delete Optional

    An array of section names to remove from this policy. Sections cannot be removed from the global policy.

    Applying Policy to Groups

    Because policy is applied to and unassigned from groups in the context of an application (integration), you will need to specify both an app_integration_key and an array of groups (group_id_list) when applying policy to groups.

    Key Value
    app_integration_key

    The unique identifier for the application (same value as integration_key). See the response to Retrieve Integrations.
    group_id_list

    An array of unique group identifiers. See the response to Retrieve Groups to find group_id values.

    Example Input

    In this example, the "Update Policy" input will remove group policy assignments.

    {
    "apply_to_groups_in_apps": {
        "unassign_group_policies_list": [ {
            "app_integration_key": "DIRWIH0ZZPV4GJ05H7VQ",
            "group_id_list": ["DGBDKSSH37KSJ373JKSU", "DGJKSLSH393YSJD93HSD3"]
        },
        {
            "app_integration_key": "DIRWIH0ZZPV4GJ05H7HQ",
            "group_id_list": ["DGBDKSSH37KSJ373JKSU", "DGJKSLSH393YSJD93HSD3"]
        } ]
    }
}

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200

    The policy was modified successfully. The policy object is also returned.
    400

    Invalid or missing parameters.
    404

    Policy key specified does not exist.

    Response Format

    Returns the updated policy object and the full set of associated applications and/or groups.

    See Policy Section Data for descriptions of all policy section data keys and values shown in the sections block. Refer to Summarize Policies for a complete listing of all keys in the policy_applies_to block.

    Example Response

    {
    "is_global_policy": false,   
    "policy_key": "POMY5S1FW92342EM33BK",
    "policy_name": "Modified Policy Name",
    "policy_applies_to": [
    {
        "app_integration_key": "DILSVDEYH6Z008KIXGR9",
        "app_name": "Acme Corp",
        "apply_type": "group_app",
        "group_position": "2",
        "groups": [
            {
                "group_id": "DGPDO71QEP8Q03B9C59S",
                "group_name": "RBA Users"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "app_integration_key": "DI1K3PT8F00DU4Y9IX0I",
        "app_name": "Acme Auth API",
        "apply_type": "group_app",
        "group_position": "0",
        "groups": [
            {
                "group_id": "DGPDO7F00P8Q03B9C59S",
                "group_name": "API Users"
            }
        ]
    },
    "sections": {
      	# Section Data changed appears here.
        # See "Policy Section Data" in this document for more information.
    },
    "warnings": [
 	# Contains non-fatal failures and warnings such as misspelled section names.
    ]
}

    Delete Policy

    Delete the entire custom policy identified by policy_key from the system. Requires "Grant resource - write" API permission.

    Warning: Policies deleted using this call are immediately and permanently removed from Duo.

    To delete policy sections from a custom policy, use an Update Policy call and specify the section(s) in sections_to_delete.

    DELETE /admin/v2/policies/[policy_key]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The custom policy was deleted.
    400 Invalid parameters.
    404 The specified custom policy does not exist.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Policy Section Data

    Policy sections are used in constructing Create Policy and Update Policy calls. They are also returned as part of the system response to Retrieve Policies, Retrieve Policy by ID, Create Policy, and Update Policy calls.

    The API policy sections correspond to the named sections visible in the Duo Admin Panel policy editor, as described in the Retrieve Policy by ID "Response Format" section.

    We've noted when a specific Duo edition is required to access a section or to enable some keys or values in the section descriptions below.

    Anonymous Networks

    Section Name: anonymous_networks

    Corresponds to: Anonymous Networks

    This section is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.

    Key Value
    anonymous_access_behavior

    Defines what happens when a user on an anonymous network attempts to access resources. One of no-action (default), require-mfa, or deny.

    Authentication Methods

    Section Name: authentication_methods

    Corresponds to: Authentication Methods

    Key Value
    allowed_auth_list

    Comma-separated list of allowed authentication methods. The list defaults to: duo-push, hardware-token, webauthn-platform, webauthn-roaming, and sms. If Duo Passwordless is turned on for your account, there are three additional authentication methods available: duo-push-pwl, webauthn-platform-pwl, and webauthn-roaming-pwl.
    auto_retry_sms

    Is true if a new SMS passcode will be sent up to 3 times when delivery fails. Otherwise false (default). Any retries will use additional telephony credits.
    blocked_auth_list

    Comma-separated list of blocked authentication methods. The list defaults to: desktop, duo-passcode, and phonecall.
    require_verified_push

    Is true if the user logging in must verify the push by entering the number provided on their authentication device. Otherwise false. Default is true for the Essentials edition and false for Premier and Advantage editions. Applies if duo-push is in the allowed_auth_list.
    verified_push_digits

    The number of digits a verified push requires the user to enter. An integer between 3 and 6, inclusive. Defaults to 3.

    Authentication Policy

    Section name: authentication_policy

    Corresponds to: Authentication Policy

    Key Value
    user_auth_behavior

    Defines the behavior when a user authenticates. One of:

    • enforce (default): Requires 2FA or enrollment when applicable, unless another policy supersedes it.
    • bypass: Skips 2FA and enrollment, unless another policy supersedes it.
    • deny: Denies authentication to all users.
    Affects all users when enabled.

    Authorized Networks

    Section Name: authorized_networks

    Corresponds to: Authorized Networks

    Key Value
    no_2fa_required

    Networks the user can access with no 2FA required.

    Key Value
    ip_list

    Comma-separated list of public IP addresses for which 2FA is not required. IP address lists can contain individual IPs, IP ranges and IP ranges in CIDR notation. Example: ["192.0.2.8", "198.51.100.0-198.51.100.20", "203.0.113.0/24"]
    require_enrollment

    Is true (default) if users logging in from these IP addresses must enroll in Duo. Otherwise false. At least one value must be in the ip_list to change this value.
    mfa_required

    Networks the user can access that require MFA. Available in the Premier and Advantage editions.

    Key Value
    ip_list

    Comma-separated list of public IP addresses for which MFA is required. IP address lists can contain individual IPs, IP ranges and IP ranges in CIDR notation. Example: ["192.0.2.8", "198.51.100.0-198.51.100.20", "203.0.113.0/24"]
    deny_other_access

    Is true if users must log in from IP addresses listed in one of the ip_list keys above. Otherwise false (default). At least one IP address must be in either of the ip_list keys above to change this value. Available in the Premier and Advantage editions.
    block

    Networks from which users will be blocked. Available in the Premier and Advantage editions.

    Key Value
    ip_list

    Comma-separated list of public IP addresses for which access is blocked. IP address lists can contain individual IPs, IP ranges and IP ranges in CIDR notation. Example: ["192.0.2.8", "198.51.100.0-198.51.100.20", "203.0.113.0/24"]

    Browsers

    Section Name: browsers

    Corresponds to: Browsers

    This section is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.

    Key Value
    allowed_browsers_list

    Comma-separated list of allowed browsers. Any of: chrome, chrome-mobile, edge, edge-mobile, firefox, firefox-mobile, ie, safari, safari-mobile, or other-browsers.

    Default behavior permits all browsers.
    blocked_browsers_list

    Comma-separated list of blocked browsers. Any of: chrome, chrome-mobile, edge, edge-mobile, firefox, firefox-mobile, ie, safari, safari-mobile, or other-browsers.

    Default: none.
    out_of_date_behavior

    Value is one of warn-only, warn-and-block, or no-remediation (default). This affects all browsers in the allowed_browsers_list.
    browser_max_ood_days

    The number of days that a browser may be out of date before access to it is blocked (out_of_date_behavior must be warn-and-block for the browser to be blocked). Value is one of 0, 14, 30 (default), 60, 90, 180, or 365. Other values are invalid.

    Duo Desktop

    Section Name: duo_desktop

    Corresponds to: Duo Desktop

    This section affects applications protected by Duo Desktop. Duo Desktop was called Duo Device Health (device_health_app) prior to November 2023.

    Key Value
    requires_duo_desktop

    Comma-separated list of operating systems that require Duo Desktop (one or more of linux, macos, or windows). Listing an operating system here is the equivalent of setting the “Require Duo Desktop” policy option to "Require the app" for that OS when editing a policy in the Admin Panel.
    prompt_to_install

    Legacy key; no effect if specified.
    bypass_encryption_for_vm

    (Early Access) Comma-separated list of operating systems that will allow the disk encryption, FileVault, or BitLocker check to be bypassed for virtual machines (one or more of linux, macos, or windows). This key is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.
    enforce_device_id_pinning

    Set to enforce-enabled to block authentication from any device that presents the same identifiers as another device previously registered by Duo Desktop. Default: no-enforcement. This setting requires enforce_signed_payload be set to enforce-enabled in the same policy.
    enforce_encryption

    Comma-separated list of operating systems that will require the hard drive to be encrypted (one or more of linux, macos, or windows). This key is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.
    enforce_firewall

    Comma-separated list of operating systems that will require a firewall to be active (one or more of linux, macos, or windows). This key is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.
    enforce_signed_payload

    Set to enforce-enabled to require device registration with Duo Desktop during initial authentication. The access device must support TPM 2.0 on Windows or Secure Enclave on macOS. Default: no-enforcement.
    enforce_system_password

    Comma-separated list of operating systems that will require a system password to be set (one or more of linux, macos, or windows). This key is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.
    linux_endpoint_security_list

    Comma-separated list of Duo-supported endpoint security agents that are allowed. For agents in this list, the application will block access unless one of those agents is running. A complete list of Linux security agents is available in a drop-down when editing the policy in the Admin Panel. This key is available in the Premier edition.
    linux_remediation_note

    A text note (max 700 characters) with remediation instructions when an end user is blocked. This key is available in the Premier edition.
    macos_endpoint_security_list

    Comma-separated list of Duo-supported endpoint security agents that are allowed. For agents in this list, the application will block access unless one of those agents is running. A complete list of macOS security agents is available in a drop-down when editing the policy in the Admin Panel. This key is available in the Premier edition.
    macos_remediation_note

    A text note (max 700 characters) with remediation instructions when an end user is blocked. This key is available in the Premier edition.
    windows_endpoint_security_list

    Comma-separated list of Duo-supported endpoint security agents that are allowed. For agents in this list, the application will block access unless one of those agents is running. A complete list of Windows security agents is available in a drop-down when editing the policy in the Admin Panel. This key is available in the Premier edition.
    windows_remediation_note

    A text note (max 700 characters) with remediation instructions when an end user is blocked. This key is available in the Premier edition.

    Duo Mobile App

    Section Name: duo_mobile_app

    Corresponds to: Duo Mobile App

    This section is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.

    Key Value
    block_policy

    Indicates when the user will be blocked from authenticating. Value is one of:

    • no-remediation: No version checking; equivalent to “Never” when editing the policy in the UI.
    • less-than-latest: Duo Mobile app is not at the most recently-released version.
    • less-than-version (default): Duo Mobile app is older than the version specified in block_version.
    block_remediation_days

    The number of days before the user will be blocked. Value is one of 0 (default), 14, 30, 60, 90, 180, or 365. Applicable only if block_policy is less-than-latest.
    block_version

    The specific Duo Mobile app version (from the list in the edit policy UI) that is being blocked. The default is 3.8.0. Applicable only if block_policy is less-than-version.
    require_updates

    (Deprecated) Is true (default) if the Duo Mobile app must have up-to-date security patches. Otherwise false.
    warn_policy

    Indicates when the user should be warned that their Duo Mobile app is out of date. Value is one of:

    • no-remediation (default): No version checking; equivalent to “Never” when editing the policy in the UI.
    • less-than-latest: Duo Mobile app is not at the most recently-released version.
    • less-than-version: Duo Mobile app is older than the version specified in warn_version.
    warn_remediation_days

    The number of days that the user will be warned. Value is one of 0, 14, 30, 60, 90, 180, or 365. Applicable only if warn_policy is less-than-latest.
    warn_version

    The specific Duo Mobile version (from the list in the edit policy UI) subject to the out-of-date warning. Applicable only if warn_policy is less-than-version.

    Full Disk Encryption

    Section Name: full_disk_encryption

    Corresponds to: Full Disk Encryption

    This section is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.

    Key Value
    require_encryption

    Is true if the device used for authentication requires full-disk encryption. Otherwise false (default).

    Mobile Device Biometrics

    Section Name: mobile_device_biometrics

    Corresponds to: Mobile Device Biometrics

    This section is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.

    Key Value
    block_biometric_pin_fallback

    Is true if the mobile device used to authenticate is not allowed to fall back to the device's passcode when approving Duo Push login requests and biometric verification fails. Otherwise false (default).
    require_biometrics

    Is true if the mobile device used to authenticate requires Apple Touch ID, Face ID, or Android Fingerprint as additional verification when approving Duo Push login requests. Otherwise false (default).

    New User Policy

    Section Name: new_user

    Corresponds to: New User Policy

    Key Value
    new_user_behavior

    Controls what happens after an unenrolled user passes primary authentication. One of:

    • enroll (default): Require the user to enroll whenever possible.
    • no-mfa: MFA is not required for unknown users; unenrolled users must enroll.
    • deny: Denies authentication to unenrolled users.

    Operating Systems

    Section Name: operating_systems

    Corresponds to: Operating Systems

    This section is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.

    The operating_systems section affects devices used to access applications protected by Duo's browser-based authentication prompt, and mobile devices using Duo Mobile as a second factor.

    The operating system names that can be in each of the lists below are: android, blackberry, chromeos, ios, linux, macos, windows, windowsphone, and unknownos.

    Note: No operating system should be listed in more than one of allow_unrestricted_os_list, block_os_list, and os_restrictions. In the case of conflicts, the API call will fail.

    Key Value
    allow_unrestricted_os_list

    Comma-separated list of operating systems that are allowed with no constraints or warnings. allow_unrestricted_os_list and block_os_list must not contain the same values.
    block_os_list

    Comma-separated list of operating systems that are not allowed. allow_unrestricted_os_list and block_os_list must not contain the same values. Blocked Android or iOS versions will not be able to authenticate using Duo Push or Duo Mobile passcodes.
    os_restrictions

    Can contain up to 4 blocks of keys – one for each operating system that can be further restricted: android, ios, macos, and windows.

    Key Value
    warn_policy

    Indicates when the user should be warned that their OS is out of date. Value is one of:

    • no-remediation (default): No version checking; equivalent to “Never” when editing the policy in the UI.
    • end-of-life: OS vendor no longer releases security updates.
    • not-up-to-date: OS is not at the most recent patch release version.
    • less-than-latest: OS is not at the most recently-released version.
    • less-than-version: OS is older than the version specified in warn_version.
    warn_version

    The specific OS version (from the list in the edit policy UI) subject to the out-of-date warning. Applicable only if warn_policy is less-than-version.
    warn_remediation_days

    Number of days that the user will be warned. Value is one of 0, 14, 30 (default), 60, 90, 180, or 365.
    block_policy

    Indicates when the user will be blocked from access. Values are the same as warn_policy.
    block_version

    The specific OS version (from the list in the edit policy UI) that is being blocked. Values are the same as warn_version. Applicable only if block_policy is less-than-version.
    block_remediation_days

    Number of days before the user will be blocked. Values are the same as warn_remediation_days.

    Example section: Warn for two weeks if iOS is not up to date; block after 60 days total. 

    
          "operating_systems": {
          "allow_unrestricted_os_list": [
              "android",
              "chromeos",
              "linux",
              "macos",
              "unknownos",
              "windows"
            ],
            "block_os_list": [
              "blackberry",
              "windowsphone"
            ],
            "os_restrictions": {
                "ios": {
                    "block_policy": "not-up-to-date",
                    "block_remediation_days": 60,
                    "block_version": "",
                    "warn_policy": "not-up-to-date",
                    "warn_remediation_days": 14,
                    "warn_version": ""
                }
            }
          }

    Plugins

    Section Name: plugins

    Corresponds to: Plugins

    This section is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.

    Key Value
    flash

    Specify how Flash plugins are treated. Value is one of allow-all or block-all (default).
    java

    Specify how Java plugins are treated. Value is one of:

    • allow-all: No restrictions.
    • warn-only (default): Warn if plugin is out of date.
    • warn-and-block: warn if out of date; block after java_max_ood_days.
    • block-all: Blocked; no access.
    java_max_ood_days

    The number of days that Java plugins may be out of date before access is blocked (java must be warn-and-block for the plugin to be blocked). Value is one of 0, 14, 30 (default), 60, 90, 180, or 365. Other values are invalid.

    Remembered Devices

    Section Name: remembered_devices

    Corresponds to: Remembered Devices

    This section affects how and when users can skip subsequent 2FA and Duo Passwordless (if enabled) login requests.

    Note: Passwordless users will be able to remember devices for no longer than three days, regardless of the selected length of time entered via max_time_units and max_time_value.

    Key Value
    browser_apps
    Key Value
    enabled

    Is true (default) if devices are remembered for browser-based apps. Otherwise false.
    remember_method

    One of user-based or risk-based (default). risk-based only available in the Premier and Advantage editions.
    user_based

    Allow users to remember their devices for browser-based applications.

    Key Value
    confirm_per_app

    Is true if the user must confirm for each browser-based application separately. Otherwise false (default).
    max_time_units

    One of days or hours (default).
    max_time_value

    If max_time_units is set to:

    • days: an integer 1 to 365, inclusive.
    • hours: an integer 1 to 8760, inclusive.
    Defaults to 12.
    risk_based

    This set of keys is available in the Premier and Advantage editions. Remember user devices using risk-based authentication.

    Key Value
    max_time_units

    One of days (default) or hours.
    max_time_value

    If max_time_units is set to:

    • days: an integer 1 to 365, inclusive.
    • hours: an integer 1 to 8760, inclusive.
    Defaults to 30.
    windows_logon
    Key Value
    enabled

    Is true if devices are remembered for Windows Logon. Otherwise false (default).

    2FA will be enforced after users sign out, reboot, or change networks.

    max_time_units

    One of days (default) or hours.
    max_time_value

    If max_time_units is set to:

    • days: an integer 1 to 365, inclusive.
    • hours: an integer 1 to 8760, inclusive.
    Defaults to 30.

    Risk-Based Factor Selection

    Section Name: risk_based_factor_selection

    Corresponds to: Risk-Based Factor Selection

    This section is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.

    To enable these policy settings, applications must have the Universal Prompt activated or use the named "Duo Auth API" application. Learn more about requirements for these policy settings.

    Key Value
    limit_to_risk_based_auth_methods

    Is true (default) if the user is limited to risk-based authentication methods when Duo detects a higher-risk authentication. Otherwise false.
    risk_based_verified_push_digits

    The number of digits a verified push requires the user logging in to enter. An integer between 3 and 6, inclusive. Defaults to 6.

    Screen Lock

    Section Name: screen_lock

    Corresponds to: Screen Lock

    This section is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.

    Key Value
    require_screen_lock

    Is true (default) if the device must have a screen lock to be allowed for authentication. Otherwise false. Applies to iOS (8 and up) and Android.

    Tampered Devices

    Section Name: tampered_devices

    Corresponds to: Tampered Devices

    This section is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.

    Key Value
    block_tampered_devices

    Is true (default) if iOS or Android devices that are rooted or otherwise tampered with are not allowed for authentication. Otherwise false.

    Trusted Endpoints

    Section Name: trusted_endpoints

    Corresponds to: Trusted Endpoints

    A trusted endpoint is an endpoint that exists in a management system such as your EAM or MDM. It can be matched to your management system using Duo certificates or information provided by the Duo Mobile app.

    Key Value
    trusted_endpoint_checking

    Value is one of allow-all (default), require-trusted, or not-configured. Value will be not-configured if Trusted Endpoints management systems have not been configured. Trusted endpoints will still be checked for reporting purposes if allow-all is set, but untrusted endpoints will be allowed.
    trusted_endpoint_exception_ip_list

    Comma-separated list of public IP addresses that bypass the trusted device check when trusted_endpoint_checking is set to require-trusted. IP address lists can contain individual IPs, IP ranges and IP ranges in CIDR notation. Example: ["192.0.2.8", "198.51.100.0-198.51.100.20", "203.0.113.0/24"]
    cisco_secure_endpoint_can_block

    Is true if Cisco Secure Endpoint is allowed to block compromised endpoints. Otherwise false (default).
    trusted_endpoint_checking_mobile

    Allowed values and default are the same as trusted_endpoint_checking. Duo recommends not setting this value separately from trusted_endpoint_checking. Since the user-agent string is self-reported by the browser, it's possible to manipulate it from the client side to change the value reported to Duo, with the potential effect of bypassing a policy intended to block access.

    User Location

    Section Name: user_location

    Corresponds to: User Location

    This section is available in the Premier and Advantage editions.

    Obtain Alpha-2 country codes from https://www.iso.org/obp/. Choose Country Codes and then Search to see the list of country codes.

    Key Value
    require_mfa_countries_list

    List of one or more country codes. If the user’s location matches one of the codes, that user is required to use MFA to authenticate.
    deny_access_countries_list

    List of one or more country codes. If the user’s location matches one of the codes, that user is denied access.
    allow_access_no_2fa_countries_list

    List of one or more country codes. If the user’s location matches one of the codes, that user is allowed access without 2FA.
    ignore_location_countries_list

    List of one or more country codes. If the user’s location matches one of the codes, no action is taken.
    default_action

    Indicates behavior for country codes that aren’t in any list. Values are one of:

    • deny-access: User is denied access.
    • ignore-location (default): No action is taken.
    • require-mfa: User must use MFA to authenticate.
    • allow-access-no-2fa: User is allowed access without 2FA.

    Endpoints

    Retrieve Endpoints

    Returns a paged list of endpoints. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. When no limit is specified the response is limited to 100 results. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    Information for a given endpoint is purged after 30 days of inactivity.

    Endpoint information retrievable by Duo Premier and Duo Advantage customers. In addition, some response information is available only with Duo Premier.

    GET /admin/v1/endpoints

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    browsers Collected information about all detected browsers on an individual endpoint.
    Key Value
    browser_family The web browser family.
    browser_version The web browser version.
    flash_version The Flash plugin version. If not present then "uninstalled".
    java_version The Java plugin version. If not present then "uninstalled".
    last_used The date and time that the endpoint's browser was last used for access, shown as a Unix timestamp.
    computer_sid The machine security identifier of a Windows endpoint.
    cpu_id The CPU ID of a Windows endpoint.
    device_id Custom device identifier of a Meraki-managed iOS endpoint. Returned for Duo Premier customers only.
    device_identifier The unique device attribute value that identifies the endpoint. Returned for Duo Premier customers only. This property will be deprecated in a future release.
    device_identifier_type The device attribute used to identify a unique endpoint. One of "hardware_uuid", "fqdn", "hardware_serial", "device_udid", or none. This property will be deprecated in a future release.
    device_name The endpoint's hostname.
    device_udid The unique device identifier for iOS endpoints managed by Workspace ONE, Ivanti Endpoint Manager Mobile, Ivanti Neurons for MDM, or Sophos Mobile via certificates. Returned for Duo Premier customers only.
    device_username The unique attribute value that identifies the endpoint's associated user in the management system. Returned for Duo Premier customers only.
    device_username_type The management system attribute used to identify the user associated with the unique endpoint. One of "os_username", "upn", "username", "email", or none. Returned for Duo Premier customers only.
    disk_encryption_status The hard drive encryption status of the endpoint as detected by Duo Desktop. One of "On", "Off", or "Unknown".
    domain_sid The Active Directory domain security identifier for a domain-joined Windows endpoint. Empty if the Windows endpoint is not joined to a domain.
    email The email address, if present, of the user associated with an endpoint.
    epkey The endpoint's unique identifier. Most reliable when reported by Duo Desktop installed on the endpoint.
    firewall_status Status of the endpoint's local firewall as detected by Duo Desktop. One of "On", "Off", or "Unknown".
    hardware_uuid The universally unique identifier for a Mac endpoint.
    health_app_client_version The version of Duo Desktop installed on the endpoint.
    health_data_last_collected The last time Duo Desktop performed a device health check, as a Unix timestamp.
    last_updated The last time the endpoint accessed Duo, as a Unix timestamp.
    machine_guid The globally unique identifier for a Windows or macOS endpoint.
    model The device model of a 2FA endpoint.
    os_build The endpoint's operating system build number.
    os_family The endpoint's operating system platform.
    os_version The endpoint's operating system version.
    password_status Whether the local admin password is set on the endpoint as detected by Duo Desktop. One of "Set", "Unset", or "Unknown".
    security_agents Information about security agents present on the endpoint as detected by Duo Desktop. Returned for Duo Premier customers only.
    Key Value
    security_agent The name of the security agent.
    version The security agent version.
    trusted_endpoint Whether the endpoint is a Duo managed endpoint. One of "yes", "no", or "unknown".
    type The endpoint's device class.
    username The Duo username of the user associated with an endpoint.

    Example Response

    Example response for a Duo Premier plan customer

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [{
        "browsers": [{
            "browser_family": "Chrome",
            "browser_version": "91.0.4472.77",
            "flash_version": "uninstalled",
            "java_version": "uninstalled",
            "last_used": 1624451420
        },
        {
            "browser_family": "Safari",
            "browser_version": "14.1",
            "flash_version": "uninstalled",
            "java_version": "uninstalled",
            "last_used": 1624457297
        }],
        "computer_sid": "",
        "cpu_id": "",
        "device_id": "",
        "device_identifier": "3FA47335-1976-3BED-8286-D3F1ABCDEA13",
        "device_identifier_type": "hardware_uuid",
        "device_name": "ejmac",
        "device_udid": "",
        "device_username": "mba22915\u00e2\u0080\u0099s MacBook Air/mba22915",
        "device_username_type": "os_username",
        "disk_encryption_status": "On",
        "domain_sid": "",
        "email": "ejennings@example.com",
        "epkey": "EP18JX1A10AB102M2T2X",
        "firewall_status": "On",
        "hardware_uuid": "3FA47335-1976-3BED-8286-D3F1ABCDEA13",
        "health_app_client_version": "2.13.1.0",
        "health_data_last_collected": 1624451421,
        "last_updated": 1624451420,
        "machine_guid": "",
        "model": "",
        "os_build": "19H1030",
        "os_family": "Mac OS X",
        "os_version": "10.11.7",
        "password_status": "Set",
        "security_agents": [{
            "security_agent": "Cisco AMP for Endpoints",
            "version": "10.1.2.3",
        }],
        "trusted_endpoint": "yes",
        "type": "",
        "username": "ejennings"
    },
    {
        "browsers": [{
        {
            "browser_family": "Mobile Safari",
            "browser_version": "9.0",
            "flash_version": "uninstalled",
            "java_version": "uninstalled"
        }],
        "computer_sid": "",
        "cpu_id": "",
        "device_id": "",
        "device_identifier": "",
        "device_identifier_type": "",
        "device_name": "",
        "device_udid": "",
        "device_username": "",
        "device_username_type": "",
        "disk_encryption_status": "Unknown",
        "domain_sid": "",
        "email": "mhanson@example.com",
        "epkey": "EP65MWZWXA10AB1027TQ",
        "firewall_status": "Unknown",
        "hardware_uuid": "",
        "health_app_client_version": "",
        "health_data_last_collected": "",
        "last_updated": 1622036309,
        "machine_guid": "",
        "model": "iPhone",
        "os_build": "",
        "os_family": "iOS",
        "os_version": "14.5.1",
        "password_status": "Unknown",
        "security_agents": [],
        "trusted_endpoint": "unknown",
        "type": "",
        "username": "mhanson"
    }],
}

    Retrieve Endpoint by ID

    Return information for an individual endpoint with epkey. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    Some response information available for Duo Premier customers only.

    GET /admin/v1/endpoints/[epkey]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No endpoint was found with the given epkey.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Endpoints.

    Example Response

    Example response for a Duo Advantage plan customer

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
        "browsers": [{
            "browser_family": "Edge Chromium",
            "browser_version": "91.0.864.54",
            "flash_version": "uninstalled",
            "java_version": "uninstalled",
            "last_used": 1624459875
        }],
        "computer_sid": "S-1-5-21-3284820969-3957662392-1842130629",
        "cpu_id": "561699bcbac7533644465b4f16637adf5870773b571f6d5b90bbfaeb2f0ba568",
        "device_identifier": "561699bcbac7533644465b4f16637adf5870773b571f6d5b90bbfaeb2f0ba568",
        "device_identifier_type": "hardware_serial",
        "device_name": "AMOSSPC",
        "disk_encryption_status": "Off",
        "domain_sid": "",
        "email": "",
        "epkey": "EPQC0C77F6MLXBCXCSWP",
        "firewall_status": "On",
        "hardware_uuid": "",
        "health_app_client_version": "2.14.0",
        "health_data_last_collected": 1624459875,
        "last_updated": 1624459875,
        "machine_guid": "6345e8c1-e717-4c68-a0f9-34cd0789e17f",
        "model": "",
        "os_build": "",
        "os_family": "Windows",
        "os_version": "10.0.19041.1052",
        "password_status": "Set",
        "type": "",
        "username": "amoss"
    },
}

    Registered Devices

    Retrieve Registered Devices

    Returns a paged list of Duo Desktop registered devices. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset. If no number or extension parameters are provided, the list will contain all registered devices. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/registered_devices

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    compkey Computer/Device key.
    device_name The endpoint's hostname.
    device_os Operating system on the device.
    identifier The unique device attribute value that identifies the endpoint.
    user

    Selected information about the end user attached to this device. See Retrieve Users for descriptions of the response fields.

    Example Response

    {
  "metadata": {
    "total_objects": 2
  },
  "response": [
    {            
      "compkey": "CRSFWW1YWVNUXMBJ1J29",
      "device_name": "CJONES-M-J1JF",
      "device_os": "Mac OS X",
      "identifier": "561699bcbac7533644465b4f16637adf5870773b571f6d5b90bbfaeb2f0ba568",
      "user": [
        {                    
          "alias1": null,
          "alias2": null,
          "alias3": null,
          "alias4": null,
          "aliases": {},
          "created": 1716491582,
          "email": "cjones@example.com",
          "enable_auto_prompt": true,
          "firstname": "Chris",
          "is_enrolled": true,
          "last_directory_sync": null,
          "last_login": 1716921006,
          "lastname": "Jones",
          "notes": "for CJ",
          "realname": "Chris Jones",
          "status": "active",
          "user_id":"DUO3MIXQG78V9A0C29GS",
          "username": "cjones"
        },
        {                   
          "alias1": null,
          "alias2": null,
          "alias3": null,
          "alias4": null,
          "aliases": {},
          "created": 1716562757,
          "email": "cjones@example.com",
          "enable_auto_prompt": true,
          "firstname": "Chris",
          "is_enrolled": true,
          "last_directory_sync": null,
          "last_login": 1716922823,
          "lastname": "Jones",
          "notes": "for CJ",
          "realname": "Chris Jones",
          "status": "active",
          "user_id": "DULM95N4M4RVYO2HRYDW",
          "username": "cjones"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
        "compkey": "CRSFWW1YWVNUXMBJ1J29",
        "device_name": "CJONES-M-J1JF",
        "device_os": "Mac OS X",
        "identifier": "561699bcbac7533644465b4f16637adf5870773b571f6d5b90bbfaeb2f0ba568",
        "user": [
          {
            "alias1": null,
            "alias2": null,
            "alias3": null,
            "alias4": null,
            "aliases": {},
            "created": 1716562757,
            "email": "cjones@example.com",
            "enable_auto_prompt": true,
            "firstname": "Chris",
            "is_enrolled": true,
            "last_directory_sync": null,
            "last_login": 1716922823,
            "lastname": "Jones",
            "notes": "for CJ",
            "realname": "Chris Jones",
            "status": "active",
            "user_id": "DULM95N4M4RVYO2HRYDW",
            "username": "cjones"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "stat": "OK"
}

    Delete Registered Device

    Deletes a single registered device corresponding to the compkey provided.

    DELETE /admin/v1/registered_devices/[compkey]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No registered device was found with the given compkey.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Retrieve Registered Device by ID

    Return the single registered device with compkey. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/registered_devices/[compkey]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No registered device was found with the given compkey.

    Response Format

    Refer to Retrieve Registered Devices for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
    "response": {
        "compkey": "CRSFWW1YWVNUXMBJ1J29",
        "device_name": "CJONES-M-J1JF",
        "device_os": "Mac OS X",
        "identifier": "561699bcbac7533644465b4f16637adf5870773b571f6d5b90bbfaeb2f0ba568",
        "user": [
            {
                "alias1": null,
                "alias2": null,
                "alias3": null,
                "alias4": null,
                "aliases": {},
                "created": 1717178659,
                "email": "cjones@example.com",
                "enable_auto_prompt": true,
                "firstname": "Chris",
                "is_enrolled": true,
                "last_directory_sync": null,
                "last_login": 1717441468,
                "lastname": "Jones",
                "notes": "for CJ",
                "realname": "Chris Jones",
                "status": "active",
                "user_id": "DUGE3VH8SOZP121FH3K6",
                "username": "cjones"
            }
        ]
    },
    "stat": "OK"
}

    Blocked Registered Devices

    Retrieve Blocked Devices

    Returns a paged list of blocked devices. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset. If no number or extension parameters are provided, the list will contain all registered devices. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/registered_devices/blocked

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a list of blocked devices.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    blocked

    If BLOCKED_REGISTRATION, the device is blocked from registering. If FALSE, the device is allowed to register.
    compkey Computer/Device key.
    device_name The endpoint's hostname.
    device_os Operating system on the device.
    identifier The unique device attribute value that identifies the endpoint.

    Example Response

    {
  "metadata": {
    "total_objects": 2
  },
  "response": [
    {  
      "blocked": "BLOCKED_REGISTRATION",          
      "compkey": "CABCDE1FGHIJKLMNO234",
      "device_name": "CJONES-M-A1BC",
      "device_os": "Mac OS X",
      "identifier": "123456abcde7533644465b4f16637adf5870773b571f6d5b90bbfaeb2f0ba568"
    },
    {
      "blocked": "BLOCKED_REGISTRATION",
      "compkey": "CABCDE1FGHIJKLMN2345",
      "device_name": "JSMITH-M-A1BC",
      "device_os": "Mac OS X",
      "identifier": "1234567bcde7533644465b4f16637adf5870773b571f6d5b90bbfaeb2f0ba568"
    }
  ],
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Retrieve Blocked Device by ID

    Return the single blocked device with compkey. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/registered_devices/blocked/[compkey]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No blocked device was found with the given compkey.

    Response Format

    Refer to Retrieve Blocked Devices for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": {
    "blocked": "BLOCKED_REGISTRATION",          
    "compkey": "CABCDE1FGHIJKLMNO234",
    "device_name": "CJONES-M-A1BC",
    "device_os": "Mac OS X",
    "identifier": "123456abcde7533644465b4f16637adf5870773b571f6d5b90bbfaeb2f0ba568"
  },
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Block Devices

    Block devices from accessing any applications protected by a Duo policy that requires device registration. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/registered_devices/blocked

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    registered_device_key_list Required An array of registered devices to block. Specified with compkey.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a list of registered devices that were blocked.
    400 The values within registered_device_key_list were either incorrect or missing.
    404 No registered devices were found with the given registered_device_key_list.

    Response Format

    Refer to Retrieve Blocked Devices for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
 "response": [
    {  
      "blocked": "BLOCKED_REGISTRATION",          
      "compkey": "CABCDE1FGHIJKLMNO234",
      "device_name": "CJONES-M-A1BC",
      "device_os": "Mac OS X",
      "identifier": "123456abcde7533644465b4f16637adf5870773b571f6d5b90bbfaeb2f0ba568"
    },
    {
      "blocked": "BLOCKED_REGISTRATION",
      "compkey": "CABCDE1FGHIJKLMN2345",
      "device_name": "JSMITH-M-A1BC",
      "device_os": "Mac OS X",
      "identifier": "1234567bcde7533644465b4f16637adf5870773b571f6d5b90bbfaeb2f0ba568"
    }
  ],
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Block Device by ID

    Block a device from accessing any applications protected by a Duo policy that requires device registration with compkey. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/registered_devices/blocked/[compkey]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a list of registered devices that were blocked.
    404 No registered device was found with the given compkey.

    Response Format

    Refer to Retrieve Blocked Devices for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": {
    "blocked": "BLOCKED_REGISTRATION",          
    "compkey": "CABCDE1FGHIJKLMNO234",
    "device_name": "CJONES-M-A1BC",
    "device_os": "Mac OS X",
    "identifier": "123456abcde7533644465b4f16637adf5870773b571f6d5b90bbfaeb2f0ba568"
  },
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Unblock Devices

    Unblock devices. Previously registered devices will retain their original registration data. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/registered_devices/blocked

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    registered_device_key_list Required An array of blocked devices to unblock. Specified with compkey.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a list of blocked devices that were unblocked.
    400 The values within registered_device_key_list were either incorrect or missing.
    404 No blocked devices were found with the given registered_device_key_list.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
    "response": "",
    "stat": "OK"
}

    Unblock Device by ID

    Unblock a device with compkey. Previously registered devices will retain their original registration data. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/registered_devices/blocked/[compkey]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a list of blocked devices that were unblocked.
    404 No blocked device was found with the given compkey.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
    "response": "",
    "stat": "OK"
}

    Passport

    The Passport v2 API does not use the same authentication and request signing detailed earlier in this document. Our Python, Go, Java, and Node.JS API clients have been updated with the new authentication and signing requirements and include support for the Passport v2 API endpoint. We recommend you use the duo_client_python Python API client, the duo_api_golang Go API client, the duo_client_java Java API client, or the duo_api_nodejs Node.JS API client to interact with the Passport v2 endpoint.

    Retrieve Passport Configuration

    Returns the configuration for Duo Passport. Requires "Grant resource - Read" API permissions.

    GET /admin/v2/passport/config

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    disabled_groups

    List of groups that have Passport disabled.

    Key Value
    group_id The group's ID.
    group_name The group's name.
    enabled_groups

    List of groups that have Passport enabled.

    Key Value
    group_id The group's ID.
    group_name The group's name.
    enabled_status

    The enabled status. One of:

    Status Value
    disabled Passport is disabled for all users.
    enabled Passport is enabled for all users.
    enabled-for-groups Passport is enabled for selected groups.
    enabled-with-exceptions Passport is enabled for all users except for selected groups.

    Example Response

    {
    "response": {
        "disabled_groups": [],
        "enabled_groups": [
            {
                "group_id": "DAB12CDEFGHIJKLM3NOP",
                "group_name": "Acme Group"
            }
        ],
        "enabled_status": "enabled-for-groups"
    },
    "stat": "OK"
}

    Modify Passport Configuration

    Change the status and update the groups used for Duo Passport. Requires "Grant resource - Write" API permissions.

    Note: This API call must be represented as JSON and cannot be passed in via URL parameters. Some Duo clients (Python or Java, for example) offer helper functions to handle requests to the Admin API.

    POST /admin/v2/passport/config

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    disabled_groups Required

    List of groups that have Passport disabled.

    Key Value
    group_id The group's ID.
    group_name The group's name.
    enabled_groups Required

    List of groups that have Passport enabled.

    Key Value
    group_id The group's ID.
    group_name The group's name.
    enabled_status Required

    The enabled status. One of:

    Status Value
    disabled Passport is disabled for all users.
    enabled Passport is enabled for all users.
    enabled-for-groups Passport is enabled for selected groups.
    enabled-with-exceptions Passport is enabled for all users except for selected groups.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": "",
  "stat": "OK"
}

    Administrators

    Retrieve Administrators

    Returns a paged list of administrators. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. Requires "Grant administrators - Read" or "Grant administrators - Write" and "Grant resource - Read" API permissions.

    GET /admin/v1/admins

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    admin_id The administrator's ID.
    admin_units The list of administrative units (by admin_unit_id) to which the admin belongs. For an unrestricted admin, this is an empty list.
    created

    The administrator's creation date as a Unix timestamp. No creation date shown for administrators created before October 2021.
    email The administrator's email address.
    hardtoken Information about hardware tokens attached to the administrator, or null if none attached. See Retrieve Hardware Tokens for descriptions of the response values.
    last_directory_sync

    An integer indicating the last update to the administrator via directory sync as a Unix timestamp, or null if the administrator has never synced with an external directory or if the directory that originally created the user has been deleted from Duo.
    last_login An integer indicating the last time this administrator logged in, as a Unix timestamp, or null if the administrator has not logged in.
    name The administrator's full name.
    password_change_required Either true if the administrator must change their password at the next login, or false if no password change is required.
    phone

    The phone number in E.164 format.
    restricted_by_admin_units

    Is this administrator restricted by an administrative unit assignment? Either true or false. Must be set to true in order to add the admin to an administrative unit using the API.
    role

    The administrator's role. One of: "Owner", "Administrator", "Application Manager", "User Manager", "Security Analyst", "Help Desk", "Billing", "Phishing Manager", or "Read-only". Only present in the response if the customer edition includes the Administrative Roles feature.
    status The administrator account's status. One of: "Active" (admin can log in to Duo), "Disabled" (admin prevented from access), "Expired" (admin blocked from access due to inactivity), or "Pending Activation" (new admin must complete activation to gain access).
    webauthncredentials

    A list of WebAuthn authenticators that this administrator can use.

    Key Value
    credential_name Free-form label for the WebAuthn credential.
    date_added The date the WebAuthn credential was registered in Duo.
    webauthnkey The WebAuthn credential's registration identifier.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [ 
    {
     "admin_id": "DEVKWVBJA7LO95OIBIS3",
     "admin_units": [],
      "created": 1648143942,
      "email": "rscott@example.com",
      "hardtoken": {
        "serial": "1234567890",
        "token_id": "DH1TIP00LBCIH887OPSV",
        "totp_step": null,
        "type": "d1"
      },
      "last_directory_sync": null,
      "last_login": 1343921403,
      "name": "Rachael Scott",
      "password_change_required": false,
      "phone": "+17345551000",
      "restricted_by_admin_units": false,
      "role": "Owner",
      "status": "Active",
      "webauthncredentials": [
        {
            "credential_name": "Security key",
            "date_added": 1679412977,
            "webauthnkey": "WA1HOM2JP00L6HLP5JYM"
        },
        {
            "credential_name": "Touch ID",
            "date_added": 1679497182,
            "webauthnkey": "WABNYB93OD4DVWVBC41X"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
     "admin_id": "DEVKWVBJA7P00LD4DIS3",
     "admin_units": [],
      "created": 1648146942,
      "email": "fulan@example.com",
      "hardtoken": {},
      "last_directory_sync": 1658850983,
      "last_login": 1343971403,
      "name": "Fulan Al Fulani",
      "password_change_required": false,
      "phone": "+17345551100",
      "restricted_by_admin_units": false,
      "role": "Administrator",
      "status": "Active"
    }
  ]
}

    Create Administrator

    Create a new administrator. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/admins

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    email Required Valid email address for the new administrator.
    name Required Name for the new administrator.
    password Deprecated Legacy parameter; ignored if specified. Formerly the password value for the new administrator.
    password_change_required Deprecated This parameter may not be used when creating a new administrator, as the new admin does not have a password at creation.
    phone Optional

    Phone number for the new administrator; E.164 format recommended (i.e. "+17345551212"). If no leading plus sign is provided then it is assumed to be a United States number and an implicit "+1" country code is prepended. Dashes and spaces are ignored.

    If this parameter is specified it cannot be empty.
    role Optional

    The administrator's role. One of: "Owner", "Administrator", "Application Manager", "User Manager", "Security Analyst", "Help Desk", "Billing", "Phishing Manager", or "Read-only". The role names are case-sensitive. Defaults to "Owner" if not specified.

    Roles other than "Owner" are effective only if the customer edition includes the Administrative Roles feature.
    restricted_by_admin_units Optional

    Is this administrator restricted by an administrative unit assignment? Either true or false. Defaults to false if not specified. Must be set to true in order to add the admin to an administrative unit using the API. Note that attempting to set to true for admins with the "Owner" role results in a failure response.
    send_email Optional If set to 1, the activation link and an introductory message will be emailed to the new administrator. If set to 0, no email is sent, and the link is returned to the API method's caller only. Default: 0.
    token_id Optional The token_id of the hardware token to associate with the administrator.
    valid_days Optional Number of days before the activation link expires. Default: 7 Maximum:: 31

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns the newly created administrator.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, the role assigned may not be restricted by an administrative unit, or the provided email address is already in use by another administrator.

    Response Format

    Returns the created single administrator object, with the same information as Retrieve Administrator by ID plus:

    activation_url_expires An integer indicating the timestamp of the activation link's expiration.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "activation_url": "https://admin-abcd1234.duosecurity.com/admins/activation/DAAR5SIVP00LYZA0WDAD/87e9b5fe47010441b5j05h2c5838fbf5",
    "activation_url_expires": 1604347975,  
    "admin_id": "DEVKWVBJA7LO95OIBIS3",
    "admin_units": [],
    "created": 1648143942,
    "email": "rscott@example.com",
    "hardtoken": null,
    "last_directory_sync": null,
    "last_login": null,
    "name": "Rachael Scott",
    "password_change_required": false,
    "phone": null,
    "restricted_by_admin_units": false,
    "role": "Help Desk",
    "status": "Pending Activation"
  }
}

    Retrieve Administrator by ID

    Return the single administrator with the administrator ID admin_id. Requires "Grant administrators - Read" or "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/admins/[admin_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No administrator was found with the given admin_id.

    Response Format

    Returns the single administrator object, with the same information as Retrieve Administrators plus:

    activation_url Link to the activation form if an activation link exists for that admin.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
      "admin_id": "DEA0HJ95P00LNFXO9DEMK",
      "admin_units": [],
      "created": null,
      "email": "ellery.munson@example.com",
      "hardtoken": {
          "serial": "100048",
          "token_id": "DH89J6KJAF00BQ2ILS0K",
          "totp_step": null,
          "type": "h6"
      },
      "last_directory_sync": null,
      "last_login": 1679517329,
      "name": "Ellery Munson",
      "password_change_required": false,
      "phone": "+17345559542",
      "restricted_by_admin_units": false,
      "role": "Administrator",
      "status": "Active",
      "webauthncredentials": [
          {
              "credential_name": "Touch ID",
              "date_added": 1679517297,
              "webauthnkey": "WAJ3YT0D4DMSIW9F6MVC"
          }
      ]
    }
}

    Modify Administrator

    Change the name, phone number, or other properties of the administrator with the administrator ID admin_id. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/admins/[admin_id]

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    name Optional New name for the administrator. Read-only if the admin is managed by directory sync.
    phone Optional

    The phone number; E.164 format recommended (i.e. "+17345551212"). If no leading plus sign is provided then it is assumed to be a United States number and an implicit "+1" country code is prepended. Dashes and spaces are ignored.

    If this parameter is specified it cannot be empty.
    password Deprecated Legacy parameter; ignored if specified. Formerly the new password value for the administrator.
    password_change_required Optional Specify true to require that the admin pick a new password at their next login, or false if no password change is required. May not be changed to true if the admin has external password management enabled.
    role Optional

    New role for the administrator. One of: "Owner", "Administrator", "Application Manager", "User Manager", "Security Analyst", "Help Desk", "Billing", "Phishing Manager", or "Read-only". The role names are case-sensitive. Roles other than "Owner" are effective only if the customer edition includes the Administrative Roles feature. Read-only if the admin is managed by directory sync.
    restricted_by_admin_units Optional

    Is this administrator restricted by an administrative unit assignment? Either true or false. Must be set to true in order to add the admin to an administrative unit using the API. Note that attempting to set to true for admins with the "Owner" role results in a failure response.
    status Optional The desired administrator account status. Either "Active" or "Disabled" (case-sensitive). Administrators with the "Owner" role may not be disabled via API. To clear an inactive admin's "Expired" status, see Clear Administrator Expiration. Read-only if the admin is managed by directory sync.
    token_id Optional The ID of the hardware token to associate with the administrator. Specify with no value to remove any existing token assignment for that administrator.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The administrator was modified successfully. The administrator object is also returned (see Retrieve Administrator by ID).
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, or the role assigned may not be restricted by an administrative unit.
    404 No administrator was found with the given admin_id.

    Response Format

    Returns the single modified administrator object. Refer to Retrieve Administrators for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Administrator by ID.

    Delete Administrator

    Delete the administrator with administrator ID admin_id from the system. Administrators managed by directory sync can not be deleted via API. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/admins/[admin_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The administrator was deleted or did not exist.
    400 The administrator could not be deleted.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Reset Administrator Authentication Attempts

    Clear the number of failed login attempts for the administrator with admin_id. Re-enables an administrator who has been disabled due to too many failed authentication attempts. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/admins/[admin_id]/reset

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The administrator's authentication failure count was set to zero.
    404 No administrator was found with the given admin_id.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Clear Administrator Expiration

    Clear expiration for the administrator with admin_id after the admin has been expired due to inactivity. The administrator's status changes from "Expired" to the status applied to that admin before inactive expiration, and restores access to the Duo Admin Panel if the effective status is "Active". Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/admins/[admin_id]/clear_inactivity

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The administrator's "Expired" status was cleared.
    404 No administrator was found with the given admin_id.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Email Activation Link to Administrator Pending Activation

    Email the current activation link to the administrator pending activation with the administrator ID admin_id. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/admins/[admin_id]/activation_link/email

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 An email with the activation link was sent to the admin.
    400 Invalid administrator for activation.
    404 Invalid admin_id.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    admin_activation_id The ID of the administrator activation link.
    code Activation code used to create this activation link and message.
    email Email address of the administrator.
    expires An integer indicating the timestamp of the activation link's expiration.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
      "admin_activation_id": "DK9PHLB5Z8NZJRFSJX4Q",
      "code": "g793cfba2b4e8684164c6b8766baad08",
      "email": "rscott@example.com",
      "expires": 1604348536
  }
}

    Delete Activation Link from Administrator Pending Activation

    Deletes and invalidates the current activation link from the administrator pending activation with the administrator ID admin_id. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/admins/[admin_id]/activation_link

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Any existing activation link was deleted and invalidated.
    400 Invalid administrator for activation.
    404 Invalid admin_id.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Administrator by ID.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "admin_id": "DEVKWVBJA7LO95OIBIS3",
    "admin_units": [],
    "created": 1648143942,
    "email": "rscott@example.com",
    "hardtoken": null,
    "last_directory_sync": null,
    "last_login": null,
    "name": "Rachael Scott",
    "password_change_required": false,
    "phone": null,
    "restricted_by_admin_units": false,
    "role": "Owner",
    "status": "Pending Activation"
  }
}

    Create Activation Link for Administrator Pending Activation

    Creates an activation link for the administrator pending activation with the administrator ID admin_id. There must not already be an existing activation link for the admin. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/admins/[admin_id]/activation_link

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Creates an activation link for the admin.
    400 Invalid administrator for activation or an activation link already exists for that admin.
    404 Invalid admin_id.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Administrator by ID.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "activation_url": "https://admin-abcd1234.duosecurity.com/admins/activation/DAAR5SIVP00LYZA0WDAD/87e9b5fe47010441b5j05h2c5838fbf5",
    "admin_id": "DEVKWVBJA7LO95OIBIS3",
    "admin_units": [],
    "created": 1648143942,
    "email": "rscott@example.com",
    "hardtoken": null,
    "last_directory_sync": null,
    "last_login": null,
    "name": "Rachael Scott",
    "password_change_required": false,
    "phone": null,
    "restricted_by_admin_units": false,
    "role": "Owner",
    "status": "Pending Activation"
  }
}

    Create Administrator Activation Link

    Create a link to the activation form for a new administrator with email address email. The administrator will not actually be created until the activation form is completed with further information (like the administrator's name and phone number). Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/admins/activations

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    email Required Email address for the new administrator. Must not already be in use by any other administrator or pending administrator activation.
    admin_name Optional The full name of the administrator. The administrator's email will be used as the name if not specified.
    admin_role Optional

    The administrator's role. One of: "Owner", "Administrator", "Application Manager", "User Manager","Security Analyst", "Help Desk", "Billing", "Phishing Manager", or "Read-only". The role names are case-sensitive. Defaults to "Owner" if not specified. Roles other than "Owner" are effective only if the customer edition includes the Administrative Roles feature.
    send_email Optional If set to 1, the activation link and an introductory message will be emailed to the new administrator. If set to 0, no email is sent, and the link is returned to the API method's caller only. Default: 0.
    valid_days Optional Number of days before the link expires. Default: 7 Maximum: 31

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Activation link is returned (and optionally emailed).
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, or email is already in use by an existing administrator or pending activation request.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    admin_activation_id The ID of the administrator activation link.
    admin_role The administrator role assigned to the new admin.
    code Activation code used to create this activation link and message.
    email Email address supplied by the caller. If the activation form is completed a new administrator will be created with this email address.
    email_sent 1 if the introductory message was emailed to the new administrator; 0 otherwise.
    expires An integer indicating the Unix timestamp of the activation link's expiration.
    link Link to the activation form.
    message Introductory message body.
    subject Introductory message subject.
    valid_days An integer indicating the number of days before the activation link expires.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "admin_activation_id": "DK9PHLB5Z8NZJRFSJX4Q",
    "admin_name": "Soren Ogilby",
    "admin_role": "Read-only",
    "code": "g793cfba2b4e8684164c6b8766baad08",
    "email": "sogilby@example.com",
    "email_sent": 1,
    "expires": 1550075404,
    "link": "https://admin-abcd1234.duosecurity.com/activation/g793cfba2b4e8684164c6b8766baad08",
    "message": "\nHello sogilby@example.com,\n\nYou have been added as a Duo administrator for the Acme Corp organization with the role of Read-Only. It takes about 3 minutes to set up and you will need your smartphone.\n\nClick the link below to start setting up your account. Your invitation will expire on Mon, Nov 2 at 11:02 PM UTC.\n\nhttps://admin-abcd1234.duosecurity.com/activation/g793cfba2b4e8684164c6b8766baad08\n\nRegards,\nDuo Security\n",
    "subject": "Set up your administrator account on Duo Security",
    "valid_days": 7
  },
}

    Retrieve Pending Administrator Activations

    Returns a paged list of pending administrator activations. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. Requires "Grant administrators - Read" or "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/admins/activations

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 A list of pending admin activations is returned.
    400 Invalid paging parameters.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    admin_activation_id The ID of the administrator activation link.
    code Activation code used to create this activation link and message.
    email Email address supplied by the caller. If the activation form is completed a new administrator will be created with this email address.
    expires An integer indicating the timestamp of the activation link's expiration.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "admin_activation_id": "DK9PHLB5Z8NZJRFSJX4Q",
    "code": "g793cfba2b4e8684164c6b8766baad08",
    "email": "sogilby@example.com",
    "expires": 1550075404
  },
}

    Delete Pending Administrator Activation

    Delete the pending admin activation with ID admin_activation_id from the system. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/admins/activations/[admin_activation_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The pending admin activation link was deleted or did not exist.
    404 Invalid admin_activation_id format.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Synchronize Admin from Directory

    Initiate a sync to create, update, or mark for deletion the administrator specified by email against the directory specified by the directory_key. The directory_key for a directory can be found by navigating to Users → Administrators → Admin Directory Sync in the Duo Admin Panel, and then clicking on the configured directory. Learn more about syncing individual admins from Active Directory, OpenLDAP, or Entra ID. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/admins/directorysync/[directory_key]/syncadmin

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    email Required Email address of the admin to update or create via directory sync. This should be the same as the value for the admin's email attribute in the source directory as configured in the sync. Administrators with "Owner" role may not be synced.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The admin was synced successfully and updated or added in Duo. The admin object is also returned (see Retrieve Users).
    404 The specified email or directory_key was incorrect, the admin is not managed by the specified directory, or the admin is not a member of any source directory group specified in the sync configuration.
    429 Too many requests; try again later.

    Response Format

    Returns the single synced administrator object with an additional message stating the admin synced successfully. Refer to Retrieve Administrators for an explanation of the object's keys.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response":{
    "admin": {
        "admin_id": "DE98U1VAFZ6CO4T06HZO",
        "admin_units": [],
        "created": 1658850929,
        "email": "sogilby@example.com",
        "hardtoken": null,
        "last_directory_sync": 1658850983,
        "last_login": null,
        "name": "Soren Ogilby",
        "password_change_required": false,
        "phone": "+17345559777",
        "restricted_by_admin_units": false,
        "role": "Help Desk",
        "status": "Pending Activation"
    },
    "message": "User sogilby@example.com synced successfully."
}

    Retrieve Admin External Password Management Status

    Returns a paged list of administrators indicating whether they have been configured for external password management. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. Requires "Grant administrators - Read" or "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/admins/password_mgmt

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0

    This API endpoint has no additional parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Returns a list of administrators with each admin's external password management status.
    400 Invalid paging parameters.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    admin_id The administrator's ID.
    email The administrator's email address.
    has_external_password_mgmt Either true if the administrator's password may be set via API, or false if passwords are self-managed (default).

    Example Response

    {
   "stat": "OK",
    "response": [
        {
            "admin_id": "DEORP00LUIXPGD4DCC37",
            "email": "sogilby@example.com",
            "has_external_password_mgmt": false
        },
    ],
}

    Retrieve Admin External Password Management Status by ID

    Returns the external password management configuration for the single administrator with the administrator ID admin_id. Requires "Grant administrators - Read" or "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/admins/[admin_id]/password_mgmt

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Returns the specified administrator's password management status.
    404 No administrator was found with the given admin_id.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Admin External Password Management Status.

    Example Response

    {
    "stat": "OK",
    "response": {
        "admin_id": "DEORP00LUIXPGD4DCC37",
        "email": "sogilby@example.com",
        "has_external_password_mgmt": false
    },
}

    Modify Admin External Password Management Status or Password

    Enable or disable an administrator, specified by admin_id, for external password management, or set the password for an administrator with has_external_password_mgmt set to true (either passed in with the same POST or previously set).

    Administrator passwords must have at least twelve characters, and may also require a mix of character types depending on your Admin Password Policy settings. New passwords will be checked against common passwords, usernames, and other account information to ensure uniqueness.

    Setting has_external_password_mgmt also updates the administrator account's password_change_required value. When has_external_password_mgmt is set to true, password_change_required is updated to false, as enabling external password management restricts administrators from performing self-service password resets via the Duo Admin Panel UI. When has_external_password_mgmt is set to false, password_change_required is updated to true to ensure that an administrator no longer subject to external password management updates their password to a new value not known by the external system.

    POST /admin/v1/admins/[admin_id]/password_mgmt

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    has_external_password_mgmt Optional Specify true if the administrator's password may be set via API, or false if passwords are self-managed. If specifying true you may also send a password value in the same operation.
    password Optional New password for the administrator. May be sent in the same operation with has_external_password_mgmt=true

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Password specified when external password management not enabled for the admin, or new password does not satisfy the password policy.
    404 No administrator was found with the given admin_id.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    admin_id The administrator's ID.
    email The administrator's email address.
    has_external_password_mgmt Returns true if the administrator's password may be set via API, or false if passwords are self-managed. If the setting was changed in the request then the new value is returned.
    password_changed Returns true if the administrator's password was changed in the request, or false if the request did not attempt to change the password.

    Example Response

    {
    "stat": "OK",
    "response": {
            "admin_id": "DEORP00LUIXPGD4DCC37",
            "email": "sogilby@example.com",
            "has_external_password_mgmt": true,
            "password_changed": true
    },
}

    Retrieve Administrator Authentication Factors

    Retrieve a list of the secondary authentication methods permitted for administrator log on to the Duo Admin Panel. Requires "Grant administrators - Read" or "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/admins/allowed_auth_methods

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    hardware_token_enabled If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel with an OTP hardware token. If false, administrators may not use OTP hardware tokens.
    mobile_otp_enabled If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel with a passcode generated by the Duo Mobile app. If false, administrators may not use Duo Mobile passcodes.
    push_enabled If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel by approving a push request in the Duo Mobile app. If false, administrators may not approve login with Duo Push.
    sms_enabled If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel with a passcode received via SMS. If false, administrators may not use SMS passcodes.
    verified_push_enabled If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel with a Verified Duo Push. If false, administrators are not required to enter a verification code in the Duo Mobile app to approve a login request.
    verified_push_length The number of digits a Verified Duo Push requires the admin to enter in the Duo Mobile app to approve a login request. An integer between 3 and 6, inclusive. Defaults to 3. Is null if verified_push_enabled is false.
    voice_enabled If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel by approving the request received via phone call. If false, administrators may not approve login with a phone call.
    webauthn_enabled If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel with a WebAuthn credential (also known as a passkey). If false, administrators may not use passkeys.
    yubikey_enabled If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel with a Yubikey token. If false, administrators may not use Yubikey tokens.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "hardware_token_enabled": true,
    "mobile_otp_enabled": true,
    "push_enabled": true,
    "sms_enabled": false,
    "verified_push_enabled": false,
    "verified_push_length": null,
    "voice_enabled": false,
    "webauthn_enabled": true,
    "yubikey_enabled": true
  }
}

    Restrict Administrator Authentication Factors

    Enable or disable secondary authentication methods permitted for administrator log on to the Duo Admin Panel. When no methods are restricted Duo administrators may use any available two-factor method. Any method not explicitly set to true in the POST is disabled. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/admins/allowed_auth_methods

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    hardware_token_enabled Optional, but at least one valid factor must be set to true. If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel with an OTP hardware token. If false or not specified, administrators may not use OTP hardware tokens.
    mobile_otp_enabled Optional, but at least one valid factor must be set to true. If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel with a passcode generated by the Duo Mobile app. If false or not specified, administrators may not use Duo Mobile passcodes.
    push_enabled Optional, but at least one valid factor must be set to true. If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel by approving a push request in the Duo Mobile app. If false or not specified, administrators may not approve login with Duo Push.
    sms_enabled Optional, but at least one valid factor must set to true. If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel with a passcode received via SMS. If false or not specified, administrators may not use SMS passcodes.
    verified_push_enabled Optional, but at least one valid factor must set to true. If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel with a Verified Duo Push. If false, administrators are not required to enter a verification code in the Duo Mobile app to approve a login request.
    verified_push_length Optional, but verified_push_enabled must be true. The number of digits a Verified Duo Push requires the admin to enter in the Duo Mobile app to approve a login request. An integer between 3 and 6, inclusive. Defaults to 3 if not specified.
    voice_enabled Optional, but at least one valid factor must be set to true. If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel by approving the request received via phone call. If false or not specified, administrators may not approve login with a phone call.
    webauthn_enabled Optional, but at least one valid factor must be set to true. If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel with a WebAuthn credential (also known as a passkey). If false or not specified, administrators may not use passkeys.
    yubikey_enabled Optional, but at least one valid factor must be set to true. If true, administrators may authenticate to the Duo Admin Panel with a Yubikey token. If false or not specified, administrators may not use Yubikey tokens.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The settings were modified successfully. The settings object is also returned (see Retrieve Administrator Authentication Factors).
    400 Invalid or missing parameters. For example, no valid factor was specified.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Administrator Authentication Factors

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Administrator Authentication Factors

    Administrative Units

    Retrieve Administrative Units

    Returns a paged list of all administrative units if no parameters specified. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the offset parameter as long as the result metadata has a next_offset value. Requires "Grant administrators - Read" or "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    Optionally specify at most one parameter to return a list of administrative units associated with the given administrator, group, or integration.

    GET /admin/v1/administrative_units

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 500
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0
    Parameter Required? Description
    admin_id Optional A Duo administrator's admin_id.
    group_id Optional A Duo group's group_id.
    integration_key Optional The integration_key for a Duo integration.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No administrative unit was found with the given admin_id, group_id, or integration_key.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    admin_unit_id The administrative unit's unique ID.
    description The administrative unit's description.
    name The administrative unit's name.
    restrict_by_groups Does the administrative unit specify groups? Either true or false.
    restrict_by_integrations Does the administrative unit specify integrations? Either true or false.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [{
    "admin_unit_id": "AUT0HJ753KH67HGF4S7H",
    "description": "Acme Corp Europe, Middle East, and Africa",
    "name": "Acme EMEA",
    "restrict_by_groups": true,
    "restrict_by_integrations": true
    },
    {
    "admin_unit_id": "AUDJ753KH6Z252X1B2B4",
    "description": "Acme Corp United States",
    "name": "Acme USA",
    "restrict_by_groups": true,
    "restrict_by_integrations": true
  }]
}

    Retrieve Administrative Unit Details

    Returns details for a single administrative unit with admin_unit_id. Requires "Grant administrators - Read" or "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/administrative_units/[admin_unit_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    404 No administrative unit was found with the given admin_unit_id.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    admin_unit_id The administrative unit's unique ID.
    admins The administrators assigned to the new administrative unit, listed by admin_id.
    description The administrative unit's description.
    groups The groups assigned to the new administrative unit, listed by group_id.
    integrations The integrations assigned to the new administrative unit, listed by integration_key.
    name The administrative unit's name.
    restrict_by_groups Does the administrative unit specify groups? Either true or false.
    restrict_by_integrations Does the administrative unit specify integrations? Either true or false.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [{
    "admin_unit_id": "AUTU3AA76HG76K9GPFJ2",
    "admins": [
      "DEA76HG76K45TQHBMFI4"
    ],
    "description": "Acme Networking and VPN Admins",
    "groups": [],
    "integrations": [
      "DIBA76HEQMHRWA76KSSH"
    ],
    "name": "Acme Net Admins",
    "restrict_by_groups": false,
    "restrict_by_integrations": true
  }
}

    Add Administrative Unit

    Add a new administrative unit with specified administrators, groups, or other parameters. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/administrative_units

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    name Required

    The name of the new administrative unit. Must be unique amongst all administrative units.
    description Required

    A description of the new administrative unit.
    restrict_by_groups Required

    Does the new administrative unit specify groups? Default: false.
    restrict_by_integrations Optional

    Does the new administrative unit specify integrations? Default: false.
    admins Optional

    One or more admin_id values to assign administrators to the new administrative unit. The administrator user must have restricted_by_admin_units set to true before attempting to assign them to an administrative unit via the API.
    groups Optional

    One or more group_id values to assign groups to the new administrative unit.
    integrations Optional

    One or more integration_key values to assign integrations to the new administrative unit.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The administrative unit was created. The newly created unit is also returned.
    400 Invalid or missing parameter(s), or administrative unit already exists with the given name.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Administrative Unit Details.

    Modify Administrative Unit

    Change the name, description, assigned administrators, groups, and/or integrations of the administrative unit with admin_unit_id. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/administrative_units/[admin_unit_id]

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    name Optional The new name of the administrative unit. Must be unique amongst all administrative units.
    description Optional An updated description of the administrative unit.
    restrict_by_groups Optional Change whether the administrative unit specifies groups. Default: false.
    restrict_by_integrations Optional Change whether the administrative unit specifies integrations. Default: false.
    admins Optional

    One or more admin_id values to assign additional administrators to the administrative unit. The administrator user must have restricted_by_admin_units set to true before attempting to assign them to an administrative unit via the API.
    groups Optional One or more group_id values to assign additional groups to the administrative unit.
    integrations Optional One or more integration_key values to assign additional integrations to the administrative unit.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The administrative unit was modified. Also returns unit details.
    400 Invalid parameter(s), or an administrative unit with the specified admin_unit_id does not exist.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Administrative Unit Details.

    Add Administrator to Administrative Unit

    Assign the administrator with admin_id to the administrative unit with admin_unit_id. The administrator user must have restricted_by_admin_units set to true before attempting to assign them to an administrative unit via the API. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/administrative_units/[admin_unit_id]/admin/[admin_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The administrative unit was modified. Also returns unit details.
    400 Invalid admin_unit_id or admin_id, or the restricted_by_admin_units value is false for that administrator.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Administrative Unit Details.

    Remove Administrator from Administrative Unit

    Unassign the administrator with admin_id from the administrative unit with admin_unit_id. The administrator user will still have restricted_by_admin_units set to true, and if the admin is not assigned to any other admin unit they will not be able to view any users or integrations. Be sure to change the value of restricted_by_admin_units to false to permit that admin to view all users and integrations. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/administrative_units/[admin_unit_id]/admin/[admin_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The administrative unit was modified. Also returns unit details.
    400 Invalid admin_unit_id or admin_id.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Administrative Unit Details.

    Add Group to Administrative Unit

    Assign the group with group_id to the administrative unit with admin_unit_id. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/administrative_units/[admin_unit_id]/group/[group_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The administrative unit was modified. Also returns unit details.
    400 Invalid admin_unit_id or group_id.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Administrative Unit Details.

    Remove Group from Administrative Unit

    Unassign the group with group_id from the administrative unit with admin_unit_id. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/administrative_units/[admin_unit_id]/group/[group_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The administrative unit was modified. Also returns unit details.
    400 Invalid admin_unit_id or group_id.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Administrative Unit Details.

    Add Integration to Administrative Unit

    Assign the integration with integration_key to the administrative unit with admin_unit_id. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/administrative_units/[admin_unit_id]/integration/[integration_key]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The administrative unit was modified. Also returns unit details.
    400 Invalid admin_unit_id or integration_key.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Administrative Unit Details.

    Remove Integration from Administrative Unit

    Unassign the integration with integration_key from the administrative unit with admin_unit_id. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/administrative_units/[admin_unit_id]/integration/[integration_key]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The administrative unit was modified. Also returns unit details.
    400 Invalid admin_unit_id or integration_key.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Administrative Unit Details.

    Delete Administrative Unit

    Delete the administrative unit with admin_unit_id from the system. Requires "Grant administrators - Write" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/administrative_units/[admin_unit_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The administrative unit was deleted or did not exist.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": ""
}

    Logs

    Authentication Logs

    Returns a paged list of authentication log events ranging from the last 180 days up to as recently as two minutes before the API request. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the next_offset paging parameter as long as the result metadata has next_offset values. Requires "Grant read log" API permission.

    There is an intentional two minute delay in availability of new authentications in the API response. Duo operates a large scale distributed system, and this two minute buffer period ensures that calls will return consistent results. Querying for results more recent than two minutes will return as empty.

    We recommend requesting logs no more than once per minute.

    The v2 handler provides new filtering and querying capabilities unavailable in the legacy v1 handler. This includes the ability to filter on users, groups, applications, authentication results, factors, and time ranges.

    GET or POST /admin/v2/logs/authentication

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Allow Multiple? Description
    limit Optional No

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 1000
    next_offset Optional Yes

    The offset at which to start record retrieval. This value is provided in the metadata in the form of a 13 character date string in milliseconds and the event txid. Both of these values must be provided when used, separated by a comma.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: None

    Example: next_offset=1547486297000,5bea1c1e-612c-4f1d-b310-75fd31385b15
    sort Optional No

    The order in which to return records. One of:

    Value Description
    ts:asc Return logs in chronological order.
    ts:desc Return logs in reverse chronological order.
    Parameter Required? Allow Multiple? Description
    mintime Required No

    Return records that have a 13 character Unix timestamp in milliseconds of mintime or later. This value must be strictly less than maxtime.

    Example: 1661022959934
    maxtime Required No

    Return records that have a 13 character Unix timestamp in milliseconds of maxtime or earlier. This value must be strictly greater than mintime.

    Example: 1661022969934
    applications Optional Yes. Multiple values create an OR query.

    An integration's integration_key or the key value for an application returned in the authentication log output.

    Default: Return logs for all applications.
    users Optional Yes. Multiple values create an OR query.

    A user's user_id or the key value for a user returned in the authentication log output.

    Default: Return logs for all users.
    assessment Optional Yes. Multiple values create an OR query.

    The risk-based authentication assessment based on risk-based factor selection (RBFS) and risk-based remembered device (RBRD) policy enforcement.

    This information is available to Duo Premier and Duo Advantage plan customers.

    One of:

    Value Description
    factors restricted (Deprecated) Return events where the authentication was stepped up due to low RBFS trust.
    New device session Return events where an RBRD session was just created.
    New session required Return events where an RBRD session was detected, but the session cookie was tampered.
    No detections Return events where the authentication had normal RBFS trust with a not enabled RBRD policy.
    No enforcement Return events where risk was detected but step-up was suppressed due to earlier activity justifying it as low risk.
    normal (Deprecated) Return events where the authentication was not stepped up and a RBRD policy was not applied.
    policy not applied (Deprecated) Return events where the authentication did not have a RBFS or RBRD policy applied.
    re-auth required (Deprecated) Return events where re-authentication was required due to low RBRD trust and was not affected by an RBFS policy.
    remembered device (Deprecated) Return events where the authentication had normal RBRD trust and was not affected by an RBFS policy.
    Risk-based policy not enabled Return events where RBFS was not enabled, but low trust was detected.
    Session verified Return events where a valid RBRD session was detected.
    Step-up cleared Return events where the authentication was stepped-up due to earlier activity, but cleared by a more secure factor.
    Step-up initiated Return events where the authentication caused subsequent authentications to be stepped-up due to low RBFS trust.
    Step-up initiated & cleared Return events where the authentication was stepped-up due to low RBFS trust, but instantly cleared by a more secure factor.
    User stepped up Return events where the authentication was stepped up due to earlier activity.

    Default: Return logs for all assessments.
    detections Optional Yes. Multiple values create an OR query.

    The risk-based authentication detections found during or after an authentication attempt.

    This information is available to Duo Premier and Duo Advantage plan customers.

    One of: "consecutive failures", "country code mismatch", "credential stuffing", "device distance", "expired cookie", "manual removal by the user", "novel asn", "novel ip and wifi fingerprint", "policy change", "previously marked fraud", "push harassment", "service outage detected", "session not found", "tampered cookie", or "unrealistic travel".

    Default: Return logs for all detections.
    event_types Optional Yes. Multiple values create an OR query.

    The type of authentication event. One of:

    Value Description
    authentication Return events for authentication attempts.
    enrollment Return events related to a user completing Duo's inline enrollment.
    factors Optional Yes. Multiple values create an OR query.

    The factor or method used for an authentication attempt. One of:

    Value Description
    bypass_code Return events where the authentication factor was a bypass code.
    Desktop Authenticator Return events where the authentication factor was a desktop authenticator.
    digipass_go_7_token Return events where the authentication factor was a Digipass GO 7 token purchased from Duo.
    duo_mobile_passcode Return events where the authentication factor was a HOTP or TOTP passcode generated by Duo Mobile.
    duo_mobile_passcode_hotp Return events where the authentication factor was a HOTP passcode generated by Duo Mobile.
    duo_mobile_passcode_totp Return events where the authentication factor was a TOTP passcode generated by Duo Mobile.
    duo_push Return events where the authentication factor was "Duo Push".
    hardware_token Return events where the authentication factor was a hardware token passcode.
    not_available Return events where the authentication factor is not available.
    passcode Return events where the authentication factor was a passcode not identified as another known type.
    phone_call Return events where the authentication factor was a phone call.
    Platform authenticator (2fa) Return events where the authentication factor was a platform authenticator.
    remembered_device Return events where the authentication factor was the remembered device token from a previous authentication success.
    Roaming authenticator (2fa) Return events where the authentication factor was a roaming authenticator.
    sms_passcode Return events where the authentication factor was an SMS passcode.
    sms_refresh Return events where the user requested a refresh batch of SMS passcodes.
    trusted_mobile_authenticator Return events where the effective authentication factor Duo Mobile Inline Auth on an Android or iOS device.
    trusted_network Return events where the effective authentication factor was an authorized network.
    u2f_token Return events where the authentication factor was a U2F token.
    verified_duo_push Return events where the authentication factor was "Verified Duo Push".
    WebAuthn Chrome Touch ID Return events where the authentication factor was Apple Touch ID with the Chrome browser. This property will be deprecated in a future release and be replaced with Platform authenticator (2fa).
    WebAuthn Credential Return events where the authentication factor was a WebAuthn authenticator other than a security key or Touch ID.
    WebAuthn Security Key Return events where the authentication factor was a FIDO2 security key. This property will be deprecated in a future release and be replaced with Roaming authenticator (2fa).
    yubikey_code Return events where the authentication factor was a Yubikey OTP token passcode.
    formatter Optional No

    This parameter is currently in Public Preview.

    Specifies the log format. If omitted, logs are returned in the default format. One of:

    Value Description
    0 Returns logs in the default structure shown in this documentation.
    1

    Returns logs in Open Cybersecurity Schema Framework (OCSF) Authentication class format (v1.2). To learn more about OCSF, please refer to the official OCSF documentation

    .
    groups Optional Yes. Multiple values create an OR query.

    A group's group_id or the key value for a group returned in the authentication log output.

    Default: Return logs for all groups.
    phone_numbers Optional Yes. Multiple values create an OR query.

    A phone's number as returned in the authentication log output. If the phone has been given a text name then both are returned in the format name (number).

    Default: Return logs for all phone numbers used.
    reasons Optional Yes. Multiple values create an OR query.

    The reason associated with an authentication attempt. One of:

    Value Description
    user_marked_fraud Return events where authentication was denied because the end user explicitly marked "fraudulent".
    deny_unenrolled_user Return events where authentication was denied because of the following policy: "deny not enrolled users".
    error Return events where authentication was denied because of an error.
    locked_out Return events generated by users that are locked out.
    user_disabled Return events where authentication was denied because the user was disabled.
    user_cancelled Return events where authentication was denied because the end user cancelled the request.
    invalid_passcode Return events where authentication was denied because the passcode was invalid.
    no_response Return events where authentication was denied because there was no response from the user.
    no_keys_pressed Return events where authentication was denied because no keys were pressed to accept the auth.
    call_timed_out Return events where authentication was denied because the call was not answered or call authentication timed out for an indeterminate reason.
    location_restricted Return events where authentication was denied because the end user's location was restricted.
    factor_restricted Return events where authentication was denied because the authentication method used was not allowed.
    platform_restricted Return events where authentication was denied because the access platform was not allowed.
    version_restricted Return events where authentication was denied because the software version was not allowed.
    rooted_device Return events where authentication was denied because the approval device was rooted.
    no_screen_lock Return events where authentication was denied because the approval device does not have screen lock enabled.
    touch_id_disabled Return events where authentication was denied because the approval device's biometrics (fingerprint, Face ID or Touch ID) is disabled.
    no_disk_encryption Return events where authentication was denied because the approval device did not have disk encryption enabled.
    anonymous_ip Return events where authentication was denied because the authentication request came from an anonymous IP address.
    out_of_date Return events where authentication was denied because the software was out of date.
    denied_by_policy Return events where authentication was denied because of a policy.
    software_restricted Return events where authentication was denied because of software restriction.
    no_duo_certificate_present Return events where authentication was denied because there was no Duo certificate present.
    user_provided_invalid_certificate Return events where authentication was denied because an invalid management certificate was provided.
    could_not_determine_if_endpoint_was_trusted Return events where authentication was denied because it could not be determined if the endpoint was trusted.
    frequent_attempts Return events where authentication was denied because of frequent attempts.
    invalid_management_certificate_collection_state Return events where authentication was denied because of an invalid management certificate collection state.
    no_referring_hostname_provided Return events where authentication was denied because no referring hostname was provided.
    invalid_referring_hostname_provided Return events where authentication was denied because an invalid referring hostname was provided.
    no_web_referer_match Return events where authentication was denied because an invalid referring hostname did not match an application's hostnames list.
    endpoint_failed_google_verification Return events where authentication was denied because the endpoint failed Google verification.
    endpoint_is_not_trusted Return events where authentication was denied because the endpoint was not trusted.
    invalid_device Return events where authentication was denied because the device was invalid.
    endpoint_is_not_in_management_system Return events where authentication was denied because the endpoint is not in a management system.
    no_activated_duo_mobile_account Return events where authentication was denied because the end user does not have an activated Duo Mobile app account.
    queued_inflight_auth_expired Return events where authentication was denied when more authentications than the number allowed by the lockout threshold are started simultaneously. The authentications past the threshold are queued, and then removed from the queue after enough failures trigger a lockout.
    allow_unenrolled_user Return events where authentication was successful because of the following policy: "allow not enrolled users".
    bypass_user Return events where authentication was successful because a bypass code was used.
    trusted_network Return events where authentication was successful because the end user was on a trusted network.
    remembered_device Return events where authentication was successful because the end user was on a remembered device.
    trusted_location Return events where authentication was successful because the end user was in a trusted location.
    user_approved Return events where authentication was successful because the end user approved the authentication request.
    valid_passcode Return events where authentication was successful because the end user used a valid passcode.
    allowed_by_policy Return events where authentication was successful because of a policy.
    allow_unenrolled_user_on_trusted_network Return events where authentication was successful because the unenrolled user's access device was on an authorized network.
    user_not_in_permitted_group Return events where authentication was denied because the user did not belong to one of the Permitted Groups specified in the application's settings.
    verification_code_correct Return events where authentication was successful because of a Verified Duo Push.
    verification_code_missing Return events where authentication was denied because the user used an old version of Duo Mobile that does not support Verified Duo Push.
    verification_code_incorrect Return events where authentication was denied because the user entered the wrong code when approving a Verified Duo Push.

    Default: Return logs for any result. Filtering on all values is equivalent to the default.

    Note that enrollment events have no associated reason.
    results Optional Yes. Multiple values create an OR query.

    The result of an authentication attempt. One of:

    Value Description
    success Return "successful" authentication events.
    denied Return "denied" authentication events.
    fraud Return "fraudulent" authentication events.

    Default: Return logs for any result. Filtering on all values is equivalent to the default.
    tokens Optional Yes. Multiple values create an OR query.

    A WebAuthn security key's webauthnkey or U2F security key's registration_id as returned in the authentication log output.

    Default: Return logs for security keys used.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters or mintime is after the maxtime.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    access_device

    Browser, plugin, and operating system information for the endpoint used to access the Duo-protected resource. Values present only when the application accessed features Duo's inline browser prompt.

    This information is available to Duo Premier and Duo Advantage plan customers.

    browser The web browser used for access.
    browser_version The browser version.
    epkey The endpoint's unique identifier. Most reliable when reported by Duo Desktop installed on the endpoint.
    flash_version The Flash plugin version used, if present, otherwise "uninstalled".
    hostname The hostname, if present, otherwise null .
    ip The access device's IP address, if present, otherwise null .
    is_encryption_enabled Reports the disk encryption state as detected by Duo Desktop. One of true, false, or "unknown".
    is_firewall_enabled Reports the firewall state as detected by Duo Desktop. One of true, false, or "unknown".
    is_password_set Reports the system password state as detected by Duo Desktop. One of true, false, or "unknown".
    java_version The Java plugin version used, if present, otherwise "uninstalled".
    location

    The GeoIP location of the access device, if available. The response may not include all location parameters.

    city The city name.
    country The country name. Refer to ISO 3166 for a list of possible countries.
    state The state, county, province, or prefecture.
    os The device operating system name.
    os_version The device operating system version.
    security_agents Reports the security agents present on the endpoint as detected by Duo Desktop.
    adaptive_trust_assessments

    Risk-based authentication information. Values present only when the application accessed features Duo's inline browser prompt.

    This information is available to Duo Premier and Duo Advantage plan customers.

    Type of adaptive trust assessment. One of:

    more_secure_auth: Trust assessment information for Risk-Based Factor Selection.

    remember_me: Trust assessment information for Risk-Based Remembered Devices.

    detected_attack_detectors

    List of the risk-based authentication detections found during or after an authentication attempt. Only returned for more_secure_auth.
    features_version

    The feature version for the risk-based authentication trust assessment.
    model_version

    The model version for the risk-based authentication trust assessment.
    policy_enabled

    Denotes if risk-based authentication was enabled by the policy under which the trust assessment was evaluated. One of: true, false, or false (reserved for historical authentication logs that do not have the policy_enabled field populated).
    reason

    The reason behind the trust assessment level.
    trust_level

    The trust assessment level. One of: ERROR, LOW, NORMAL, UNKNOWN, or UNSET.
    alias The username alias used to log in. No value if the user logged in with their username instead of a username alias.
    application

    Information about the application accessed.

    key The application's integration_key.
    name The application's name.
    auth_device

    Information about the device used to approve or deny authentication.

    ip The IP address of the authentication device.
    key The Duo identifier of the authentication device (the phone_id value for a phone, the webauthnkey value for a security key, etc.).
    location

    The GeoIP location of the authentication device, if available. The response may not include all location parameters.

    city The city name.
    country The country name. Refer to ISO 3166 for a list of possible countries.
    state The state, county, province, or prefecture.
    name The name of the authentication device.
    email The email address of the user, if known to Duo, otherwise none.
    event_type The type of activity logged. one of: "authentication" or "enrollment".
    factor

    The authentication factor. One of: "bypass_code", "Desktop Authenticator", "digipass_go_7_token", "duo_mobile_passcode", "duo_mobile_passcode_hotp", "duo_mobile_passcode_totp", "duo_push", "hardware_token", "not_available", "passcode", "phone_call", "Platform authenticator (2fa)", "remembered_device", "Roaming authenticator (2fa)", "sms_passcode", "sms_refresh", "trusted_mobile_authenticator", "trusted_network" "u2f_token", "verified_duo_push", "WebAuthn Chrome Touch ID", "WebAuthn Credential", "WebAuthn Security Key", or "yubikey_passcode".
    isotimestamp

    ISO8601 timestamp of the event.
    ood_software

    If authentication was denied due to out-of-date software, shows the name of the software, i.e. "Chrome", "Flash", etc.

    No value if authentication was successful or authentication denial was not due to out-of-date software.

    passport_assessment

    Information on whether the authentication supported Duo Passport. Will return for all authentications, even if Duo Passport is not enabled. Authentication logs before August 2024 will not return this field.

    is_supported If true, the authentication supported Duo Passport. If false, the authentication did not support Duo Passport.
    reason Returns supported if is_supported is true. Otherwise, returns a reason on why Duo Passport could not be used for that authentication.
    reason

    Provide the reason for the authentication attempt result.

    If result is "SUCCESS" then one of: "allow_unenrolled_user", "allowed_by_policy", "allow_unenrolled_user_on_trusted_network", "bypass_user", "remembered_device", "trusted_location", "trusted_network", "user_approved", "valid_passcode".

    If result is "FAILURE" then one of: "anonymous_ip", "could_not_determine_if_endpoint_was_trusted", "denied_by_policy", "denied_network", "deny_unenrolled_user", "endpoint_is_not_in_management_system", "endpoint_failed_google_verification", "endpoint_is_not_trusted", "factor_restricted", "frequent_attempts", "invalid_management_certificate_collection_state", "invalid_device", "invalid_passcode", "invalid_referring_hostname_provided", "location_restricted", "locked_out", "no_activated_duo_mobile_account", "no_disk_encryption", "no_duo_certificate_present", "touchid_disabled", "no_referring_hostname_provided", "no_response", "no_screen_lock", "no_web_referer_match", "out_of_date", "platform_restricted", "rooted_device", "software_restricted", "user_cancelled", "user_disabled", "user_mistake", "user_not_in_permitted_group", "user_provided_invalid_certificate", or "version_restricted".

    If result is "ERROR" then: "error".

    If result is "FRAUD" then: "user_marked_fraud".

    Note that enrollment events have no associated reason.
    result The result of the authentication attempt. One of: "success", "denied", "failure", "error", or "fraud".
    timestamp An integer indicating the Unix timestamp of the event.
    txid The transaction ID of the event.
    user

    Information about the authenticating user.

    groups Duo group membership information for the user.
    key The user's user_id.
    name The user's username.

    Example Response

    200 OK
{
    "stat": "OK",
    "response": {
        "authlogs": [
            {
                "access_device": {
                    "browser": "Chrome",
                    "browser_version": "67.0.3396.99",
                    "epkey": "EP18JX1A10AB102M2T2X",
                    "flash_version": "uninstalled",
                    "hostname": null,
                    "ip": "169.232.89.219",
                    "is_encryption_enabled": true,
                    "is_firewall_enabled": true,
                    "is_password_set": true,
                    "java_version": "uninstalled",
                    "location": {
                        "city": "Ann Arbor",
                        "country": "United States",
                        "state": "Michigan"
                    },
                    "os": "Mac OS X",
                    "os_version": "10.14.1",
                    "security_agents": []
                },
                "adaptive_trust_assessments": {
                    "more_secure_auth": {
                        "detected_attack_detectors": [
                            "USER_MARKED_FRAUD"
                        ],
                        "features_version": "3.0",
                        "model_version": "2022.07.19.001",
                        "policy_enabled": true,
                        "reason": "Low level of trust; detection of one or more known attack patterns",
                        "trust_level": "LOW"
                    },
                    "remember_me": {
                        "features_version": "3.0",
                        "model_version": "2022.07.19.001",
                        "policy_enabled": false,
                        "reason": "Known Access IP",
                        "trust_level": "NORMAL"
                    }
                },
                "alias": "",
                "application": {
                    "key": "DIY231J8BR23QK4UKBY8",
                    "name": "Microsoft Azure Active Directory"
                },
                "auth_device": {
                    "ip": "192.168.225.254",
                    "key": "DP5BJ05HI4WRBVI4Q7JF",
                    "location": {
                        "city": "Ann Arbor",
                        "country": "United States",
                        "state": "Michigan"
                    },
                    "name": "My iPhone X (734-555-2342)"
                },
                "email": "narroway@example.com",
                "event_type": "authentication",
                "factor": "duo_push",
                "isotimestamp": "2020-02-13T18:56:20.351346+00:00",
                "ood_software": null,
                "passport_assessment": {
                    "is_supported": false,
                    "reason": "absent_health_report"
                },
                "reason": "user_approved",
                "result": "success",
                "timestamp": 1581620180,
                "trusted_endpoint_status": "not trusted",
                "txid": "340a23e3-23f3-23c1-87dc-1491a23dfdbb",
                "user": {
                    "groups": [
                        "Duo Users",
                        "CorpHQ Users"
                    ],
                    "key": "DU3KC77WJ06Y5HIV7XKQ",
                    "name": "narroway@example.com"
                }
            },
         ],
        "metadata": {
            "next_offset": [
                "1532951895000",
                "af0ba235-0b33-23c8-bc23-a31aa0231de8"
            ],
            "total_objects": 1
        }
    },
}

    Authentication Logs (Legacy v1)

    The v2 authentication logs endpoint provides new filtering and querying capabilities unavailable in the legacy v1 handler, like the ability to filter on users, groups, applications, authentication results, factors, and time ranges. Consider migrating to the new handler.

    Returns a list of authentication log events ranging from the last 180 days up to as recently as two minutes before the API request. There is an intentional two minute delay in availability of new authentications in the API response. Duo operates a large scale distributed system, and this two minute buffer period ensures that calls will return consistent results. Querying for results more recent than two minutes will return as empty. Requires "Grant read log" API permission.

    The 1000 earliest events will be returned; you may need to call this multiple times with mintime to page through the entire log. Note that more or fewer than 1000 events may be returned depending on how many actual events exist for the specified mintime.

    We recommend requesting logs no more than once per minute.

    GET /admin/v1/logs/authentication

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    mintime Optional

    Only return records that have a Unix timestamp in seconds of mintime or later. Use mintime+1 to avoid receiving duplicate data.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    access_device

    Browser, plugin, and operating system information for the endpoint used to access the Duo-protected resource. Values present only when the application accessed features Duo's inline browser prompt.

    This information is available to Duo Premier and Duo Advantage plan customers.

    browser The web browser used for access.
    browser_version The browser version.
    flash_version The Flash plugin version used, if present, otherwise "uninstalled".
    java_version The Java plugin version used, if present, otherwise "uninstalled".
    os The device operating system name.
    os_version The device operating system version.
    trusted_endpoint_status

    Shows whether the endpoint is a Duo managed endpoint. One of "trusted", "not trusted", "unknown", or "error". Returned for Duo Premier customers only.
    alias The username alias used to log in. No value if the user logged in with their username instead of a username alias.
    device Device used to authenticate, if present, otherwise none.
    email The email address of the user, if known to Duo, otherwise none.
    factor

    The authentication factor. One of: "Bypass Code", "Digipass GO 7 Token", "Duo Desktop", "Duo Mobile Inline Auth", "Duo Mobile Passcode", "Duo Mobile Passcode (HOTP)", "Duo Mobile Passcode (TOTP)", "Duo Push", "Passcode", "Phone Call", "Hardware Token", "Remembered Device", "Security Key (WebAuthn)", "SMS Passcode", "SMS Refresh", "Touch ID (WebAuthn)", "Trusted Network", "U2F Token", or "Yubikey Passcode".
    integration The integration name.
    ip The IP address that this request originated from.
    isotimestamp

    ISO8601 timestamp of the event.
    location The GeoIP location from which the user authenticated, if available. The response may not include all location parameters.
    city The city name.
    state The state, county, province, or prefecture.
    country The country code. Refer to ISO 3166 for a list of possible countries.
    new_enrollment true if the user enrolled a new device at the authentication prompt; false if authenticated with a previously enrolled device.
    ood_software

    If authentication was denied due to out-of-date software, shows the name of the software, i.e. "Chrome", "Flash", etc.

    No value if authentication was successful or authentication denial was not due to out-of-date software.

    reason

    Provide the reason for the authentication attempt result.

    If result is "SUCCESS" then one of: "Allow unenrolled user", "Allowed by policy", "Bypass user", "Remembered device", "Trusted location", "Trusted network", "User approved", "Valid passcode".

    If result is "FAILURE" then one of: "Anonymous IP", "Call timed out", "Couldn't determine if endpoint was trusted", "Denied by policy", "Deny unenrolled user", "Duo Mobile version restricted", "Endpoint is not in Management System", "Factor restricted", "Frequent attempts", "Invalid device", "Invalid passcode", "Location restricted", "Locked out", "No Duo certificate present", "No response", "No disk encryption", "No fingerprint", "No screen lock", "Out of date", "Platform restricted", "Rooted device", "Software Restricted", "User cancelled", "User is disabled", "User mistake", or "User provided an invalid certificate".

    If result is "ERROR" then: "Error".

    If result is "FRAUD" then: "User marked fraud".

    Note that enrollment events have no associated reason.
    result The result of the authentication attempt. One of: "success", "denied", "failure", "error", or "fraud".
    timestamp An integer indicating the Unix timestamp of the event.
    username The authenticating user's username.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [{
      "access_device": {
           "browser": "Chrome",
           "browser_version": "56.0.2924.87",
           "flash_version": "25.0.0.0",
           "java_version": "1.8.0.92",
           "os": "Mac OS X",
           "os_version": "10.11"
           "trusted_endpoint_status": "trusted"
      },
      "alias": "john.smith",
      "device": "503-555-1000",
      "email": "jsmith@example.com",
      "factor": "Duo Push",
      "integration": "Acme Intranet",
      "ip": "192.168.0.1",
      "isotimestamp": "2020-02-13T18:56:20.351346+00:00",
      "location": {
           'city': 'Ann Arbor',
           'state': 'Michigan',
           'country': 'US'
      },
      "new_enrollment": false,
      "ood_software": "",
      "reason": "User approved",
      "result": "SUCCESS",
      "timestamp": 1581620180,
      "username": "jsmith",

  }]
}

    Activity Logs

    This API endpoint is currently in Public Preview.

    Returns a paged list of activity log events ranging from the last 180 days up to as recently as two minutes before the API request. The events returned are subject to log retention, if set up in the account, as described here. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the next_offset paging parameter as long as the result metadata has next_offset values. Requires "Grant read log" API permission.

    There is an intentional two-minute delay in the availability of new activity events in the API response. Duo operates a large-scale distributed system, and this two-minute buffer period ensures that calls will return consistent results. Querying for results more recent than two minutes will return as empty.

    We recommend requesting logs no more than once per minute.

    GET /admin/v2/logs/activity

    Parameters

    Query Parameter Required? Allow Multiple? Description
    mintime Required No

    Return records that have a 13 character Unix timestamp in milliseconds of mintime or later. This value must be strictly less than maxtime.

    Example: 1661022959934
    maxtime Required No

    Return records that have a 13 character Unix timestamp in milliseconds of maxtime or earlier. This value must be strictly greater than mintime.

    Maximum: 180 days

    Example: 1661022969934
    limit Optional No

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 1000
    next_offset Optional Yes

    The offset at which to start record retrieval. This value is provided in the metadata in the form of a 13 character date string in milliseconds and the event txid. Both of these values must be provided when used, separated by a comma.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: None

    Example: next_offset=1547486297000,5bea1c1e-612c-4f1d-b310-75fd31385b15
    sort Optional No

    The order in which to return records. One of:

    Value Description
    ts:asc Return logs in chronological order.
    ts:desc Return logs in reverse chronological order.

    Default: ts:desc

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters or mintime is after the maxtime.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    items List of activity logs. Information included:
    access_device Information about the device used to perform the activity, to the extent that we can capture it. All fields are optional as non-external actors will not have any information to record here.
    browser The web browser used for access.
    browser_version The web browser version.
    epkey The device's unique identifier or epkey.
    ip IP information of the access device.
    address IP address of access device.
    location The location details of the device, if available.
    city The city name.
    country The country code. Refer to ISO 3166 for a list of possible countries.
    state The state, county, province, or prefecture.
    os The device operating system name.
    os_version The device operating system version.
    action Information about the action performed.
    details Provides additional information about the action. Details is optional.
    name The name is a string representing the action the actor performed. If a target is present, the action was performed on that target. One of:
    Action Description
    admin_activate_duo_push An administrator or user activates a 2FA device for Duo Push.
    admin_factor_restrictions An administrator updated factor restrictions.
    admin_login Administrator logged in.
    admin_reactivates_duo_push Administrator reactivates an admin or user 2FA device for Duo Push.
    admin_reset_password Administrator changed their own password.
    admin_send_reset_password_email Password reset email sent to administrator.
    azure_directory_create Entra ID (Azure) directory created.
    azure_directory_delete Entra ID (Azure) directory deleted.
    azure_directory_update Entra ID (Azure) directory updated.
    azure_sync_begin Entra ID (Azure) sync began.
    azure_sync_fail Entra ID (Azure) sync failed.
    azure_sync_finish Entra ID (Azure) sync finished.
    bypass_create An administrator created one or more bypass codes.
    bypass_delete An administrator deleted a bypass code.
    bypass_view An administrator viewed a bypass code.
    cloudsso_add_authproxy Added an Authentication Proxy for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_add_bridge_attribute Added bridge attribute for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_add_email_domain Added Single Sign-On Email Domain.
    cloudsso_add_ldap_authsource Added Active Directory authentication source for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_add_ldap_authsource_and_accept_tcs Added Active Directory authentication source for Single Sign-On and accepted terms & conditions.
    cloudsso_add_saml_authsource Added SAML authentication source for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_create_launcher Created Duo Central.
    cloudsso_create_routing_rule Create routing rule for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_create_tiles Added Duo Central tiles.
    cloudsso_delete_authproxy Deleted Authentication Proxy for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_delete_bridge_attribute Deleted bridge attribute for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_delete_email_domain Deleted Single Sign-On Email Domain.
    cloudsso_delete_ldap_authsource Deleted Active Directory authentication source for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_delete_routing_rule Delete routing rule for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_delete_saml_authsource Deleted SAML authentication source for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_delete_tile Deleted Duo Central tile.
    cloudsso_disable_authsource Disabled authentication source for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_enable_authsource Enabled authentication source for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_enable_single_sign_on Enabled Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_modify_tile Modified Duo Central tile.
    cloudsso_oauth_cc_get_client_secret Viewed OAuth 2.0 client credentials client secret.
    cloudsso_oauth_cc_reset_client_secret Reset OAuth 2.0 client credentials client secret.
    cloudsso_oidc_get_client_secret Viewed OIDC relying party client secret.
    cloudsso_oidc_reset_client_secret Reset OIDC relying party client secret.
    cloudsso_update_bridge_attribute Updated bridge attribute for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_update_launcher Updated Duo Central.
    cloudsso_update_ldap_authsource Updated Single Sign-On Active Directory configuration.
    cloudsso_update_oauth_client_credentials Updated a generic OAuth 2.0 SSO integration.
    cloudsso_update_relying_party Updated a generic OIDC SSO integration.
    cloudsso_update_routing_rule Update routing rule for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_update_saml_authsource Updated SAML authentication source for Single Sign-On.
    cloudsso_verify_email_domain Verified Single Sign-On Email Domain.
    deregister_devices De-registering devices, including all associated users, that are registered with Duo Desktop.
    device_change_enrollment_summary_notification_answered Device activity enrollment summary notification answered by user.

    device_change_enrollment_summary_

    notification_answered_notify_admin

    		 Device activity enrollment summary notification answered by user and email sent to admin.
    device_change_enrollment_summary_notification_send Device activity enrollment summary notification sent.
    device_change_notification_answered Device activity notification answered by user.
    device_change_notification_answered_notify_admin Device activity notification answered by user and email sent to admin.
    device_change_notification_create Device activity notification created.
    device_change_notification_send Device activity notification sent.
    group_create An administrator created a group.
    group_delete An administrator deleted a group.
    group_update An administrator updated a group.
    hardtoken_create Created a hardware token.
    hardtoken_delete Deleted a hardware token.
    hardtoken_resync Resynchronized a hardware token.
    hardtoken_update Modified a hardware token.
    integration_create An administrator created an application.
    integration_delete An administrator deleted an application.
    integration_group_policy_add An administrator group policy was added to the application.
    integration_group_policy_remove An administrator group policy was removed from the application.
    integration_policy_assign An administrator assigned a policy to an application.
    integration_policy_unassign An administrator unassigned a policy from an application.
    integration_skey_bulk_view Secret keys, presented in plain text.
    integration_skey_view Application's secret key was copied in plain text in the Admin Panel or viewed via the Admin API in plain text.
    integration_update An administrator updated an application.
    log_export_start Log export started.
    log_export_complete Log export completed.
    log_export_failure Log export failed.
    management_system_activate_device_cache Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache activated.
    management_system_active_device_cache_add_devices Devices added to an active Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache.
    management_system_active_device_cache_delete_devices Devices deleted from an active Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache.
    management_system_active_device_cache_edit_devices Devices edited in an active Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache.
    management_system_add_devices Devices added to a Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache.
    management_system_create Duo Trusted Endpoints integration created.
    management_system_delete Duo Trusted Endpoints integration deleted.
    management_system_delete_devices Devices deleted from a Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache.
    management_system_device_cache_add_devices Devices added to a Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache.
    management_system_device_cache_create Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache created.
    management_system_device_cache_delete Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache deleted.
    management_system_device_cache_delete_devices Devices deleted from Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache.
    management_system_download_device_api_script Duo Device API script downloaded.
    management_system_pkcs12_enrollment Duo Trusted Endpoints certificate enrolled.
    management_system_sync_failure Duo Trusted Endpoints integration sync failed.
    management_system_sync_success Duo Trusted Endpoints integration sync succeeded.
    management_system_update Duo Trusted Endpoints integration updated.
    management_system_view_password Duo Trusted Endpoints integration password viewed.
    management_system_view_token Duo Trusted Endpoints integration token viewed.
    phone_activation_code_regenerated An activation code has been generated for a phone.
    phone_associate Existing phone has been added to a user.
    phone_create Added phone.
    phone_delete A phone with no users associated with it has been deleted.
    phone_disassociate An existing phone has been removed from a user, but still has other users attached.
    phone_new_sms_passcode SMS code has been generated and sent to a user.
    phone_update Modified phone.
    policy_create Created a policy.
    policy_delete Deleted a policy.
    policy_update Modified a policy.
    u2ftoken_create Created U2F token.
    u2ftoken_delete Deleted U2F token.
    user_adminapi_lockout User was locked out from Admin API.
    user_create User created.
    user_delete User deleted.
    user_import User imported.
    user_lockout_cleared User had their locked out status cleared.
    user_not_enrolled_lockout User was unenrolled beyond the number of days specified in the "Unenrolled users" setting.
    user_pending_delete Deleted user pending.
    user_restore Deleted user restored.
    user_update Existing user details updated.
    webauthncredential_create Created WebAuthn authenticator and associated it with the user.
    webauthncredential_delete Deleted WebAuthn authenticator.
    webauthncredential_rename Renamed WebAuthn authenticator.
    activity_id Transaction ID of the event.
    actor The actor represents the entity performing the action.
    details If actor type is user or admin, following fields would be populated:
    created Timestamp when actor was created.
    group The group membership of the actor, if actor type is user.
    key The group's integration key.
    name The group's name.
    last_login Timestamp of last login.
    status Status of actor. One of: Active, Bypass, Disabled, or Locked Out.
    key Identifier of the actor.
    name Name of the actor.
    type Type of actor. One of: admin, adminapi, admin_sync, azure_sync, deviceapi, ldapsync, system, or user.
    akey Unique identifier of entity associated with the activity log.
    application The integration used to perform the activity.
    key The application's integration key.
    name The application's name.
    type The application's type.
    old_target The target represents the entity on which the action was performed, before the action was performed. The old_target is optional, as not all activity may represent a change to another entity.
    details Key-value pair of properties about the target. The properties for a given target may vary by target type, but should be consistent for the same type.
    key Key of the target that corresponds to the target type.
    name Name of the target.
    type The target type. One of: admin, adminap_integrations, authproxy, computer_registration, device_registration, enroll_code, group, log_export, login_settings, hardtoken, integration, phone, policy, trusted_endpoints_integration, u2f_token, user, user_bypass, or webauthn_credentials.
    outcome Result of the ADMIN_ACTION_ADMIN_LOGIN action. By default, the outcome field is "SUCCESS". On failure, the outcome field is "FAILURE".
    target The target represents the entity on which the action was performed. The target is optional, as not all activity may represent a change to another entity.
    details Key-value pair of properties about the target. The properties for a given target may vary by target type, but should be consistent for the same type.
    key Key of the target that corresponds to the target type.
    name Name of the target.
    type The target type. One of: admin, adminap_integrations, authproxy, computer_registration, device_registration, enroll_code, group, log_export, login_settings, hardtoken, integration, phone, policy, trusted_endpoints_integration, u2f_token, user, user_bypass, or webauthn_credentials.
    ts The time at which the activity took place, to the best of our ability to record it. This may not always be the exact time the event took place, but should be extremely close.

    Example Response

    {
  "response": {
        "items": [
            {
                "access_device": {
                    "browser": "Chrome",
                    "browser_version": "111.0.0.0",
                    "epkey": "EP123456789012345678",
                    "ip": {
                        "address": "172.34.40.116"
                    },
                    "location": {
                        "city": "Ann Arbor",
                        "country": "United States",
                        "state": "Michigan"
                    },
                    "os": "Mac OS X",
                    "os_version": "10.15.7"
                },
                "action": {
                    "details": null,
                    "name": "webauthncredential_create"
                },
                "activity_id": "720b8360-078b-47c4-adc7-7968df1caef0",
                "actor": {
                    "details": "{\"created\": \"2015-09-25T23:17:40.000000+00:00\", \"last_login\": 
                    \"2023-03-21T19:51:09.000000+00:00\", \"status\": \"Active\", \"groups\": [{\"name\": 
                    \"CorpHQ_Users\", \"key\": \"DGAZ172QBWDM26AK8ITK\"}, {\"name\": \"ITAdmins\", \"key\": 
                    \"DGK3B7XTSIP00LKHK1RD\"}, {\"name\": \"yee\", \"key\": \"DGKZWSBCDADEVFGFK5NR\"}]}",
                    "key": "DU64TKJPJ0SHFWKO2LNBC",
                    "name": "sogilby",
                    "type": "user"
                },
                "akey": "DAAR5FO0OZ4VYZA0WOB2",
                "application": {
                    "key": "DILSVDEYH66TBHKIXGR9",
                    "name": "Acme Corp",
                    "type": "websdk"
                },
                "old_target": null,
                "outcome": {
                    "result"; "FAILURE"
                }
                "target": {
                    "details": "{\"authenticator_type\": \"Security key\", \"transport_types\": \"usb\", 
                    \"passwordless_authorized\": false, \"browser\": \"Chrome\", \"browser_version\": 
                    \"111.0.0.0\", \"os\": \"Mac OS X\", \"os_version\": \"10.15.7\", \"user_agent\": 
                    \"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) 
                    Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36\", \"credential_name\": \"Security key\"}",
                    "key": "WAUKH0IMTGP00L90LT4KM",
                    "name": "WAUKH0IMTG3EDD4DT4KM",
                    "type": "webauthn_credential"
                },
                "ts": "2023-03-21T15:51:22.591015+00:00"
            }
        ],
        "metadata": {
            "next_offset": "1666714065304,5bf1a860-fe39-49e3-be29-217659663a74",
            "total_objects": 1
        }
    },
  "stat": "OK",
}

    Administrator Logs

    Returns a list of administrator log events. Only the 1000 earliest events will be returned; you may need to call this multiple times with mintime to page through the entire log. Requires "Grant read log" API permission.

    We recommend requesting logs no more than once per minute.

    GET /admin/v1/logs/administrator

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    mintime Optional Only return records that have a Unix timestamp in seconds after mintime. This can help to avoid fetching records that have already been retrieved.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    action The type of change that was performed. Possible values:
    Type Description
    "accepted_dtm_opt_in" Admin accepted Duo Trust Monitor terms
    "accountsapi_request_ip_denied" Accounts API request blocked due to IP restriction
    "activation_begin" New admin begins setup using activation link
    "activation_complete" New admin completes account setup
    "activation_create_link" New admin activation link created
    "activation_delete_link" Admin activation link deleted
    "activation_send_email" Emailed activation link to admin
    "activation_set_password" New admin sets login password during initial setup
    "ad_connection_config_download" Admin downloaded authproxy.cfg file for an Active Directory sync connection
    "ad_sync_begin" Active Directory Sync started
    "ad_sync_by_user_begin" Active Directory Sync of individual user started
    "ad_sync_by_user_finish" Active Directory Sync of individual user completed
    "ad_sync_config_download" Active Directory Sync configuration download
    "ad_sync_failed" Active Directory Sync failed
    "ad_sync_finish" Active Directory Sync completed
    "admin_2fa_error" Administrator issue completing secondary authentication
    "admin_account_switch" Administrator switched to this account from another Duo account
    "admin_activate_duo_push" Administrator activates an admin's 2FA device for Duo Push
    "admin_activation_create" An admin activation link was created
    "admin_activation_delete" An admin activation link was deleted
    "admin_create" Added administrator
    "admin_delete" Deleted administrator
    "admin_lockout" Administrator locked out after too many failed login attempts
    "admin_login_error" Administrator issue completing primary password or SAML authentication
    "admin_login" Administrator logged in
    "admin_purchase_hardtokens" Administrator purchased hardtokens
    "admin_reactivates_duo_push" Administrator reactivates an admin's 2FA device for Duo Push
    "admin_reset_password" Administrator changed password via emailed reset link
    "admin_restore" Administrator controlled by an admin directory sync is restored from pending deletion
    "admin_scso_enforcement_change" Updated Cisco Security Cloud Sign On (SCSO) enforcement status
    "admin_self_activate" Administrator self-activated through an activation link
    "admin_send_reset_password_email" Password reset email sent to administrator
    "admin_single_sign_on_cert_create" Generated a new certificate for admin SSO
    "admin_single_sign_on_cert_delete" Deleted a certificate for admin SSO
    "admin_single_sign_on_cert_update" Modified a certificate for admin SSO
    "admin_single_sign_on_update" Modified admin SSO configuration
    "admin_sync_create" Created an admin directory sync
    "admin_sync_delete" Deleted an admin directory sync
    "admin_sync_pause" Paused an admin directory sync
    "admin_sync_resume" Resumed an admin directory sync
    "admin_sync_update" Updated an admin directory sync
    "admin_unexpire" Expired administrator's inactivity was cleared
    "admin_update" Modified administrator
    "admin_view_password_reset_url" Viewed the "Forgot Password" URL
    "adminapi_request_ip_denied" Admin API request blocked due to IP restriction
    "administrative_unit_create" Added an administrative unit
    "administrative_unit_delete" Deleted an administrative unit
    "administrative_unit_update" Updated an administrative unit
    "authproxy_hide" An Authentication Proxy was hidden on the Authentication Proxy Dashboard
    "authproxy_show" An Authentication Proxy was unhidden and shown on the Authentication Proxy Dashboard
    "authproxy_update" An Authentication Proxy's name and/or description was updated on the Authentication Proxy Dashboard
    "blacklist_trusted_endpoint" Endpoint added to deny list
    "branding_draft_delete" Deleted draft custom branding
    "branding_draft_update" Updated draft custom branding
    "branding_draft_users_update" Updated test users for draft custom branding
    "branding_update" Updated custom branding
    "bypass_create" Bypass code created for a user
    "bypass_delete" Bypass code deleted
    "bypass_view" Viewed a user's bypass code
    "cloudsso_add_authproxy" Added an Authentication Proxy for Single Sign-On
    "cloudsso_add_bridge_attribute" Added a bridge attribute for Single Sign-On
    "cloudsso_add_email_domain" Added a Single Sign-On email domain
    "cloudsso_add_ldap_authsource" Added Active Directory authentication source for Single Sign-On
    "cloudsso_add_saml_authsource" Added SAML authentication source for Single Sign-On
    "cloudsso_create_launcher" Created Duo Central
    "cloudsso_create_tiles" Added Duo Central tile(s)
    "cloudsso_delete_authproxy" Deleted an Authentication Proxy for Single Sign-On
    "cloudsso_delete_bridge_attribute" Deleted a bridge attribute for Single Sign-On
    "cloudsso_email_domain" Deleted a Single Sign-On email domain
    "cloudsso_delete_ldap_authsource" Deleted Active Directory authentication source for Single Sign-On
    "cloudsso_delete_saml_authsource" Deleted SAML authentication source for Single Sign-On
    "cloudsso_delete_tile" Deleted Duo Central tile
    "cloudsso_disable_authsource" Disabled authentication source for Single Sign-On
    "cloudsso_enable_authsource" Enabled authentication source for Single Sign-On
    "cloudsso_enable_single_sign_on" Enabled Single Sign-On
    "cloudsso_modify_tile" Modified Duo Central tile
    "cloudsso_oauth_cc_get_client_secret" Viewed OAuth 2.0 client credentials client secret
    "cloudsso_oauth_cc_reset_client_secret" Reset OAuth 2.0 client credentials client secret
    "cloudsso_oidc_get_client_secret" Viewed OIDC relying party client secret
    "cloudsso_oidc_reset_client_secret" Reset OIDC relying party client secret
    "cloudsso_update_bridge_attribute" Updated a bridge attribute for Single Sign-On
    "cloudsso_update_launcher" Updated Duo Central
    "cloudsso_update_ldap_authsource" Updated Single Sign-On Active Directory configuration
    "cloudsso_update_oauth_client_credentials" Updated a generic OAuth 2.0 SSO integration
    "cloudsso_update_relying_party" Updated a generic OIDC SSO integration
    "cloudsso_update_saml_authsource" Updated Single Sign-On SAML configuration
    "cloudsso_update_service_provider" Updated "Service Provider" information for an SSO integration
    "cloudsso_verify_email_domain" Verified a Single Sign-On email domain
    "create_child_customer" Created child customer
    "credits_update" Added telephony credits
    "custom_messaging_update" Updated custom help desk message in the global settings
    "customer_update" Modified settings
    "delete_child_customer" Deleted child customer
    "delete_enroll_code" Deleted an enrollment link
    "deregister_devices" Deregistered device(s)
    "deviceapi_request_ip_denied" Device API request blocked due to IP restriction
    "directory_create" Added directory for sync
    "directory_delete" Deleted directory
    "directory_groups_update" Modified directory sync groups
    "directory_sync_pause" Scheduled directory sync paused by administrator or due to expired Entra ID authorization
    "directory_sync_resume" Scheduled directory sync resumed by administrator or after Entra ID reauthorization
    "directory_update" Modified directory sync
    "dtm_modify_user" Modified user from Trust Monitor
    "edition_update" Update edition
    "entra_dir_connection_authorize" Authorized Entra ID directory connection
    "entra_directory_create" Added Entra ID directory
    "entra_directory_delete" Deleted Entra ID directory
    "entra_directory_groups_update" Modified Entra ID directory groups
    "entra_directory_update" Modified Entra ID directory
    "entra_sync_begin" Full Entra ID Sync started
    "entra_sync_by_user_begin" Entra ID Sync started (sync by username)
    "entra_sync_by_user_finish" Entra ID Sync completed (sync by username)
    "entra_sync_finish" Entra ID Sync completed
    "entra_sync_fail" Entra ID Sync failed
    "feature_add" Added feature
    "feature_delete" Deleted feature
    "group_create" Added group
    "group_delete" Deleted group
    "group_update" Updated group
    "hardtoken_create" Created hardware tokens
    "hardtoken_delete" Deleted hardware token
    "hardtoken_resync" Resynchronized hardware token
    "hardtoken_update" Modified hardware token
    "inactive_admin_expiration_change" Changed inactive admins setting
    "integration_create" Added application
    "integration_delete" Deleted application
    "integration_download_saml_verification_public_key" Downloaded public key for SAML verification
    "integration_group_policy_add" Add application group policy
    "integration_group_policy_remove" Remove application group policy
    "integration_group_policy_reorder" Reordered application group policies
    "integration_group_policy_update" Modified application group policy members
    "integration_policy_assign" Assign application policy
    "integration_policy_unassign" Unassign application policy
    "integration_skey_bulk_view" Viewed application's secret key or client ID via Admin API
    "integration_skey_view" Viewed application's secret key or client ID in the Admin Panel
    "integration_sso_saml_metadata_import" Imported SAML metadata for an SSO integration
    "integration_universal_prompt_update" Update integration to use the Universal Prompt from the Universal Prompt Progress report page
    "integration_update" Modified application
    "ldap_connection_skey_reset" Reset secret key for Active Directory or OpenLDAP sync connection
    "ldap_connection_skey_view" View secret key for Active Directory or OpenLDAP sync connection
    "ldap_directory_conn_create" Created an OpenLDAP sync connection
    "ldap_directory_conn_delete" Deleted an OpenLDAP sync connection
    "ldap_directory_conn_modify" Modified an OpenLDAP sync connection
    "management_system_activate_device_cache" Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache activated
    "management_system_add_devices" Devices added to a Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache
    "management_system_create" Duo Trusted Endpoints integration created
    "management_system_delete_device_cache" Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache deleted
    "management_system_delete_devices" Devices deleted from a Duo Trusted Endpoints device cache
    "management_system_delete" Duo Trusted Endpoints integration deleted
    "management_system_download_device_api_script" Duo Device API script downloaded
    "management_system_sync_failure" Duo Trusted Endpoints integration sync failed
    "management_system_sync_success" Duo Trusted Endpoints integration sync succeeded
    "management_system_update" Duo Trusted Endpoints integration updated
    "management_system_view_password" Duo Trusted Endpoints integration password viewed
    "management_system_view_token" Duo Trusted Endpoints integration token viewed
    "migrate_dag_app" Converted Duo Access Gateway application to Duo Single Sign-On
    "oort_accepted_pds" Accepted Cisco Identity Intelligence privacy statement
    "oort_credentials_create" Cisco Identity Intelligence OIDC credentials created
    "oort_credentials_delete" Cisco Identity Intelligence OIDC credentials deleted
    "oort_integration_create" Cisco Identity Intelligence integration created
    "oort_integration_delete" Cisco Identity Intelligence integration deleted
    "oort_integration_update" Cisco Identity Intelligence integration updated
    "oort_tenant_create" Cisco Identity Intelligence tenant created
    "oort_tenant_delete" Cisco Identity Intelligence tenant deleted
    "oort_tenant_update" Cisco Identity Intelligence tenant updated
    "oort_webhook_register" Cisco Identity Intelligence webhook registered
    "openldap_connection_config_download" Admin downloaded authproxy.cfg file for an OpenLDAP sync connection
    "openldap_sync_begin" OpenLDAP Sync started
    "openldap_sync_by_user_begin" OpenLDAP Sync of individual user started
    "openldap_sync_by_user_finish" OpenLDAP Sync of individual user completed
    "openldap_sync_config_download" OpenLDAP Sync configuration download
    "openldap_sync_failed" OpenLDAP Sync failed
    "openldap_sync_finish" OpenLDAP Sync completed
    "phone_associate" Associated phone with user
    "phone_create" Added phone
    "phone_delete" Deleted phone
    "phone_disassociate" Disassociated phone from user
    "phone_update" Modified phone
    "policy_bulk_delete" Bulk deleted policies
    "policy_create" Added a custom policy
    "policy_delete" Deleted a custom policy
    "policy_update" Modified a policy
    "push_verify_approved" Verification push approved
    "push_verify_failed" Verification push failed
    "pwl_initial_activation" Admin accepted Duo Passwordless terms
    "redirect_to_child_account" Redirected to child account
    "regen_mobile" Generated a new Duo Mobile Activation Code
    "regen_sms" Generated new SMS passcodes and sent them to a phone
    "reparenting_request_response" Responded to reparenting request
    "resend_enroll_codes" Resent all enrollment links
    "reset_admin_auth_attempts" Reset an admin's authentication attempt failure count
    "revoke_session" Refresh token session revoked
    "send_enroll_code" Sent an enrollment link
    "ssp_policy_enforcement_disabled" Disabled policy for self-service portal
    "ssp_policy_enforcement_enabled" Enabled policy for self-service portal
    "subscription_update" Modified subscription
    "triage_security_event" Security Event triaged
    "u2ftoken_create" Created U2F token
    "u2ftoken_delete" Deleted U2F token
    "update_admin_factor_restrictions" Modified admin factor restrictions
    "update_customers_vat_info" Updated VAT information
    "update_firmographics" Updated firmographics
    "update_passport_configuration" Updated Passport configuration
    "update_risk_profile"" Updated Risk Profile
    "updated_risk_profile" Admin modified Trust Monitor risk profile
    "user_bulk_activate" Bulk mobile activation sent
    "user_bulk_enroll" Bulk enrollment
    "user_create" Added user
    "user_delete" Deleted user
    "user_import" Imported users
    "user_lockout_cleared" Unlocked user account
    "user_pending_delete" Marked user for deletion
    "user_restore" Restored deleted user
    "user_update" Modified user
    "webauthncredential_create" Created a WebAuthn credential
    "webauthncredential_delete" Deleted a WebAuthn credential
    "webauthncredential_rename" Renamed a WebAuthn credential
    "whitelist_trusted_endpoint" Endpoint removed from deny list
    description

    String detailing what changed, either as free-form text or serialized JSON.

    When the description contains JSON it may be either a serialized object or a serialized array of objects. Each key in the object(s) corresponds to a property that was changed. This JSON is intended only to summarize the change, not to be de-serialized.

    The first example below is for a "user_update" action. The object that changed was a user whose Duo username is "jsmith". The change saved new values for the user's "notes" and "realname" fields, overwriting the previous values if any were set. They correspond to the similarly named fields in the Modify User call in the Admin API and the User Details page in the Duo Admin Panel.

    The second example shows an "admin_login_error" action. The administrator's login attempt failed because the admin attempted to use SSO but, as indicated by the "error" in the description, SAML login is disabled for administrators on that account.
    isotimestamp

    ISO8601 timestamp of the event.
    object The object that was acted on. For example: "jsmith" (for users), "(555) 713-6275 x456" (for phones), or "HOTP 8-digit 123456" (for tokens).
    timestamp An integer indicating the Unix timestamp of the event.
    username The full name of the administrator who performed the action in the Duo Admin Panel. If the action was performed with the API this will be "API". Automatic actions like deletion of inactive users have "System" for the username. Changes synchronized from Directory Sync will have a username of the form (example) "AD Sync: name of directory."

    Example Responses

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [{
      "action": "user_update",
      "description": "{\"notes\": \"Joe asked for their nickname to be displayed instead of Joseph.\", \"realname\": \"Joe Smith\"}",
      "isotimestamp": "2020-01-24T15:09:42+00:00",
      "object": "jsmith",
      "timestamp": 1579878582,
      "username": "admin"
  }]
}
    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [{
      "action": "admin_login_error",
      "description": "{\"ip_address\": \"10.1.23.116\", \"error\": \"SAML login is disabled\", \"email\": \"narroway@example.com\"}",
      "isotimestamp": "2020-01-23T16:18:58+00:00",
      "object": null,
      "timestamp": 1579796338,
      "username": ""
  }]
}

    Telephony Logs

    This API endpoint is currently in Public Preview.

    Returns a paged list of telephony log events ranging from the last 180 days up to as recently as two minutes before the API request. The events returned are subject to log retention, if set up in the account, as described here. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the next_offset paging parameter as long as the result metadata has next_offset values. Requires "Grant read log" API permission.

    There is an intentional two-minute delay in the availability of new telephony events in the API response. Duo operates a large-scale distributed system, and this two-minute buffer period ensures that calls will return consistent results. Querying for results more recent than two minutes will return as empty.

    The v2 handler provides new querying capabilities and contextual information for events unavailable in the legacy v1 handler.

    We recommend requesting logs no more than once per minute.

    GET /admin/v2/logs/telephony

    Parameters

    Query Parameter Required? Allow Multiple? Description
    mintime Required No

    Return records that have a 13 character Unix timestamp in milliseconds of mintime or later. This value must be strictly less than maxtime.

    Example: 1661022959934
    maxtime Required No

    Return records that have a 13 character Unix timestamp in milliseconds of maxtime or earlier. This value must be strictly greater than mintime.

    Maximum: 180 days

    Example: 1661022969934
    limit Optional No

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 100; Max: 1000
    next_offset Optional Yes

    The offset at which to start record retrieval. This value is provided in the metadata in the form of a 13 character date string in milliseconds and the event txid. Both of these values must be provided when used, separated by a comma.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: None

    Example: next_offset=1547486297000,5bea1c1e-612c-4f1d-b310-75fd31385b15
    sort Optional No

    The order in which to return records. One of:

    Value Description
    ts:asc Return logs in chronological order.
    ts:desc Return logs in reverse chronological order.

    Default: ts:desc

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters or mintime is after the maxtime.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    items List of telephony logs. Information included:
    context The context under which this telephony event was used (e.g. Administrator Login).
    credits How many telephony credits this event used.
    phone The phone number that initiated this event.
    telephony_id A unique identifier for the telephony event.
    ts The time at which the telephony event was first recorded, to the best of our ability to record it. This may not always be the exact time the event took place, but should be extremely close.
    txid A unique identifier that relates to the successful authentication attempt using this telephony event.
    type The event type. Either "sms" or "phone".

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
        "items": [
            {
                "context": "enrollment",
                "credits": 1,
                "phone": "+12125556707",
                "telephony_id": "220f89ff-bff8-4466-b6cb-b7787940ce68",
                "ts": "2023-03-21T22:34:49.466370+00:00",
                "txid": "2f5d34d3-053f-422c-9dd4-77a5d58706b1",
                "type": "sms"
            },
            {
                "context": "authentication",
                "credits": 2,
                "phone": "+17345551311",
                "telephony_id": "60799fee-f08f-4ba8-971f-4e53b3473e9a",
                "ts": "2023-01-26T20:54:12.573580+00:00",
                "txid": "373bd5f3-1e42-4a5d-aefa-b33ae278fac8",
                "type": "phone"
            },
            {
                "context": "administrator login",
                "credits": 0,
                "phone": "+13135559542",
                "telephony_id": "5bf1a860-fe39-49e3-be29-217659663a74",
                "ts": "2022-10-25T16:07:45.304526+00:00",
                "txid": "fb0c129b-f994-4d3d-953b-c3e764272eb7",
                "type": "sms"
            }
        ],
        "metadata": {
            "next_offset": "1666714065304,5bf1a860-fe39-49e3-be29-217659663a74",
            "total_objects": 3
        }
    }
}

    Telephony Logs (Legacy v1)

    The v2 telephony logs endpoint provides new querying capabilities and contextual information for events unavailable in the legacy v1 handler. Consider migrating to the new handler.

    Returns a list of telephony log events. Only the 1000 earliest events will be returned; you may need to call this multiple times with mintime to page through the entire log. Requires "Grant read log" API permission.

    We recommend requesting logs no more than once per minute.

    GET /admin/v1/logs/telephony

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    mintime Optional Only return records that have a Unix timestamp in seconds after mintime. This can help to avoid fetching records that have already been retrieved.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    context How this telephony event was initiated. One of: "administrator login", "authentication", "enrollment", or "verify".
    credits How many telephony credits this event cost.
    isotimestamp

    ISO8601 timestamp of the event.
    phone The phone number that initiated this event.
    timestamp An integer indicating the Unix timestamp of the event.
    type The event type. Either "sms" or "phone".

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [{
      "context": "authentication",
      "credits": 1,
      "isotimestamp": "2020-03-20T15:38:12+00:00",
      "phone": "+15035550100",
      "timestamp": 1584718692,
      "type": "sms"
  }]
}

    Offline Enrollment Logs

    Returns a list of Duo Authentication for Windows Logon offline enrollment events ranging from the last 180 days up to as recently as two minutes before the API request. There is an intentional two minute delay in availability of new authentications in the API response. Duo operates a large scale distributed system, and this two minute buffer period ensures that calls will return consistent results. Querying for results more recent than two minutes will return as empty. Requires "Grant read log" API permission.

    The 1000 earliest events will be returned; you may need to call this multiple times with mintime to page through the entire log. Note that more or fewer than 1000 events may be returned depending on how many actual events exist for the specified mintime.

    We recommend requesting logs no more than once per minute.

    GET /admin/v1/logs/offline_enrollment

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    mintime Optional

    Only return records that have a Unix timestamp in seconds of mintime or later. Use mintime+1 to avoid receiving duplicate data.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    action The offline enrollment operation. One of "o2fa_user_provisioned", "o2fa_user_deprovisioned", or "o2fa_user_reenrolled".
    description

    Information about the Duo Windows Logon client system as reported by the application.

    user_agent The Duo Windows Logon application version information and the Windows OS version and platform information.
    hostname The host name of the system where Duo Windows Logon is installed.
    factor The type of authenticator used for offline access. One of "duo_otp" or "security_key".
    isotimestamp

    ISO8601 timestamp of the event.
    object The Duo Windows Logon integration's name.
    timestamp An integer indicating the Unix timestamp of the event.
    username The Duo username.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": [{
      "action": "o2fa_user_provisioned",
      "description": "{\"user_agent\": \"DuoCredProv/4.0.6.413 (Windows NT 6.3.9600; x64; Server)\", \"hostname\": \"WKSW10x64\", \"factor\": \"duo_otp\"}",
      "isotimestamp": "2019-08-30T16:10:05+00:00",
      "object": "Acme Laptop Windows Logon",
      "timestamp": 1567181405,
      "username": "narroway"
  }]
}

    Trust Monitor

    This information is available to Duo Premier and Duo Advantage plan customers.

    Retrieve Events

    Returns a paged list of events surfaced by Trust Monitor from the last 180 days. To fetch all results, call repeatedly with the next_offset paging parameter as long as the result metadata has next_offset values. Requires "Grant read log" API permission.

    We recommend requesting Trust Monitor events no more than once per minute.

    GET /admin/v1/trust_monitor/events

    Parameters

    Use the paging parameters to change the number of results shown in a response or to retrieve additional results. See Response Paging for details.

    Paging Parameter Required? Description
    limit Optional

    The maximum number of records returned.

    Default: 50; Max: 200
    offset Optional

    The offset from 0 at which to start record retrieval.

    When used with "limit", the handler will return "limit" records starting at the n-th record, where n is the offset.

    Default: 0
    Parameter Required? Description
    mintime Required

    Return records that have a 13 character Unix timestamp in milliseconds of mintime or later. This value must be strictly less than maxtime.
    maxtime Required

    Return records that have a 13 character Unix timestamp in milliseconds of maxtime or earlier. This value must be strictly greater than mintime.
    formatter Optional

    This parameter is currently in Public Preview.

    Specifies the log format. If omitted, logs are returned in the default format. One of:

    Value Description
    0 Returns logs in the default structure shown in this documentation.
    1

    Returns logs in Open Cybersecurity Schema Framework Detection finding class format (v1.2). To learn more about OCSF, please refer to the official OCSF documentation.
    type Optional

    The type of security event.

    Type Description
    auth Return security events that are denied anomalous authentications.
    bypass_status_enabled Return security events that are bypass status enabled.
    device_registration Return security events that are device registrations.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns a list of security events.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    events

    Array of events that match the Parameters. The information returned for each event includes:

    bypass_status_enabled

    An integer indicating the Unix timestamp in milliseconds when bypass status was enabled for the user or group.

    Returned for events with type=bypass_status.
    enabled_by

    The application or the administrator that enabled bypass status.

    Returned for events with type=bypass_status.
    enabled_for

    The user or group with bypass status.

    Returned for events with type=bypass_status.
    explanations

    An array of objects describing why Trust Monitor surfaced the event. The summary provides additional details.

    Events with type=auth:

    The type value will be one of: GRANTED_AUTH, NEW_COUNTRY_CODE, NEW_DEVICE, NEW_FACTOR, NEW_NETBLOCK, UNREALISTIC_GEOVELOCITY, UNUSUAL_COUNTRY_CODE, UNUSUAL_DEVICE, UNUSUAL_FACTOR, UNUSUAL_NETBLOCK, UNUSUAL_TIME_OF_DAY, or USER_MARKED_FRAUD.

    Events with type=device_registration:

    The type value will be one of: REGISTER_INACTIVE_USER, REGISTER_OS_OUTDATED, REGISTER_UNLOCK, or REGISTER_TAMPERED.
    from_common_netblock

    A boolean describing if this event was created from a common IP netblock. Either true or false.

    Returned for events with type=auth.
    from_new_user

    A boolean describing if this event was created for a new user. Either true or false.

    Returned for events with type=auth or type=device_registration.
    low_risk_ip

    A boolean describing if this event was created from an IP address identified in the Risk Profile configuration as a low risk IP address. Either true or false.

    Returned for events with type=auth.
    priority_event

    A boolean describing if the event matches the Risk Profile configuration. Either true or false.
    priority_reasons

    An array of objects describing how the event matches the Trust Monitor Risk Profile configuration. Each object contains:

    type

    The type of priority reason for the event's match.
    label

    The label of the priority reason for the event's match.

    Returned for events with type=auth or type=device_registration.
    sekey

    The unique identifier for this event as a 20 character string. This is unique across all different event types.
    state

    A string describing the state of the event. One of statenew or stateprocessed.
    state_updated_timestamp

    An integer indicating the Unix timestamp in milliseconds of the last change to the state of the event.
    surfaced_auth

    An object which represents the actual authentication. See the Authentication Logs response format for authentication event details.

    Returned for events with type=auth.
    surfaced_timestamp

    An integer indicating the Unix timestamp in milliseconds when the event was surfaced by Trust Monitor.
    triaged_as_interesting

    A boolean describing if this event was triaged as being interesting or not interesting. Either true or false.
    triage_event_uri

    A string representing the URI of the security event, which a Duo administrator can use to view and process the surfaced event in the Duo Admin Panel.

    Returned for events with type=auth.
    type

    The type of event, as a string. One of auth, bypass_status, or device_registration.

    Example Response

    Authentication Event:

    {
    "stat": "OK",
    "response": {
        "events": [
                        {
                "explanations": [
                    {
                        "summary": "amanda_tucker has not logged in from this location recently.",
                        "type": "NEW_COUNTRY_CODE"
                    },
                    {
                        "summary": "amanda_tucker has not logged in from this IP recently.",
                        "type": "NEW_NETBLOCK"
                    },
                    {
                        "summary": "amanda_tucker has not accessed this application recently.",
                        "type": "NEW_IKEY"
                    }
                ],
                "from_common_netblock": true,
                "from_new_user": false,
                "low_risk_ip": false,
                "priority_event": true,
                "priority_reasons": [
                    {
                        "label": "CN",
                        "type": "country"
                    }
                ],
                "sekey": "SEDOR9BP00L23C6YUH5",
                "state": "new",
                "state_updated_timestamp": null,
                "surfaced_auth": {
                    "access_device": {
                        "browser": "Chrome",
                        "browser_version": "86.0.4240.198",
                        "epkey": "EP18JX1A10AB102M2T2X",
                        "flash_version": null,
                        "hostname": null,
                        "ip": "17.88.232.83",
                        "is_encryption_enabled": "unknown",
                        "is_firewall_enabled": "unknown",
                        "is_password_set": "unknown",
                        "java_version": null,
                        "location": {
                            "city": "Shanghai",
                            "country": "China",
                            "state": "Shanghai"
                        },
                        "os": "Windows",
                        "os_version": "10",
                        "security_agents": "unknown"
                    },
                    "alias": "unknown",
                    "application": {
                        "key": "DIUD2X62LHMPDP00LXS3",
                        "name": "Microsoft Azure Active Directory"
                    },
                    "auth_device": {
                        "ip": null,
                        "key": null,
                        "location": {
                            "city": null,
                            "country": null,
                            "state": null
                        },
                        "name": null
                    },
                    "email": "",
                    "event_type": null,
                    "factor": "not_available",
                    "isotimestamp": "2020-11-17T03:19:13.092+00:00",
                    "ood_software": "",
                    "reason": "location_restricted",
                    "result": "denied",
                    "timestamp": 1605583153,
                    "trusted_endpoint_status": null,
                    "txid": "436694ad-467c-4aed-b048-8ad--f58e04c",
                    "user": {
                        "groups": [
                            "crazy"
                        ],
                        "key": "DUN73JE5M92DP00L4ZYS",
                        "name": "amanda_tucker"
                    }
                },
                "surfaced_timestamp": 1605602911680,
                "triage_event_uri": "https://admin-xxxxxxxx.duosecurity.com/trust-monitor?sekey=SEDOR9BP00L23C6YUH5",
                "triaged_as_interesting": false,
                "type": "auth"
            }
        ],
        "metadata": {
            "next_offset": "31229"
        }
    },
}

    Bypass Status Enabled Event:

    {
    "stat": "OK",
    "response": {
        "events": [
                        {
                "bypass_status_enabled": 1604337058989,
                "enabled_by": {
                    "key": "DEWGH6P00LT2R0I60UI",
                    "name": "Ellery Munson"
                },
                "enabled_for": {
                    "key": "DUN73JE5M92DP00L4ZYS",
                    "name": "amanda_tucker"
                },
                "priority_event": true,
                "priority_reasons": [],
                "sekey": "SEDOR9BP00L23C6YUH5",
                "state": "new",
                "state_updated_timestamp": null,
                "surfaced_timestamp": 1605602911680,
                "triaged_as_interesting": false,
                "type": "bypass_status"
            }
        ],
        "metadata": {}
    },
}

    Device Registration Event:

    {
    "stat": "OK",
    "response": {
        "events": [
                        {
                "explanations": [
                    {
                        "summary": "The registered device has an out-of-date version of the operating system installed.",
                        "type": "REGISTER_OS_OUTDATED"
                    }
                ],
                "from_new_user": false,
                "priority_event": false,
                "priority_reasons": [],
                "sekey": "SEDOR9BP00L23C6YUH7",
                "state": "new",
                "state_updated_timestamp": null,
                "surfaced_timestamp": 1675893605269,
                "triaged_as_interesting": false,
                "type": "device_registration"
            }
        ],
        "metadata": {}
    },
}

    Settings

    Retrieve Settings

    Returns global Duo settings. These settings can also be viewed and set in the Duo Admin Panel. Requires "Grant settings" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/settings

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns settings.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    caller_id Automated calls will appear to come from this number. This does not apply to text messages.
    duo_mobile_otp_type The one-time passcode setting for Duo Mobile. One of:
    Configuration Description
    HOTP Only Only HOTP codes are generated in Duo Mobile for all end users. Duo-protected applications accept only HOTP codes.
    Groups may use TOTP Only certain user groups have TOTP codes generated in Duo Mobile, all other users have HOTP codes generated. To see which groups, log in to the Duo Admin Panel and navigate to the settings page. Both TOTP and HOTP codes are accepted for Duo-protected applications.
    TOTP and HOTP Duo Mobile 4.49.0 and newer generate TOTP codes only. Older Duo Mobile versions continue generating HOTP codes. Both TOTP and HOTP codes are accepted for Duo-protected applications.
    TOTP Only Duo Mobile 4.49.0 and newer generate TOTP codes only. Older Duo Mobile versions continue generating HOTP codes, but these passcodes will not be accepted. Only TOTP codes are accepted for Duo-protected applications and the Duo Admin Panel.
    See the Passcodes setting for more information.
    email_activity_notification_enabled If true, users will receive an email notification when an authentication device is added or removed. If set to false, no email notifications are sent in these situations.
    enrollment_universal_prompt_enabled If true, the enrollment experience will show the Universal Prompt. If false, the enrollment experience will show the traditional Duo Prompt.
    fraud_email The email address to be notified when a user reports a fraudulent authentication attempt or is locked out due to failed authentication attempts. All administrators will be notified if this is not set.
    fraud_email_enabled If true, emailed notifications of user-reported fraudulent authentication attempts and user lockouts due to failed authentication are sent to the email address defined for fraud_email, or to all administrators if fraud_email is not defined. If set to false, no fraud alert emails are sent.
    global_ssp_policy_enforced If true, a policy set by an administrator is enforced for users trying to access the self-service portal. If set to false, the policy to access the self-service portal will be determined by the destination application policy.
    helpdesk_bypass Grants permission for administrators with the Help Desk role to generate bypass codes for users. One of allow (default value), limit, or deny.
    helpdesk_bypass_expiration Integer specifying a default expiration for bypass codes generated by Help Desk admins, in minutes. If not set, Help Desk admins may change bypass code expiration from the default 60 minutes after creation if helpdesk_bypass is set to allow.
    helpdesk_can_send_enroll_email Permits Help Desk administrators to send or resend enrollment emails to users. One of true or false (default).
    helpdesk_message Legacy parameter; no effect if specified. Use the Retrieve Custom Messaging endpoint.
    inactive_user_expiration Users will be automatically deleted if they are inactive (no successful logins) for a this amount of days.
    keypress_confirm The key for users to press to authenticate, or empty if any key should be pressed to authenticate.
    keypress_fraud The key for users to press to report fraud, or empty if any key should be pressed to authenticate.
    language The language used in the traditional Duo browser-based user authentication prompt. One of: "EN", "DE", "FR". Default: "EN"
    lockout_expire_duration If non-zero, an integer indicating the time in minutes until a locked-out user's status reverts to "Active". If null or 0, a user remains locked out until their status is manually changed (By an admin or API call). Minimum: 5 minutes. Maximum: 30000 minutes.
    lockout_threshold The number of consecutive failed authentication attempts before the user's status is set to "Locked Out" and the user is denied access.
    log_retention_days When set, log entries older than the specified number of days are purged. Logs retained indefinitely if null. Note that the log retention setting does not change the 180 day limitation for viewing and retrieving log information in the Duo Admin Panel, exported reports, or via this API. Minimum: 1 day. Maximum: 365 days.
    minimum_password_length An integer indicating the minimum number of characters that an administrator's Duo Admin Panel password must contain. This is only enforced on password creation and reset; existing passwords will not be invalidated. Default: 12.
    mobile_otp_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    name The customer name.
    password_requires_lower_alpha If true, administrator passwords will be required to contain a lower case alphabetic character. If false, administrator passwords will not be required to contain a lower case alphabetic character. This is only enforced on password creation and reset; existing passwords will not be invalidated. Default: false.
    password_requires_numeric If true, administrator passwords will be required to contain a numeric character. If false, administrator passwords will not be required to contain a numeric character. This is only enforced on password creation and reset; existing passwords will not be invalidated. Default: false.
    password_requires_special If true, administrator passwords will be required to contain a special (non-alphanumeric) character. If false, administrator passwords will not be required to contain a special (non-alphanumeric) character. This is only enforced on password creation and reset; existing passwords will not be invalidated. Default: false.
    password_requires_upper_alpha If true, administrator passwords will be required to contain an upper case alphabetic character. If false, administrator passwords will not be required to contain an upper case alphabetic character. This is only enforced on password creation and reset; existing passwords will not be invalidated. Default: false.
    push_activity_notification_enabled If true, users will receive a Duo Mobile notification when an authentication device is added or removed. If set to false, no email notifications are sent in these situations.
    push_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    sms_batch An integer that indicates how many passcodes to send at one time, up to 10.
    sms_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    sms_expiration The time in minutes to expire and invalidate SMS passcodes, up to 16,777,215.
    sms_message Description sent with every batch of SMS passcodes.
    sms_refresh If 1, a new set of SMS passcodes will automatically be sent after the last one is used. If 0, a new set will not be sent.
    telephony_warning_min An integer indicating the number of telephony credits at which an alert will be sent for low credits.
    timezone This is the timezone used when displaying timestamps in the Duo Admin Panel.
    unenrolled_user_lockout_threshold If non-zero, this is the number of days users can be unenrolled for before they are put into a locked out status. If 0, then users will not be put into a locked out status if they are unenrolled for any given period of time. Default value is 0.
    user_managers_can_put_users_in_bypass Permits User Manager administrators to apply "Bypass" status to users. One of true (default) or false.
    user_telephony_cost_max An integer indicating the maximum number of telephony credits a user may consume in a single authentication event. This excludes Duo administrators authenticating to the Duo administration panel. Default: 20.
    voice_enabled

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
      "caller_id": "+15035551000",
      "duo_mobile_otp_type": "TOTP and HOTP",
      "email_activity_notification_enabled": false,
      "enrollment_universal_prompt_enabled": true,
      "fraud_email": "example@example.com",
      "fraud_email_enabled": true,
      "global_ssp_policy_enforced": true;
      "helpdesk_bypass": "allow",
      "helpdesk_bypass_expiration": 0,
      "helpdesk_can_send_enroll_email": false,
      "helpdesk_message": "",
      "inactive_user_expiration": 30,
      "keypress_confirm": "#",
      "keypress_fraud": "*",
      "language": "EN",
      "lockout_expire_duration": null,
      "lockout_threshold": 10,
      "log_retention_days": null,
      "minimum_password_length": 12,
      "mobile_otp_enabled": false,
      "name": "Acme Corp",
      "password_requires_lower_alpha": true,
      "password_requires_numeric": true,
      "password_requires_special": false,
      "password_requires_upper_alpha": true,
      "push_enabled": false,
      "req_fips_passcodes_android": false,
      "security_checkup_enabled": 1,
      "sms_batch": 1,
      "sms_enabled": false,
      "sms_expiration": 10,
      "sms_message": "SMS passcodes",
      "sms_refresh": 0,
      "telephony_warning_min": 0,
      "timezone": "UTC",
      "user_managers_can_put_users_in_bypass": true,
      "user_telephony_cost_max": 20.0,
      "voice_enabled": false,
  }
}

    Modify Settings

    Change global Duo settings. Requires "Grant settings" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/settings

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    caller_id Optional Automated calls will appear to come from this number. This does not apply to text messages. Customizing this number may cause telephony providers to flag your number as fraudulent and result in failed user authentications.
    duo_mobile_otp_type Optional The one-time passcode setting for Duo Mobile. One of:
    Configuration Description
    hotp_only Only HOTP codes are generated in Duo Mobile for all end users. Duo-protected applications accept only HOTP codes.
    groups_may_use_totp Only certain user groups have TOTP codes generated in Duo Mobile, all other users have HOTP codes generated. To configure which groups, log in to the Duo Admin Panel and navigate to the settings page. Both TOTP and HOTP codes are accepted for Duo-protected applications.
    totp_and_hotp Duo Mobile 4.49.0 and newer generate TOTP codes only. Older Duo Mobile versions continue generating HOTP codes. Both TOTP and HOTP codes are accepted for Duo-protected applications.
    totp_only Duo Mobile 4.49.0 and newer generate TOTP codes only. Older Duo Mobile versions continue generating HOTP codes, but these passcodes will not be accepted. Only TOTP codes are accepted for Duo-protected applications and the Duo Admin Panel. This option is not reversible! Only enable this once you are sure all users and administrators are running Duo Mobile 4.49.0 or newer!
    See the Passcodes setting for more information.
    email_activity_notification_enabled Optional If true, users will receive an email notification when an authentication device is added or removed. If set to false, no email notifications are sent in these situations. Default value is false.
    enrollment_universal_prompt_enabled Optional If true, the enrollment experience will show the Universal Prompt. If false, the enrollment experience will show the traditional Duo Prompt. Default: show the Universal Prompt (for new customers as of July 2022).
    fraud_email Optional The email address to be notified when a user reports a fraudulent authentication attempt or is locked out due to failed authentication attempts, or empty for all administrators will be notified. If fraud_email is set to a specific email address and fraud_email_enabled is set to false, the specific email address value is cleared.
    fraud_email_enabled Optional Set to true to enable fraudulent authentication notification emails. False disables the fraud email functionality. If fraud_email is set to a specific email address and fraud_email_enabled is set to false, the specific email address value is cleared.
    global_ssp_policy_enforced Optional If true, a policy set by an administrator is enforced for users trying to access the self-service portal. If set to false, the policy to access the self-service portal will be determined by the destination application policy. Default value is true.
    helpdesk_bypass Optional Grants permission for administrators with the Help Desk role to generate bypass codes for users. The default value allow permits unrestricted generation of bypass codes, limit plus a value for helpdesk_bypass_expiration allows Help Desk admins to generate bypass codes with a preset expirtation, and deny prevents Help Desk admins from generating any bypass codes.
    helpdesk_bypass_expiration Optional Integer specifying a default expiration for bypass codes generated by Help Desk admins, in minutes. If not set, Help Desk admins may change bypass code expiration from the default 60 minutes after creation if helpdesk_bypass is set to allow. If specifying a value, also set helpdesk_bypass to limit.
    helpdesk_can_send_enroll_email Optional Permits Help Desk administrators to send or resend enrollment emails to users. Set to true to allow sending of enrollment emails. Default value is false.
    helpdesk_message Optional Legacy parameter; no effect if specified. Use the Modify Custom Messaging endpoint.
    inactive_user_expiration Optional Users will be automatically deleted if they are inactive (no successful logins) for this number of days. Minimum: 30 Maximum: 365
    keypress_confirm Optional The key for users to press to authenticate, or empty if any key should be pressed to authenticate. If this is empty, keypress_fraud must be as well.
    keypress_fraud Optional The key for users to report fraud, or empty if any key should be pressed to authenticate. If this is empty, keypress_confirm must be as well.
    language Optional Sets the language used in the browser-based user authentication prompt. One of: "EN", "DE", "FR". Default: "EN"
    lockout_expire_duration Optional If non-zero, the time in minutes until a locked-out user's status reverts to "Active". If 0, a user remains locked out until their status is manually changed (By an admin or API call). Minimum: 5 Maximum: 30000
    lockout_threshold Optional The number of consecutive failed authentication attempts before the user's status is set to "Locked Out" and the user is denied access. Default is 10 attempts. Minimum: 1 Maximum: 9999
    log_retention_days Optional When set, log entries older than the specified number of days are purged. Logs retained indefinitely if null. Note that the log retention setting does not change the 180 day limitation for viewing and retrieving log information in the Duo Admin Panel, exported reports, or via this API. Default: null (no retention limit). Minimum: 1 day. Maximum: 365 days.
    minimum_password_length Optional The minimum number of characters that an administrator's Duo Admin Panel password must contain. This is only enforced on password creation and reset; existing passwords will not be invalidated. Default: 12. Minimum: 12 Maximum: 100
    mobile_otp_enabled Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    name Optional

    Sets the customer name.
    password_requires_lower_alpha Optional If true, administrator passwords will be required to contain a lower case alphabetic character. If false, administrator passwords will not be required to contain a lower case alphabetic character. This is only enforced on password creation and reset; existing passwords will not be invalidated. Default: false.
    password_requires_numeric Optional If true, administrator passwords will be required to contain a numeric character. If false, administrator passwords will not be required to contain a numeric character. This is only enforced on password creation and reset; existing passwords will not be invalidated. Default: false.
    password_requires_special Optional If true, administrator passwords will be required to contain a special (non-alphanumeric) character. If false, administrator passwords will not be required to contain a special (non-alphanumeric) character. This is only enforced on password creation and reset; existing passwords will not be invalidated. Default: false.
    password_requires_upper_alpha Optional If true, administrator passwords will be required to contain an upper case alphabetic character. If false, administrator passwords will not be required to contain an upper case alphabetic character. This is only enforced on password creation and reset; existing passwords will not be invalidated. Default: false.
    push_activity_notification_enabled Optional If true, users will receive a Duo Mobile notification when an authentication device is added or removed. If set to false, no email notifications are sent in these situations. Default value is false.
    push_enabled Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    sms_batch Optional The number of passcodes to send at one time, up to 10.
    sms_enabled Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    sms_expiration Optional The time in minutes to expire and invalidate SMS passcodes, or empty if they should not expire.
    sms_message Optional Description sent with every batch of SMS passcodes.
    sms_refresh Optional If 1, a new set of SMS passcodes will automatically be sent after the last one is used. If 0, a new set will not be sent.
    telephony_warning_min Optional Configure a alert to be sent when the account has fewer than this many telephony credits remaining.
    timezone Optional This is the timezone used when displaying timestamps in the Duo Admin Panel. Timezones must be entries in the IANA Time Zone Database, for example, "US/Eastern", "Australia/Darwin", "GMT".
    u2f_enabled Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.
    unenrolled_user_lockout_threshold Optional

    If non-zero, this is the number of days users can be unenrolled for before they are put into a locked out status. If 0, then users will not be put into a locked out status if they are unenrolled for any given period of time. Default value is 0.
    user_managers_can_put_users_in_bypass Optional

    Permits User Manager administrators to apply "Bypass" status to users. Set to false to prevent User Managers from applying "Bypass" status. Default value is true.
    user_telephony_cost_max Optional The maximum number of telephony credits a user may consume in a single authentication event. This excludes Duo administrators authenticating to the Duo administration panel. If you know the countries from which your users expect to authenticate with phone callback we recommend adjusting this down from the default to match the most expensive expected country to help avoid misuse, using the values from the Telephony Credits documentation. Default: 20.
    voice_enabled Optional

    Legacy parameter; no effect if specified and always returns false. Use Duo Authentication Method policies to configure this setting.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The settings were modified successfully. The settings object is also returned (see Retrieve Settings).
    400 Invalid or missing parameters. For example, inactive_user_expiration out of bounds.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Settings.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Settings.

    Retrieve Logo

    Returns the custom logo displayed in the Duo authentication prompt and Duo Mobile. Requires "Grant settings API permission.

    This logo customization is superseded by Custom Branding for Duo Premier, Advantage, and Essentials plan customers. Migrate to the new custom branding endpoint for increased functionality. This endpoint is deprecated and will stop working in a future update.

    GET /admin/v1/logo

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns PNG data.
    404 No logo currently configured.

    Response Format

    If there are no errors, a PNG image is returned instead of JSON and the Content-Type header is image/png.

    Modify Logo

    Returns the custom logo displayed in the Duo authentication prompt and Duo Mobile. This logo is sent to devices when they enroll with the mobile app. Currently enrolled devices must be re-activated to receive the new logo. Requires "Grant settings" API permission.

    This logo customization is superseded by Custom Branding for Duo Premier, Advantage, and Essentials plan customers. Migrate to the new custom branding endpoint for increased functionality. This endpoint is deprecated and will stop working in a future update.

    POST /admin/v1/logo

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    logo Required Base-64 encoded PNG image data. The logo image must be in PNG format and not exceed 500 by 500 pixels and 200 KB. We recommend a 304 by 304 pixel logo image with a transparent background for the best results.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters or PNG data.
    600 Incorrect PNG base64 encoding.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Delete Logo

    Remove the logo from the Duo authentication prompt and future activation of Duo Mobile. Currently enrolled devices must be re-activated to remove the logo. Requires "Grant settings" API permission.

    This logo customization is superseded by Custom Branding for Duo Premier, Advantage, and Essentials plan customers. Migrate to the new custom branding endpoint for increased functionality. This endpoint is deprecated and will stop working in a future update. Logo updates made to this endpoint have no effect.

    DELETE /admin/v1/logo

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The logo was deleted or did not exist.

    Response Format

    Empty string.

    Custom Branding

    Custom branding is available to Duo Premier, Duo Advantage, and Duo Essentials plan customers.

    Retrieve Live Custom Branding

    Returns effective custom branding settings. These settings can also be viewed and set in the Duo Admin Panel. Requires "Grant settings" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/branding

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns live branding.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    background_img A base64 encoded background image in PNG format. Shown in Duo SSO and Duo Universal Prompt.
    card_accent_color A CSS hex color shown as the hash symbol (#) followed by three or six hexadecimal digits, which represents the colored line appearing at the top of the interactive user interface. Shown in Duo SSO and Universal Prompt.
    logo A base64 encoded logo image in PNG format. Shown in Duo SSO, Duo Universal Prompt, and traditional prompt.
    page_background_color A CSS hex color shown as the hash symbol (#) followed by three or six hexadecimal digits, which represents the color appearing below the user interface and beneath any transparent background image. Shown in Duo SSO and Universal Prompt.
    powered_by_duo If true, Duo SSO, Duo Universal Prompt, and traditional prompt show the "Secured by Duo" branding. Otherwise, false.
    sso_custom_username_label A string that is displayed for the custom SSO Login Label.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "background_image": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAABQAAAAMgCAYAAAB8mM/7AAABrmlUWHRYTUw6Y29tLmFkb2JlLnhtcAAAAAAAPD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4KPHg6eG1wbWV0YSB4bWxuczp4PSJhZG9iZTpuczptZXRhLyIgeDp4bXB0az0iQWRvYmUgWE1QIENvcmUgNi4wLWMwMDYgNzkuMTY0NzUzLCAyMDIxLzAyLzE1LTExOjUyOjEzICAgICAgICAiPgogPHJkZjpSREYggg==",
    "card_accent_color": "#144A94",
    "logo": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAARQAAAEwCAYAAAB2TY5ZAAAACXBIWXMAAAwHAAAMBwF2myPLAAA55mlUWHRYTUw6Y29tLmFkb2JlLnhtcAAAAAAAPD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4KPHg6eG1wbWV0YSB4bWxuczp4PSJhZG9iZTpuczptZXRhLyIgeDp4bXB0az0iQWRvYmUgWE1QIENvcmUgNS42LWMxMzggNzkuMTU5ODI0LCAyMDE2LzA5LzE0LTAxOjA5OjAxICAgICAgIkJggg==",
    "page_background_color": "#437BC6",
    "powered_by_duo": true,
    "sso_custom_username_label": "Username"
  }
}

    Modify Live Custom Branding

    Change effective custom branding settings. These settings can also be viewed and set in the Duo Admin Panel. Requires "Grant settings" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/branding

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    background_img Optional A base64 encoded background image in PNG format, with maximum size less than 3MB and dimensions between 12 by 12 pixels and 3840 by 2160 pixels. Shown in Duo SSO and Duo Universal Prompt.
    card_accent_color Optional A CSS hex color shown as the hash symbol (#) followed by three or six hexadecimal digits, which represents the colored line appearing at the top of the interactive user interface. Shown in Duo SSO and Universal Prompt.
    logo Optional A base64 encoded logo image in PNG format, with maximum size less than 200KB and dimensions between 12 by 12 pixels and 500 by 500 pixels. Shown in Duo SSO, Duo Universal Prompt, and traditional prompt.
    page_background_color Optional A CSS hex color shown as the hash symbol (#) followed by three or six hexadecimal digits, which represents the color appearing behind the user interface and any transparent background image. Shown in Duo SSO and Universal Prompt.
    powered_by_duo Optional If true, Duo SSO, Duo Universal Prompt, and traditional prompt show the "Secured by Duo" branding. Otherwise, false.
    sso_custom_username_label Optional Specify the string that is displayed for the custom SSO Login Label. Can be Username, Email Address, or a custom string. The custom string can only contain letters and numbers (maximum length 100 characters). No effect unless Duo SSO is enabled and configured.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The live branding settings were modified successfully. The settings objects are also returned (see Retrieve Live Custom Branding).
    400 Invalid or missing parameters. For example, card_accent_color an invalid HTML hex code.
    600 Incorrect PNG base64 encoding of logo or background images.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Live Custom Branding.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Live Custom Branding.

    Retrieve Draft Custom Branding

    Returns saved draft custom branding settings. These settings can also be viewed and set in the Duo Admin Panel. Requires "Grant settings" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/branding/draft

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns draft branding.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    background_img A base64 encoded background image in PNG format. Shown in Duo SSO and Duo Universal Prompt.
    card_accent_color A CSS hex color shown as the hash symbol (#) followed by three or six hexadecimal digits, which represents the colored line appearing at the top of the interactive user interface. Shown in Duo SSO and Universal Prompt.
    draft_user

    A list of test users who see draft branding (if configured) instead of live branding when using Duo SSO or Duo Universal Prompt.See Retrieve Users for descriptions of the response fields.
    logo A base64 encoded logo image in PNG format. Shown in Duo SSO, Duo Universal Prompt, and traditional prompt.
    page_background_color A CSS hex color shown as the hash symbol (#) followed by three or six hexadecimal digits, which represents the color appearing behind the user interface and any transparent background image. Shown in Duo SSO and Universal Prompt.
    powered_by_duo If true, Duo SSO, Duo Universal Prompt, and traditional prompt show the "Secured by Duo" branding. Otherwise, false.
    sso_custom_username_label A string that is displayed for the custom SSO Login Label.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "background_image": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAABQAAAAMgCAYAAAB8mM/7AAABrmlUWHRYTUw6Y29tLmFkb2JlLnhtcAAAAAAAPD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4KPHg6eG1wbWV0YSB4bWxuczp4PSJhZG9iZTpuczptZXRhLyIgeDp4bXB0az0iQWRvYmUgWE1QIENvcmUgNi4wLWMwMDYgNzkuMTY0NzUzLCAyMDIxLzAyLzE1LTExOjUyOjEzICAgICAgICAiPgogPHJkZjpSREYggg==",
    "card_accent_color": "#144A94",
    "draft_users": [{
        "alias1": "joe.smith",
        "alias2": "jsmith@example.com",
        "alias3": null,
        "alias4": null,
        "aliases": {
            "alias1": "joe.smith",
            "alias2": "jsmith@example.com"
        },
        "created": 1384275337,
        "email": "jsmith@example.com",
        "external_id": "1a2345b6-7cd8-9e0f-g1hi-23j45kl6m789",
        "firstname": "",
        "is_enrolled": true,
        "last_directory_sync": 1384275337,
        "last_login": 1514922986,
        "lastname": "",
        "notes": "",
        "realname": "Joe Smith",
        "status": "active",
        "user_id": "DU3RP9I2WOC59VZX672N",
        "username": "jsmith",
    }],
    "logo": "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAARQAAAEwCAYAAAB2TY5ZAAAACXBIWXMAAAwHAAAMBwF2myPLAAA55mlUWHRYTUw6Y29tLmFkb2JlLnhtcAAAAAAAPD94cGFja2V0IGJlZ2luPSLvu78iIGlkPSJXNU0wTXBDZWhpSHpyZVN6TlRjemtjOWQiPz4KPHg6eG1wbWV0YSB4bWxuczp4PSJhZG9iZTpuczptZXRhLyIgeDp4bXB0az0iQWRvYmUgWE1QIENvcmUgNS42LWMxMzggNzkuMTU5ODI0LCAyMDE2LzA5LzE0LTAxOjA5OjAxICAgICAgIkJggg==",
    "page_background_color": "#437BC6",
    "powered_by_duo": true,
    "sso_custom_username_label": "Username"
  }
}

    Modify Draft Custom Branding

    Change draft custom branding settings. These settings can also be viewed and set in the Duo Admin Panel. Requires "Grant settings" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/branding/draft

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    background_img Optional A base64 encoded background image in PNG format, with maximum size less than 3MB and dimensions between 12 by 12 pixels and 3840 by 2160 pixels. Shown in Duo SSO and Duo Universal Prompt.
    card_accent_color Optional A CSS hex color shown as the hash symbol (#) followed by three or six hexadecimal digits, which represents the colored line appearing at the top of the interactive user interface. Shown in Duo SSO and Universal Prompt.
    logo Optional A base64 encoded logo image in PNG format, with maximum size less than 200KB and dimensions between 12 by 12 pixels and 500 by 500 pixels. Shown in Duo SSO, Duo Universal Prompt, and traditional prompt.
    page_background_color Optional A CSS hex color shown as the hash symbol (#) followed by three or six hexadecimal digits, which represents the color appearing below the user interface and beneath any transparent background image. Shown in Duo SSO and Universal Prompt.
    powered_by_duo Optional If true, Duo SSO, Duo Universal Prompt, and traditional prompt show the "Secured by Duo" branding. Otherwise, false.
    sso_custom_username_label Optional Specify the string that is displayed for the custom SSO Login Label. Can be Username, Email Address, or a custom string (maximum length 100 characters). The custom string can only contain letters and numbers. No effect unless Duo SSO is enabled and configured.
    user_ids Optional A comma separated list of user IDs that will see saved draft branding in Duo SSO and Duo Universal Prompt.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 The draft branding settings were modified successfully. The settings objects are also returned (see Retrieve Live Custom Branding).
    400 Invalid or missing parameters. For example, card_accent_color an invalid HTML hex code.
    600 Incorrect PNG base64 encoding of logo or background images.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Draft Custom Branding.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Draft Custom Branding.

    Add Draft Custom Branding User by ID

    Add a single user with ID user_id to the list of draft branding test users. Requires "Grant settings" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/branding/draft/users/[user_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200

    The user was added to the draft branding user list successfully. The draft branding object is also returned (see Retrieve Draft Custom Branding).
    404

    No user was found with the given user_id.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Draft Custom Branding.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Draft Custom Branding.

    Remove Draft Custom Branding User by ID

    Remove a single user with ID user_id from the list of draft branding test users. Requires "Grant settings" API permission.

    DELETE /admin/v1/branding/draft/users/[user_id]

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200

    The user was removed from the draft branding user list successfully. The draft branding object is also returned (see Retrieve Draft Custom Branding).
    404

    No user was found with the given user_id.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Draft Custom Branding.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Draft Custom Branding.

    Publish Draft Custom Branding as Live Custom Branding

    Replaces the current live custom branding with the draft custom branding for all users and then removes the draft branding. Requires "Grant settings" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/branding/draft/publish

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200

    Success.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Live Custom Branding.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Live Custom Branding.

    Retrieve Custom Messaging

    Returns effective custom messaging settings, shown to users in the Universal Prompt. These settings can also be viewed and set in the Duo Admin Panel. Supersedes the helpdesk_message Settings parameter. Requires "Grant settings" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/branding/custom_messaging

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success. Returns custom messaging.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    help_links

    A comma-separated list of up to two custom external links shown to users in the Universal Prompt. Must begin with http or https.
    help_text_by_locale

    Customized text string associated with the specified locale. The user's browser's preferred language settings determine which language to show in the Universal Prompt. The first locale and message text in the list matches the default language specified in global Settings and is also shown in the traditional web prompt and in Duo Desktop.

    help_text

    Text shown to users in the Universal Prompt; up to 200 characters. No support for hyperlinks.
    locale

    The language of the help text. One of: en_US (English), ca_ES (Catalan), cs_CZ (Czech), da_DK (Danish), de_DE (German), es_ES (Spanish - Spain), es_419 (Spanish - Latin America), fi_FI (Finnish), fr_FR (French), hi_IN (Hindi), id_ID (Indonesian), it_IT (Italian), ja_JP (Japanese), ko_KR (Korean), nb_NO (Norwegian - Bokmål), nl_NL (Dutch), pl_PL (Polish), pt_BR (Portuguese - Brazil), pt_PT (Portuguese - Portugal), sv_SE (Swedish), th_TH (Thai), tr_TR (Turkish), vi_VN (Vietnamese), zh_Hans_CN (Chinese - Simplified), or zh_Hant_TW (Chinese - Traditional).

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
      "help_links": [
           "https://helpme.acme.corp"
      ],
      "help_text_by_locale": [
           {
              "help_text": "Contact the Acme Service Desk at 888-555-5310.",
              "locale": "en_US"
           },
          {
              "help_text": "Contactez le Service Desk Acme au 888-555-5310.",
              "locale": "fr_FR"
          }
      ]
  }
}

    Modify Custom Messaging

    Updates current custom messaging settings, shown to users in the Universal Prompt. These settings can also be viewed and set in the Duo Admin Panel. Supersedes the helpdesk_message Settings parameter. Requires "Grant settings" API permission.

    POST /admin/v1/branding/custom_messaging

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    help_links Optional

    A comma-separated list of up to two custom external links shown to users in the Universal Prompt. Each URL must begin with http:// or https://.
    help_text Optional

    Customized text string associated with the specified locale. The user's browser's preferred language settings determine which language to show in the Universal Prompt. The first locale and message text in the list matches the default language specified in global Settings and is also shown in the traditional web prompt and in Duo Desktop. Up to 200 characters. No support for hyperlinks.
    locale Required if help_text is specified. Otherwise, optional.

    The language of the help text. One of: en_US (English), ca_ES (Catalan), cs_CZ (Czech), de_DE (German), es_ES (Spanish - Spain), es_419 (Spanish - Latin America), fi_FI (Finnish), fr_FR (French), hi_IN (Hindi), id_ID (Indonesian), it_IT (Italian), ja_JP (Japanese), ko_KR (Korean), nb_NO (Norwegian - Bokmål), nl_NL (Dutch), pl_PL (Polish), pt_BR (Portuguese - Brazil), pt_PT (Portuguese - Portugal), sv_SE (Swedish), th_TH (Thai), tr_TR (Turkish), vi_VN (Vietnamese), zh_Hans_CN (Chinese - Simplified), or zh_Hant_TW (Chinese - Traditional).

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200

    The custom messaging settings were updated. The settings objects are also returned (see Retrieve Custom Messaging).
    400

    Invalid or missing parameters. For example, help_links that do not start with HTTP/HTTPS.

    Response Format

    Same as Retrieve Custom Messaging.

    Example Response

    Same as Retrieve Custom Messaging.

    Account Info

    Retrieve Summary

    Returns a summary of account utilization information. Requires "Grant read information" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/info/summary

    Parameters

    This API endpoint has no parameters.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    admin_count Current number of admins in the account.
    edition Current edition (including trials) of the account.
    integration_count Current number of integrations in the account.
    telephony_credits_remaining Current total number of telephony credits available in the account. This is the sum of all types of telephony credits.
    user_count Current number of users in the account.
    user_pending_deletion_count Current number of users pending deletion from the account (seen in the Admin Panel's Trash view).

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "admin_count": 21,
    "edition": "Duo Premier",
    "integration_count": 44,
    "telephony_credits_remaining": 960,
    "user_count": 862,
    "user_pending_deletion_count": 9
  }
}

    Telephony Credits Used Report

    Retrieve the number of telephony credits used in a given time period. Requires "Grant read information" API permission.

    If the specified time period is too long you may need to call this multiple times with mintime and sum the results.

    GET /admin/v1/info/telephony_credits_used

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    maxtime Optional Limit report to events before this Unix timestamp. Defaults to the current time.
    mintime Optional Limit report to events after this Unix timestamp. Defaults to thirty days before maxtime.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters or mintime is after the maxtime.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    mintime An integer indicating the Unix timestamp in seconds for the beginning of the report period.
    maxtime An integer indicating the Unix timestamp in seconds for the end of the report period.
    telephony_credits_used An integer indicating the number of telephony credits consumed during the specified time period.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "maxtime": 1352880416,
    "mintime": 1350288416,
    "telephony_credits_used": 30
  }
}

    Authentication Attempts Report

    Retrieve counts of authentication attempts for a given time period (not to exceed 180 days), broken down by result. Requires "Grant read information" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/info/authentication_attempts

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    maxtime Optional Limit report to events before this Unix timestamp. Defaults to the current time.
    mintime Optional Limit report to events after this Unix timestamp. Defaults to thirty days before maxtime.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, mintime is outside the 180 day retention window, or mintime is after the maxtime.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    mintime An integer indicating the Unix timestamp in seconds for the beginning of the report period.
    maxtime An integer indicating the Unix timestamp in seconds for the end of the report period.
    authentication_attempts An integer indicating the number of authentication attempts during the specified time period, broken down by result:
    Result Meaning
    "ERROR" An unexpected failure prevented authentication (for example, an invalid telephone number).
    "FAILURE" Authentication was denied.
    "FRAUD" The attempt ended with a report of fraudulent activity.
    "SUCCESS" Authentication was allowed.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "authentication_attempts": {
      "ERROR": 0,
      "FAILURE": 1,
      "FRAUD": 1,
      "SUCCESS": 50
    },
    "maxtime": 1352880416,
    "mintime": 1350288416
  }
}

    Users with Authentication Attempts Report

    Retrieve counts of users with authentication attempts for a given time period (not to exceed 180 days), broken down by result. Each count is the number of users who had at least one authentication attempt ending with that result. Requires "Grant read information" API permission.

    GET /admin/v1/info/user_authentication_attempts

    Parameters

    Parameter Required? Description
    maxtime Optional Limit report to events before this Unix timestamp. Defaults to the current time.
    mintime Optional Limit report to events after this Unix timestamp. Defaults to thirty days before maxtime.

    Response Codes

    Response Meaning
    200 Success.
    400 Invalid or missing parameters, mintime is outside the 180 day retention window, or mintime is after the maxtime.

    Response Format

    Key Value
    mintime An integer indicating the Unix timestamp in seconds for the beginning of the report period.
    maxtime An integer indicating the Unix timestamp in seconds for the end of the report period.
    user_authentication_attempts An integer indicating the number of users with authentication attempts during the specified time period, broken down by result. Refer to Authentication Attempts Report for a list of result types and their meanings.

    Example Response

    {
  "stat": "OK",
  "response": {
    "maxtime": 1352880416,
    "mintime": 1350288416,
    "user_authentication_attempts": {
      "ERROR": 0,
      "FAILURE": 1,
      "FRAUD": 1,
      "SUCCESS": 10
    }
  }
}

    Troubleshooting

    Need some help? Take a look at our Admin API Knowledge Base articles or Community discussions. For further assistance, contact Support.